Known as the Early Journal Content, this set of works include research articles, news, letters, and other writings published in more than 200 of the oldest leading academic journals. The works date from the mid--seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries. We encourage people to read and share the Early Journal Content openly and to tell others that this resource exists. People may post this content online or redistribute in any way for non--commercial purposes. Read more about Early Journal

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... ntent at http://about.jstor.org/participate--jstor/individuals/early-journal--content. JSTOR is a digital library of academic journals, books, and primary source objects. JSTOR helps people discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content through a powerful research and teaching platform, and preserves this content for future generations. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not--for--profit organization that also includes Ithaka S+R and Portico. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. i 8 SCIE 'What shall be the means of checking them? Having said this, they beto)k themselves to meditation." They did not discuss questions of life and health only, but moral and religious subjects also, and their effect upon life in :general. The wind, or breath, disorders of the billiary system and phlegm, or improper secretions, seem to have been fully rec-<ognized as causes of bodily diseases, while passion and darkness ,of mind brought about mental disorders. Long lists of drugs and directions for their proper use are given, and there is abundant ,evidence that the properties of vaccine matter were well known. We are told that l" He who knows how to apply these in disorders is conversant with the science of medicine." And listen to the :following in regard to drugs and those who use them: "He who is acquainted with their applications according to considerations of time and place, after having observed their effects on individual patients, should be known as the best of physicians. An unknown drug is like poison, or weapon, or fire, or thunder, while a :known drug is like nectar. Drugs unknown by name, appearance, and properties, or misapplied even if known, produce mischief. Well applied, a virulent poison, even, may become an excellent ,melicine, while a medicine misapplied becomes a virulent poison. Only a physician who is possessed of memory, who is conversant ,with causes and applications of drugs, who has his passions under control, and who has quickness of decision, should, by the appli--cation of drugs, treat diseases." Thirty-two kinds of powders and plasters and six hundred purgatives are next described, after which a chapter on food and its proper use gives us as good advice as is to be found in any treatise published in this learned nineteenth century. Great stress is laid upon the proper care of the teeth, and a list of plants is given from which brushes can be made, there not being manufactories of such articles as there are now. "As the chief officer of a city protects his city, as the charioteer protects his chariot, after the same manner should the intelligent man be attentive to everything that should be done for the benefit of his own body." Therefore, bodily, mental, and, if we may so call it. religious hygiene is discussed at length, and many excellent rules given. Thb question of the duality of the mind and of its connection with th uniderstanding and the soul leads us into all the intricate mazes of Hindu philosophy. but are here discussed in such a lucid n.manner that one is not bewildered and can easily follow the line ,of thought with pleasure and profit. 4 The objects of the mind are ideas. Here, again, the proper, -excessive, scant, and injudicious correlation of the mind with its objects, or of the mental understanding with its objects, becomes the cause of the normal or abnormal condition of oneself." In other words, a man is sane or insane according to the proper or improper agreement of the mind and its ideas, the ideas the understanding conceives; and, therefore, " One should act in such a wvay as to preserve one's normal condition, in order that one's ,untroubled senses and mind might continue in an untroubled state; that is to say, by keeping oneself in touch with such objects of the senses as are productive of beneficial results; by properly achieving such acts as deserve to be achieved (and abstaining from such acts as should be abstained from), repeatedly ascertaining everything by a judicious employment of the understanding; and. lastly, by resorting to practices that are opposed to the virtues of the place of habitation, season of time, and one's own particular nature or disposition (as dependant upon a preponderance of this or that attribute or ingredient). Hence all persons desirous of achieving their own good should always adopt with heedfulness the practices of the good." Selfishness was never a cause of happiness, and we are told "one can never be happy by taking or enjoying anything alone without dividing it with others." And this advice is good in every 2 Stadien euber Lcliht uad Farbenampfladuag.