Objective: Aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of pyrogenic cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6) detection associated with Mid regional pro-Amedullin (MR-proADM) and the APACHE II score in febrile patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED). Material: 64 patients in the Emergency Room (ER) during a period of 12 months with body temperature >37°C were recruited for this study. In order to compare MR-proADM and cytokine values, a control group of 40 healthy volunteers was

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... olled. For each subject, the APACHE II score was calculated. Result: MR-proADM and cytokines were significantly higher in patients compared to controls (p<0.0001). When APACHE II score was correlated to MR-proADM and cytokines and grouped into quartile, it showed a significant increase in TNF-α and IL-6 levels (p<0.0001). A significant stepwise increase in MR-proADM in accordance with IL-6 quartile levels was observed (p<0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the ability of those combined biomarkers to predict hospitalization. Conclusion: The combined use of MR-proADM and cytokines can help the febrile patient's management in the ED, predicting a subsequent hospitalization of such individuals.