Dogs were used in all the experiments because of the similarity of the anatomy, and particularly of the physiology and blood supply to those of man. Each surgical procedure was carried out with the strictest observance of aseptic technic identical with that used on man. The dogs were anesthetized with ether, the abdomen shaved, and thoroughly cleansed with alcohol and benzin and two applications of 10 per cent, iodin. A straight upper right rectus incision was made in order to permit abdominal

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... xploration and transperitoneal exploration of both kidneys and ureters. In many instances surgical procedures other than those on the kidney and ureter, such as gastro-enterostomy, partial resection of the stomach, cholecystectomy, fat transplantations, and so forth, were carried out in the study of other problems, but in no instance was a procedure undertaken which would influence the results of the problem at hand. The technic of the various surgical 1.