A Dwarf Planet Class Object in the 21:5 Resonance with Neptune

Matthew J. Holman, Matthew J. Payne, Wesley Fraser, Pedro Lacerda, Michele T. Bannister, Michael Lackner, Ying-Tung Chen, Hsing Wen Lin, Kenneth W. Smith, Rosita Kokotanekova, David Young, K. Chambers (+24 others)
2018 Astrophysical Journal Letters  
We report the discovery of a H_r = 3.4±0.1 dwarf planet candidate by the Pan-STARRS Outer Solar System Survey. 2010 JO_179 is red with (g-r)=0.88 ± 0.21, roughly round, and slowly rotating, with a period of 30.6 hr. Estimates of its albedo imply a diameter of 600--900 km. Observations sampling the span between 2005--2016 provide an exceptionally well-determined orbit for 2010 JO_179, with a semi-major axis of 78.307±0.009 au, distant orbits known to this precision are rare. We find that 2010
more » ... 179 librates securely within the 21:5 mean-motion resonance with Neptune on hundred-megayear time scales, joining the small but growing set of known distant dwarf planets on metastable resonant orbits. These imply a substantial trans-Neptunian population that shifts between stability in high-order resonances, the detached population, and the eroding population of the scattering disk.
doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaadb3 fatcat:km3fcvqkjrb6tier5xesxx3tse