Infertility is commonly treated through intrauterine insemination (IUI). However, a limited number of reports are available regarding the infectious complications including IUI. Case Report: This study presented the cases of bilateral tubo-ovarian abscesses after IUIs in a 40-year-old woman with secondary infertility. In addition, salpingectomy and hysterectomy were needed despite treatment with triple antibiotic. Moreover, the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscesses was confirmed by means of

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... ogical evaluations. Further, the patient responded well to antibiotic therapy following the surgery. Conclusions: Given the ascending trend of pelvic infections, the IUI-assisted violation of the natural cervical barrier can theoretically pose higher risks of this complication to the patients. Therefore, pelvic infections are highly recommended to be rejected before IUI. Finally, the diagnosis and intervention are necessary for minimizing morbidity and optimize treatment as well.