Antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic microorganisms may be the cause of severe infections and complications of diseases, high cost, and high morbidity and mortality of the infected patients. Antibiotic overprescribing is a particular problem in primary care, community pharmacies, outpatient clinics, and hospital settings, where the unnecessary prescriptions of antibiotics are most common in low and middle-income countries. In the intensive care units, where there are severe infections and

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... antibiotic pressure, the management of such severe infections and rapid correct diagnosis is of paramount importance. So, the rapid increase of emergence of antibiotic resistance, and the failure and or delayed treatment of severe infections with high mortality cases, increases the importance of the management of prescription of antibiotics. The role of a microbiology laboratory in providing rapid microbiological diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility tests to broaden the choice of the suitable antibiotic and on survival of the patient is necessary. Pharmacists are considered to be experts in medicines and probably the ideal choice to oversee antimicrobial stewardship programs within hospitals and in primary care.. The aim of this review is to reveal the importance of the management of antibiotic prescriptions and the important role of microbiology laboratories and pharmacists.