Reducing the energy consumed in the use of mobile and wireless devices is becoming a major design challenge. While the problem obviously must be addressed with improved low-level technology, we have advocated also considering a higher-level view in which energy management becomes an explicit design goal of the software developer who can be more aware of the needs of applications. In support of this objective, new programming models, measurement tools, and simulation environments must be

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... d to provide the developer with feedback on the energy implications of various design decisions. In this paper, we describe an energy model and an execution-driven simulator incorporating this model for the PalmOS TM family of devices.