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Structure and Activity of Two Metal Ion-dependent Acetylxylan Esterases Involved in Plant Cell Wall Degradation Reveals a Close Similarity to Peptidoglycan Deacetylases

Edward J. Taylor, Tracey M. Gloster, Johan P. Turkenburg, Florence Vincent, A. Marek Brzozowski, Claude Dupont, François Shareck, Maria S. J. Centeno, José A. M. Prates, Vladimír Puchart, Luís M. A. Ferreira, Carlos M. G. A. Fontes (+2 others)
2006 Journal of Biological Chemistry  

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The enzymatic degradation of plant cell wall xylan requires the concerted action of a diverse enzymatic syndicate. Among these enzymes are xylan esterases, which hydrolyze the O-acetyl substituents, primarily at the O-2 position of the xylan backbone. All acetylxylan esterase structures described previously display a ␣/␤ hydrolase fold with a "Ser-His-Asp" catalytic triad. Here we report the structures of two distinct acetylxylan esterases, those from Streptomyces lividans and Clostridium
more » ... cellum, in native and complex forms, with x-ray data to between 1.6 and 1.0 A ˚resolution. We show, using a novel linked assay system with PNP-2-O-acetylxyloside and a ␤-xylosidase, that the enzymes are sugar-specific and metal ion-dependent and possess a single metal center with a chemical preference for Co 2؉ . Asp and His side chains complete the catalytic machinery. Different metal ion preferences for the two enzymes may reflect the surprising diversity with which the metal ion coordinates residues and ligands in the active center environment of the S. lividans and C. thermocellum enzymes. These "CE4" esterases involved in plant cell wall degradation are shown to be closely related to the de-N-acetylases involved in chitin and peptidoglycan degradation (
doi:10.1074/jbc.m513066200 pmid:16431911 fatcat:es7y5gxlwjd4zo2gwlat3o6m7q
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Edward J. Taylor, Tracey M. Gloster, Johan P. Turkenburg, Florence Vincent, A. Marek Brzozowski, Claude Dupont, François Shareck, Maria S. J. Centeno, José A. M. Prates, Vladimír Puchart, Luís M. A. Ferreira, Carlos M. G. A. Fontes, Peter Biely, Gideon J. Davies. "Structure and Activity of Two Metal Ion-dependent Acetylxylan Esterases Involved in Plant Cell Wall Degradation Reveals a Close Similarity to Peptidoglycan Deacetylases." Journal of Biological Chemistry 281.16 (2006) 10968-10975