PI). ziii. + 609. London: Xucmil1un and Conipuny, 1922. Price 40s. nct. Tlio gcnernl arrangement of tho material in tho first section of this book is sntisf:ictorily consecutive, and, considered in conjunction with tlic literary stylo, i t rimy bo said tlint tliero nrc few t~~l i n i c n l books, publislied in this country, containing nintter whicli may bo rend with such littlo effort. Corninencing with introductory notes, nininly dealing with general Inborntory directions and dcscriptions of

more »

... pnratus, tlio next clinptcr dcals rntiicr scantily with tho boiling-points of puro liquids. Foilorving this we lmrc n discussion on tho vnporir pressure of niiscd liquids, nnd tho influcnco of chcmical rel:itionsliip, :ind nioleculnr associntion, thoreon. I n this cliaptcr (Chnptor 111)' i t is suggested thnt rniscibility is R function of intcrnioleculnr attraction, so tlint tho rcl:itionsliip suggcstcd by 1). Bcrtliclot :ind by Cnlitzino Iiolds good. If, howover, ivo ncccpt tho supposition that tho boiling-point of n puro substnnco is n function of tho attraction htiveeu niolcciilcs, tlro nbovu rcliltionsliip iniposcs upon US tho necessity of ndopting tlio doctrino t h a t tho greater tho dinercnco in boiling-point between two liquids, tho greater will bo their tendency t o yield n liutcrogeneous misturo. This point i R brouglit to iiotico in vicw of tho proniinenco nocorded t o tho work of F. D. Brown, and t o tlio uso of this rclntionsliip as n basis for carrying out cspcrimcntnl investigations. Cliaptcr I\' deals with tho boiling-points of homogeneous and Iiotcrogcneous liquid inisturcs, tho affect of prcssuro on tho boilill&-points, and tho composition of nzcotropic misturcs. A list of tho boiling-points and composition of : L very 1:irgo number of nzcotropic mixtures is also given. Tho trentnient of cxpcriinontnl dotcrminntions of tho conipositiori of liquid and corresponding vnpour pliiiscs (Clinpter 1') is fintisf:ictory. Conciso descriptions arc given of tlic npp:irntus nnd methods eniployd by F. D. Ihowii, Lehfcldt, Ilosnlioff, Znwidski, nnd otliors, togotlier witli n o t a 011 tho errors likely to ariso in work of this kind. It is questionnllo alictlier Linebnrger's work should l o dismissed without discussion. 'l'hc subjcct is tnkcn u p from n " tlieoroticnl " stniidpoint i n tho following clinptor, but tlio treatment appears to bo inadequate. In C11:ipter 1'11 tlic author gives Inbratory directions rc1:iting to fractional distillntioii. After discussion of tlio coinposition of liquid nnd vnpour plinses ( c f . s.), tho tlicrno passes on t o tho relations bctsveen tho weight and composition, ni~d between tho boiling-points, of tho rcsiduo rind distillnto (Clinpters \'III and IX); wlrilst in tho snmo connoxion, nn nblo nnd critical treatiiieiit of rurious types of still-heads comprises tho following thrco clmptcrs, folloncd by notcs (Clinptcr S I I I ) on tho continuous stills dovised by Cimotli and by Lord Raglcigli. Cliiipter SLV dcnls largely with results obtained with tlio Young nnd Thonine typo of column. A sliort genornl description of tho plnrit J I C C I X S M~ to d e c t distillation on tile industrinl sc:~Io, givcri in Clinptcr SV, forms nn iutroduction t o tllo epocinlisctl matter given in subsequent scctions of tlro book. On randing tho four folloiving chapters ono feels that a subjmt 11:~s beon rcnclicd t o wliic~i all tllnt ]in8 preceded forme mcroly an introduction. Professor Young hns treated tlio subjcct of frnctionnl distillntion as n method of qunntitativo nnnlysis in such n manner that ono cannot but rnako tho suggestion thnt this section sliould bo published per se. Section I concludes with n bricf considcrntiou of proccsscs involving sublimation. Tlic subsequent scctions of the book, devoted to industrial proccsscs, inclutlo tho niaiiufncturo of ncetono nnd n-butyl dcohol, ethyl nlcohol, tho petrolcuni industry, distillatioil of will tar, glycerin, untl csscntinl oils. It is rather difficult t o criticiso witliout bins any technical mnttcr written from R standpoint diainctrically opposed t o tlint which Iins formed tho tiasis of ono's trnirting. Honcvcr, in rcriewing tlicso sections of Prof. Young's trciitisc, wo must b c w in mind t o ivlint extent this work mill benefit tlio tcchii.ologist nnd clieinical engineer wlio niny spccinliso in such proccsscs. This country lins never beconio famous for tlio cfiicicncy of its distillntion p1:int; nnd, on re:idiiig tlirougli the scctions devoted t o tho industrial nspcct of tlic subject, ono cqnnot Iiut feel that we Iiiirc not yet got nivny from tho ouipirical and rulc-of-thumb Inetliods which linvo clinr.wterised sucli proccsscs. 1 1 slight all-rorilid improrcincnt occurred during tho war, with tho ndvcnt of tcclinical clieinists from abroad ; and, therefore, it is unfortunnto tlint tho latter sections of tho book uiiclcr revicw do not in any wiy illustrnto tho applicntion of tlic tlicoreticni sido of tho subject to tlio succcssful design of plnnt.