Background: While evidence has been highlight that obesity may be associated to the increased incidence of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), these data have depended on defective measures of obesity such as body mass index (BMI), and usually have not clearly well-known relationship between body composition (including fat within the nonfat mass) with NAFLAD. Methods: In a case control study of people aged 20–75 years, we directly measured body composition (using bioelectrical impedance

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... alysis), height, weight and waist and hip circumferences who referred to radiology clinics in Kermanshah, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed by the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results: Among 231 people examined, 103 cases with NAFLD and 119 as control were established. The risk of NAFLD was positively associated with higher BMI and the components of the body composition. These associations were strengthened after adjusted for potential confounders including gender, age, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity Conclusion: An increasing prevalence of obesity may be associated with the increasing incidence of NAFLD as observed in many populations. We observed an increased risk of NAFLD associated with increased BMI, central adiposity and the fat component of weight, but found no association with nonfat mass.