Presence of numerous microorganisms in gut of the food animals, including aquatic fauna, is responsible for monitoring, maneuvering and modifying different physiological metabolic activities. This has a direct impact over growth and nutritional composition of body. Therefore the concern over gut microbiota is gaining more interest in the field of animal science research in recent days. It is more relevant with the fact that the world will face much more agricultural challenges in the coming

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... des to cater to the needs of protein diets for ever increasing global population. This study provides an overview of the efficacy of the feed additives to enhance nutrient utilization and production efficiency by altering gut microbial diversity where improved feed efficiency, modification of gut microbiota, effect of feed additives on dry matter intake and digestion, and effect of feed supplements on carcass quality and meat quality vis-à-vis gut microbiota. . Effects of alfalfa extract, anise, capsicum, and a mixture of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on ruminal fermentation and protein degradation in beef heifers fed a high-concentrate diet. J Anim Sci, 84(10):