Active-participatory methods emphasize operational knowledge, learning by action; bring students into direct contact with real life situations. Active-participatory methods are procedures that start from the idea that learning is a personal activity that cannot be replaced by anything, and the learner is considered to be the manager of his / her own learning, of the whole learning process. This becomes a unique and different activity from one person to another, being determined by the personal

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... istory of the subject, by the environment in which it originates, and by the social relationships it develops. Active-participatory methods involve activism, intrinsic curiosity, the desire to observe, explain, explore, discover. Active and participatory are those methods that mobilize the student's energies that help him concentrate his attention, stimulate his curiosity. Active-participatory methods emphasize operational knowledge, learning by action; bring students into direct contact with real life situations. These methods are educational, for example: independent reading, heuristic dialogue, exploration and discovery learning, collective discussions, etc. Therefore, learning is a personal activity that belongs to the individual; is a personal act that involves the student altogether. These methods focus exclusively on the child and are decisive in shaping the personality. Looking at the child as a subject of learning, active-participatory methods consider that the educational and formative effects of education are proportional to the level of engagement and participation in the learning activity; that in the learning situation he is involved in calling for intellectual skills, which are based on different learning abilities; that each of these capacities can be analyzed from the point of view of the mental processes involved. Developing certain capabilities involves causing certain types of intellectual processes. These are different resources for each child to engage personally in the act of learning. There are cases in which some children call more memory, memory and understanding operations; others to think (the ability to put and solve problems). In cases that they use more thinking, it develops either convergent thinking operations involving the search for and finding a simple and correct answer; or divergent thought processes that lead to the emergence of possible answers, to an