Space fault tree (SFT) theory is a system reliability analysis method proposed by the present authors in 2012. After five years of development, the basic framework of the SFT is complete; the framework includes continuous space fault tree, discrete space fault tree, and the corresponding data mining methods. The SFT can be satisfactorily employed for the reliability analysis of a simple system. It integrates intelligent science with big data processing technologies, including factor space

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... , fuzzy structured element theory, and cloud model theory. Further, the SFT with an intelligent processing capability is formed; the SFT involves the processing of fault big data, reliability causality, reliability stability, reliability inward engineering, and reliability change process description. The SFT has good versatility, extensibility, and adaptability. Although there are some limitations, the SFT also has adequate room for further development to overcome limitations. This book describes the SFT theory system. The basic framework of the SFT is introduced, including the continuous space fault tree and the discrete space fault tree. Considering the fuzziness, randomness, and discreteness of the fault data, the factor space theory, fuzzy structured element theory, and cloud model theory are used to improve the SFT. It can apply multi-factor analysis, fault logic analysis, and fault big data processing. The main contents of this book include the following: Chapter 1 introduces the status of the fundamental research related to this subject, the focal work conducted, and the innovations achieved. Chapter 2 proposes the continuous space fault tree (CSFT), which is the most basic theory in this area. It mainly deals with fault data with a strong regularity in a laboratory environment. Its characteristic functionality and fault probability distribution are continuous. Chapter 3 proposes the discrete space fault tree (DSFT), which is developed based on CSFT. It deals mainly with irregular fault data. To this end, the fuzzy structured element theory is introduced into the discrete space fault tree to represent the fuzziness of the fault data, and the fuzzy structured element characterisation function is then constructed. Chapter 4 introduces the framework of the inward analysis of the system factor structure (IASFS); furthermore, it defines and describes item-by-item analyses (IIA) and the classification reasoning method (CRM). IIA and the CRM can obtain