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TimeTraveler: Reinforcement Learning for Temporal Knowledge Graph Forecasting
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<span title="2021-09-09">2021</span>
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., 2020; Han et al., 2020a) . Some works leverage messagepassing networks to capture graph snapshot neighborhood information (Wu et al., 2020; Jung et al., 2020) . ...
For extrapolation, Know-Evolve (Trivedi et al., 2017) and GHNN (Han et al., 2020b) use temporal point process to model facts evolved in the continuous time domain. ...
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Self-Powered Water Splitting Using Flowing Kinetic Energy
<span title="2014-11-20">2014</span>
<i title="Wiley">
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TENG for effectively splitting power, which shows the fi rst fully self-powered water splitting system. The system is composed of a TENG and a water splitting unit. The TENG has a multilayered structure, which consists of mainly two parts: a rotator and a stator, as sketched in Figure 1 a. The whole fabrication is mainly based on the printing circuit technology, [24] [25] [26] [27] making it of low cost and scalable production. As exhibited in Figure 1 a, the rotator is a collection of radially
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... arrayed sectors with each sector unit having a central angle of 1°. The stator comprises of three components: a layer of Kapton as an electrifi cation material, a layer of electrodes, and an underlying epoxy glass cloth laminate sheet (FR4) as the substrate. The electrode layer is composed of two complementary-patterned electrode networks that are disconnected by fi ne trenches in between (Figure 1 a). Due to the fabrication limit of the printing circuit technology, the pattern of each network is partly different from that of the rotator. It is formed by a radial array of sectors, with a length about 60 mm, the angle of 1°, and mutually connected at one end. Since both the rotator and the stator have 2D planar structures, the TENG takes the advantage of a small volume. The working principle of this kind of TENG was reported previously. [ 16, 25, 28 ] The output performance under 600 rpm is plotted in Figure 1 b-e. As we can see, the shortcircuit current ( I sc ) has a continuous AC output at an average amplitude of 1 mA (Figure 1 b) . For the open-circuit voltage ( V oc ), it oscillates at the same frequency as that of I sc with a peak value around 240 V (Figure 1 c) . According to the previous work, [ 16, 25 ] the continuous AC output from the rotating TENG could be tuned by using the conventional transformer, which is effective to boost the output current at the expense of the output voltage, as shown in Figure 1 d, e. Therefore, the transformed current was enhanced up to 11 mA, while the voltage was reduced to about 17 V, which means the transformed efficiency is about 77.9%. Water Splitting Experiments : The above TENG was subsequently connected with the water splitting unit. Figure 2 a shows the schematic diagram. The TENG's output was initially transformed and rectifi ed. As for the water splitting unit, Pt was selected as the two electrodes. 30% (w.t.) KOH solution was utilized as the electrolytes. According to the electrolysis effect, the water splitting mechanism can be explained by the following equations: Therefore, O 2 and H 2 are produced at the anode and the cathode, respectively. In order to collect the H 2 , the cathode was inserted into a tube, whose top end was sealed by epoxy. It can Water splitting is utilized as a regenerative life supporting system and is part of the energy conversion process in nature. Its manipulation is often accomplished through the application of electrical potential by an external power supply. [ 1, 2 ] In order to develop a cost-effective and environment friendly technology, many researchers have focused on this fi eld. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Photocatalytic splitting of water into H 2 and O 2 using a catalyst and the solar energy is one of the ideal approaches. [ 2, 8 ] Besides, biological hydrogen production processes are also found to be environment friendly and less energy intensive. [ 5 ] Among these technologies, the energy source for water splitting includes solar, chemical, and thermal energy; whereas, the mechanical energy is rarely involved, [ 9 ] which is, however, of major interest, due to its universal availability. [10] [11] [12] Recently, the invention of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has provided an effective approach to convert ambient mechanical energy into electricity. [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] The working principle of the TENG is based on the combination of contact electrifi cation and electrostatic induction. Contact-induced charge transfer between two tribomaterials with opposite polarity results in a potential difference when the two materials are separated. This potential difference will drive the electrons/ions in the external circuit to fl ow, which could be used for water splitting. Here in this work, we fi rstly develop a water splitting system that is fabricated by coupling a TENG and a water splitting unit. When the TNEG's spinning speed is 600 rpm, the hydrogen producing rate in 30% (w.t.) potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution reaches 6.25 × 10 −3 mL min −1 . Particularly, when the KOH solution is replaced by pure water, the system is demonstrated to be even four times more effective for hydrogen generation than that driven by an electrochemical workstation at 10 V. Furthermore, the normal tap water fl owing is successful to drive Adv. Mater. 2014,
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A simple framework for contrastive learning phases of matter
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<span title="2022-05-11">2022</span>
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A main task in condensed-matter physics is to recognize, classify, and characterize phases of matter and the corresponding phase transitions, for which machine learning provides a new class of research tools due to the remarkable development in computing power and algorithms. Despite much exploration in this new field, usually different methods and techniques are needed for different scenarios. Here, we present SimCLP: a simple framework for contrastive learning phases of matter, which is
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... ed by the recent development in contrastive learning of visual representations. We demonstrate the success of this framework on several representative systems, including classical and quantum, single-particle and many-body, conventional and topological. SimCLP is flexible and free of usual burdens such as manual feature engineering and prior knowledge. The only prerequisite is to prepare enough state configurations. Furthermore, it can generate representation vectors and labels and hence help tackle other problems. SimCLP therefore paves an alternative way to the development of a generic tool for identifying unexplored phase transitions.
