Nucleon-deuteron (Nd) scattering, for which a rigorous formulation in terms of Faddeev equations exists and exact solutions of these equations for any dynamical input can be obtained, offers a good opportunity to study the dynamical aspects of 3NFs, such as momentum and spin dependences. Since the first indication of 3NF effects in Nd elastic scattering around 100 MeV/nucleon, precise measurements of proton-deuteron / neutron-deuteron scattering have been extensively performed at 60-300

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... eon. Direct comparison between the data and the Faddeev calculations based on realistic nucleon-nucleon forces plus 2π-exchange three nucleon forces draws the following conclusions. (1) The 3NF is definitely needed in Nd elastic scattering. (2) The spin dependent parts of the 3NFs may be deficient. (3) The shorter-range components of the 3NFs are probably required for the cross section as well as the spin observables at backward angles with increasing an incident energy. 7KLV LV DQ 2SHQ $FFHVV DUWLFOH GLVWULEXWHG XQGHU WKH WHUPV RI WKH &UHDWLYH &RPPRQV $WWULEXWLRQ /LFHQVH ZKLFK SHUPLWV XQUHVWULFWHG XVH GLVWULEXWLRQ DQG UHSURGXFWLRQ LQ DQ\ PHGLXP SURYLGHG WKH RULJLQDO ZRUN LV SURSHUO\ FLWHG 4 Abstract.