Three Essays in Macroeconomics
Ryan Ahmad Chahrour
2017
In this dissertation, I examine three questions of relevance to macroeconomists and macroeconomic policy makers. Chapter 1 studies how central banks should communicate with the general public about their policies and the state of the economy. Chapter 2 evaluates alternative empirical estimates of the effects of tax changes through the lens of a dynamic-stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model. Chapter 3 examines the degree to which international borders segment product markets above and
more »
... d the market segmentation that occurs within countries. Central banks and other public actors often perceive a tradeoff between providing the public with useful information and the risk of overwhelming it with excessive communication. In chapter 1, I model this tension in a heterogeneous-information environment in which an information authority chooses how many signals to provide regarding an aggregate state. Agents respond by choosing how many signals to observe. When agents desire coordination in actions, I show that the number of signals they acquire may decrease in the number released by the authority. Regardless of whether agents and the authority value coordination equally, the optimal quantity of communication is positive, but does not maximize agents' acquisition of information. In contrast to a model without information choice, the authority always prefers to provide more precise signals. Estimating the tax multiplier via structural vector autoregression (SVAR) and the narrative approach delivers significantly different results. The former yields multipliers of about 1, whereas the latter produces much larger multipliers of about 3. The SVAR and narrative approaches differ along two important dimensions: the identification scheme and the reduced-form transmission mechanism. Chapter 2 uses a DSGE-model approach to evaluate the hypothesis that the different tax multipliers stemming from the SVAR and narrative approaches are due to differences in the assumed reduced-form transmission mechanisms. The main finding of [...]
doi:10.7916/d883403d
fatcat:udp3sunhnnc25ikvrkr6bfilhm