Battery energy storage system (BESS) services will be of great help when operating power systems at high renewable energy penetrations. This paper demonstrates the requirements for effective frequency and inertia services. Some system operators currently apply scalars to financially reward improved performance. This paper demonstrates a method of validating and improving these scalars by considering the delay time and ramp time of the BESS. The importance of the method used to measure the rate

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... f change of frequency is discussed in the paper. While rate of change of frequency services improve with reduced delivery times, limits are identified where further reductions produce negligible impact. This demonstrates the tangible benefits of a rapid response and that current technology could meet the criteria. A variety of BESS capacities are trialled which demonstrate consistency in performance and the occurrence of diminishing returns.