In the industrial production, dust is inevitable, on the part of the dust not only in the production of the factory, the raw material loss will cause harm to the body's respiratory system, so the dust concentration monitor is necessary to put into use, but the existing dust concentration monitor there is a single design principle, monitoring is not accurate. In order to better improve the quality of dust monitoring, save the economic costs, reduce the harm to human body, this research in the

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... ditional dust monitoring instrument as the carrier, the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, reinforcement learning, such as technology, introduced a set of adaptive dust monitoring instrument system based on reinforcement learning is the client, realize continuous monitoring of dust, and achieve accurate warning when dust exceeds the threshold, And automatically stop the machine operation. This paper first briefly analyzes the dust concentration measurement technology and instruments currently used in China. Aiming at the existing problems, an improved scheme of adaptive dust monitoring system based on reinforcement learning is given in order to help the development of dust concentration monitoring technology in China.