Development of a Spiral-Capillary-Viscometer and Its Application for the Analysis of Flow Properties of Dilute Suspension of Montmorillonite
螺旋状毛細管型粘度計の開発とそれを用いたモンモリロナイト懸濁液の流動特性

SHUNYA KOBAYASHI, YASUHISA ADACHI
2005 Transactions of The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Reclamation Engineering  
Effectiveness of newly designed viscometer which is composed of two mescylinders connected with a long spiral capillary was tested if this apparatus can be applied to the analysis the relation between weak surface forces and flow properties of dilute clay suspension. In the apparatus, the difference of water levels in the two cylinders is measured as a function of time. This setup realizes the analysis of viscosity and non-Newtonian behavior of dilute clay suspension with solid volume fraction
more » ... s small as 5.0x 10-4. The pressure-gradient in the viscomerter can be adjusted 1/1000 times lower than that of conventional one. The validity of this apparatus was confirmed using distilled water and NaCl solution. The confirmed method was applied to the analysis of flow properties of dilute suspension of montmorillonite saturated Na and Ca ions. In the case of Na-montmorillonite suspension at pH6, critical coagulation concentration which is detected as immediate increase of viscosity turned to be lower than the case at pH10. This result was interpreted as edge-face interaction. On dispersed state of Na-montmorillonite suspension, viscosity increased slightly as Na concentration decreased. This result was interpreted as electroviscosity effect. In the case of Ca-montmorillonite suspension under coagulated condition, the changes of viscosity against Ca concentration was different on each pH. Camontmorillonite suspension flowed more smoothly than that of Na-type when the suspension is coagulated. In each case, viscosity increased with the decrease of pressure-gradient.
doi:10.11408/jsidre1965.2005.407 fatcat:k6dgo7d6pvhzbj6h2hjprd4yxe