Although OWL provides a solid basis for many semantic-web applications, it lacks sufficient declarative semantics for instance recognition. This omission prevents OWL from being a satisfactory ontology language for automated semantic annotation. We can resolve this problem by adding to OWL declarations, instance recognition semantics that include external representations and context recognition information for atomic, lexical ontology concepts. Our implementation shows that the new automated

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... otation prototype system using OWL ontologies with rich instance-recognition semantics not only has high precision and recall, but also overcomes the post-processing problem of linking extracted data to semantic-web ontologies. Our study also shows that the use of instance recognition semantics in ontologies can lead to enhanced knowledge sharing and reuse through the Semantic Web.