Forty-four individuals, 18-47 (MN 21.8, SD 5.63) years of age, took part in a study examining the magnitude and direction of the relationship between self-report and direct observation measures of relaxation and mindfulness. The Behavioral Relaxation Scale (BRS), a valid direct observation measure of relaxation, was used to assess relaxed behavior snd served as the criterion variable. Two self-report measures, the Relaxation Inventory (RI) and the Smith Relaxation State Inventory-Revised

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... ), a measure assessing 15 relaxation-States (R-States) including the R-State Aware, a proxy for mindfulness. Participants were assessed on two occasions, one week apart. Self-report measures were administered in random order immediately after direct observation of relaxed behavior. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between measures. Interobserver agreement of relaxed behavior was obtained on 41% of the observations. Data from Time 1 and 2 were combined and a mean score was derived and used in the analysis of relationships. There was no significant relation between the R-State Aware and BRS (r = .10, p = .25). No further analysis of relations between self-report measures was possible due lack to failure to replicate the construct validity of the RI. Results indicate the R-State Aware is not a proxy measure of mindfulness as suggested by Smith (2005) . Further research examining the relation between relaxation training and mindfulness is needed.