In order to survive in this competitive and ever changing market, manufacturers have to improve and enhance the competitiveness, flexibility, responsiveness and sustainability with the application of the cutting-edge technologies and innovative management methods. New concepts, i.e., Intelligent manufacturing, flexible manufacturing, agile manufacturing, network manufacturing, green manufacturing and Industry 4.0, etc., have been proposed and developed in recent years based upon the newest and

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... ost advanced manufacturing technologies and Information and Communication technologies (ICT). This paper presents a new concept: Small-scale Intelligent Manufacturing System (SIMS), and the comparison with previous concepts and the benefits of SIMS are discussed in this paper. Different from the previous research works which mainly emphasize the technological integration for improving the flexibility and intelligence of an individual manufacturing system, this paper, however, focuses on and discusses the supply chain problems arisen from a holistic perspective. The features of the supply chain for realizing small-scale intelligent production and responsive distribution are discussed, and the limitation and future works are also discussed and suggested latter in this paper.