<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Accessing the Web is crucially important in today's society because of communication, education, and entertainment opportunities. Paralyzed or paretic individuals are unable to capitalize on these opportunities using traditional human-computer interaction methods. Thus, I develop a low-cost web browsing system for such individuals, integrating eye and brain control in a novel fashion to relay and interpret

more »

... gation commands. The system combines gaze position estimates obtained from a new image processing algorithm with brain concentration levels sensed and transmitted by an electroencephalogram headset. Since user intent may itself be uncertain, the system incorporates a novel fuzzy logic algorithm for combining brainwave and eye position inputs to determine the user's targeted hyperlink. The algorithm adopts an approach based on exponential smoothing to e</span><span>ffi</span><span>ciently keep a record of historical signals. Experimental evaluation established that the first attempt success rate of the system lies between 87% and 95% with 95% confidence. Error recovery accuracy is 98.4%, resulting in a second attempt success rate of 99.1%. This assistive technology, using o</span><span>ff</span><span>-the-shelf components, costs less than $100 excluding the tablet computer, and has the potential to a</span><span>ff</span><span>ordably open up the Web to millions of individuals.</span></p></div></div></div>