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Overview of CAIL2018: Legal Judgment Prediction Competition
[article]
<span title="2018-10-13">2018</span>
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arXiv
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. • HAN, Hierarchical Attention Networks (Yang et al., 2016) . • RCNN, Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks (Lai et al., 2015) . • DPCNN, Deep Pyramid Convolutional Neural Networks (Johnson and Zhang ...
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Analysis of the optical confinement factor in semiconductor lasers
<span title="">1996</span>
<i title="AIP Publishing">
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We derive formulas for the optical confinement factor ⌫ from Maxwell's equations for TE and TM modes in the slab waveguide. The numerical results show that the formulas yield correct mode gain for the modes propagating in the waveguide. We also compare the formulas with the standard definition of ⌫ as the ratio of power flow in the active region to the total power flow. The results show that the standard definition will underestimate the difference of optical confinement factors between TE and
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... M modes, and will underestimate the difference of material gains necessary for polarization insensitive semiconductor laser amplifiers. It is important to use correct optical confinement factors for designing polarization insensitive semiconductor laser amplifiers. For vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers, the numerical results show that ⌫ can be defined as the proportion of the product of the refractive index and the squared electric field in the active region.
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Joint production of Z boson and charged top-pion pair at the ILC
<span title="">2012</span>
<i title="Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
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Safety Analysis of Offshore Platform Power System Considering Low Voltage Crossing Capability
<span title="">2020</span>
<i title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)">
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ZHENFANG ZHONG was born in 1990. She has studied at North China Electric Power University. ...
HAN GAO was born in 1996. She is currently pursuing the master's degree in electrical engineering with the China University of Petroleum (East China). ...
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Mass retrieval in mammogram based on hashing theory and linear neighborhood propagation
<span title="">2014</span>
<i title="Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
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Mass detection in mammograms usually has high false positive (FP) rate. Content based mass retrieval can effectively reduce the FP rate by comparing the image which is to be determined with mass images which have already been diagnosed. In this paper, a method combining discriminating anchor graph hashing (DAGH) and linear neighborhood propagation (LNP) is proposed for mammogram mass retrieval. Original AGH image representation does not consider pathological relevance in defining image
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... y. To solve this problem, DAGH is put forward as a new image representation, which introduces the pathological class into image similarity. Furthermore, LNP is employed as a relevance feedback technique. Finally, interactive retrieval for mammogram masses is implemented based on the learning strategy between the underlying features and high-level semantic for images. Mammograms provided by the Breast Center of Peking University People's Hospital (BCPKUPH) are used to test the proposed method. Experimental results show that the DAGH image representation introducing pathological class is superior to original AGH in analyzing the similarity of mass images. Compared with existing methods, the proposed method shows obvious improvement in mass retrieval performance.
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Mass segmentation in mammogram based on SPCNN and improved vector-CV
<span title="">2014</span>
<i title="Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
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Mass segmentation plays an important role in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system. The segmentation result seriously affects classifying mass as benign and malignant. By combining the simplified pulse coupled neural network (SPCNN) and the improved vector active contour without edge (vector-CV), a novel method of mass segmentation in mammogram is proposed in this paper. First, the parameters and termination conditions of SPCNN are obtained through mathematical analysis and the initial contour
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... s segmented by SPCNN. Then, the vector CV model is accordingly modified to overcome the shortcomings of traditional CV model. Finally, combined with the initial contour, the improved vector-CV is used to segment the mass contour. The experiments implemented on the public digital database for screening mammography (DDSM) and the clinical images which are provided by the Center of Breast Disease of Peking University People's Hospital indicate that the proposed method is better than the existing methods, especially when dealing with the dense breasts of Oriental female.
