of genome sequences, and an increasing number of studies have reported dynamic epigenomes. This progress has given rise to new challenges, namely to approach the genome in its three-dimensional nuclear framework (3D), to examine the interplay between the main functions of the genome and the architecture of the interphase cell nucleus, and to decipher the relationships between nuclear structure and function. Thus, there is a renewed interest in nuclear compartments, some of which were described

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... ore than 1 century ago, and in 3D nuclear architecture. The complexity of the interphase cell nucleus, its ordered structure, and the dynamics of this organelle at different scales are thus being investigated in both animal and plant cells. Much has been learnt about the composition and fine structure of the nucleus and the mechanism of formation and dynamics of its various functional compartments. A better understanding of the structural and functional interplay between chromatin and the other nuclear compartments is emerging. These studies have been accompanied by the development of specific 3D approaches and tools, such as 3D imaging and modeling, and methods that capture chromosome conformation. Numerous reviews have been published on diverse aspects of nuclear organisation [Delgado et al., 2010 ; Raj- Abstract The interphase cell nucleus is extraordinarily complex, ordered, and dynamic. In the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in deciphering the functional organisation of the cell nucleus, and intricate relationships between genome functions (transcription, DNA repair, or replication) and various nuclear compartments have been revealed. In this review, we describe the architecture of the Arabidopsis thaliana interphase cell nucleus and discuss the dynamic nature of its organisation. We underline the need for further developments in quantitative and modelling approaches to nuclear organization.