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Hourglass Triboelectric Nanogenerator as a "Direct Current" Power Source
<span title="2017-06-09">2017</span>
<i title="Wiley">
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energies of various forms, such as wind, [9, 10] human motion, [11, 12] and water waves, [13, 14] into electricity. Generally, TENGs have a periodic mechanical motion and hence deliver an alternating current (AC) output in the external circuit. So, it needs to be used in combination with a rectifier bridge to get a direct current (DC) output. In this regard, efforts have been made to fabricate TENGs with DC output characteristics. Previously, a DC TENG has been presented to capture energy from
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700644">doi:10.1002/aenm.201700644</a>
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... he rotation motion of two wheels, however, it needed a Corona discharge to pass the electrons through an external load. [15] Another DC TENG has also been introduced to acquire rotational mechanical energy based on a rotating disk design. [16] In this paper, we demonstrate an hourglass triboelectric nanogenerator (HG-TENG) that extracts the kinetic energy of the falling particles. The particles used are a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pellets and aluminum (Al) balls. Through a unique design of the electrode, the HG-TENG directly converts kinetic energy of the falling particles into a train of electrical pulses of the same sign without a rectifier bridge. The electrical pulses produced can light up 160 serially connected commercial light emitting diodes (LEDs) intermittently for 18 s. Furthermore, the HG-TENG also demonstrates its capability as a self-powered UV counterfeit detector. Figure 1a illustrates the structural design of the HG-TENG. The HG-TENG contains two identical funnels that are vertically connected by a tube and the conical mouth of each funnel is covered by a pillar electrode. The pictures of the bottom funnel and the pillar electrode are shown in Figure 1a -i,ii, respectively. The bottom funnel is filled with a mixture of PTFE pellets and Al balls. An enlarged view of the mixed particles is displayed in Figure 1a -iii. The diameters of the particles used are both around 2 mm. As illustrated in Figure 1a -ii, the pillar electrode consists of two parts: the vertically aligned Al pillars, which are tailored to the geometry of the funnel, and the Al plate at the bottom. The detailed description of the HG-TENG is presented in the Experimental Section. The operating process Hourglass, or sandglass, is known for centuries to record the passage of time. Here, an hourglass triboelectric nanogenerator (HG-TENG) is reported as a power source by harnessing the kinetic energy of falling particles. By employing the geometry of an hourglass and replacing the sand with a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pellets and Al balls, the HG-TENG delivers a train of electrical pulses of the same sign without a rectifier bridge. When the volume ratio of the PTFE pellets to the Al balls is 1:1, the HG-TENG is able to light up 160 commercial light emitting diodes intermittently for 18 s. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the HG-TENG can also serve as a self-powered UV counterfeit detector. Results and Discussion
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Research Progress on Preform Forming and Microstructure of 3D Braided Composites
<span title="">2018</span>
<i title="Journal of Materials Engineering">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/lpj6sa5nc5anvj2dzaas2j53uu" style="color: black;">Journal of Materials Engineering</a>
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Three-dimensional braided composites have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent mechanical properties, which cannot be separated from their special structures. This paper aimed to provide a review on the research of 3D braided preform forming technology and the microstructure of 3D braided composites. In the aspect of forming technology, braiding methods and equipment currently used were introduced, then, research on new braiding method and braiding process was also introduced.
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... the aspect of its microstructure, detailed procedures of research from abstract to specification were presented, and the shortcoming of current microstructural model's characterization of fiber bundles deformation was pointed out, and two advanced modeling methods were introduced. Finally, it was pointed out that the methodology to characterize 3D braided structures can be further established in order to explore novel structures. Also, the mechanism of yarn deformation should be studied so as to get the microstructure model which is closer to the reality.
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Clinical Characteristics of Recurrent-positive Coronavirus Disease 2019 after Curative Discharge: a retrospective analysis of 15 cases in Wuhan China
[article]
<span title="2020-07-04">2020</span>
<i title="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory">
medRxiv
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Study design: Lan Chen, Zhen-Yu Yin Data collection: Xiao-Bin Zhang, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Su-Zhen Zhang, Qiu-Ying Han, Lan Hu, Jun-Hui Wang Data analysis:Jian-Guo Fu, Xiong-Xiao,De-Jin Zhong Imaging analysis ...
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CARBON DIOXIDE ACTIVATION BY Y ATOM AND Y+ CATION IN THE GAS PHASE: A DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORETICAL STUDY
<span title="">2010</span>
<i title="SciELO Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica Y Tecnologica (CONICYT)">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/gq5zmwsb5zf3pauczv4r43vydi" style="color: black;">Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society (Print)</a>
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The potential energy surfaces for the Y+CO 2 and Y + +CO 2 reactions have been investigated by using the DFT (B3LYP/ECP/6−311+G*) level of theory. Both ground and excited state potential energy surfaces are discussed. The present results show that the reaction mechanism is an insertion mechanism along the C−O bond activation branch. The reaction of Y atom with CO 2 was shown to occur preferentially on the doublet PES throughout the reaction process. As for the reaction between Y + cation with
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... 2 , it involves potential energy curve-crossing which dramatically affects reaction mechanism. Due to the intersystem crossing existing in the reaction process of Y + with CO 2 , the intermediate (OY(η 2 CO)) + may not form. This mechanism is different from that of Y + CO 2 system. All our theoretical results not only support the existing conclusions inferred from early experiment, but also complement the pathway and mechanism for this reaction.
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Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology of Escherichia coli Causing Bloodstream Infections in Three Hospitals in Shanghai, China
<span title="2016-01-29">2016</span>
<i title="Public Library of Science (PLoS)">
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Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most frequent and lethal causes of bloodstream infections (BSIs). We carried out a retrospective multicenter study on antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic background of clinical E. coli isolates recovered from bloodstream in three hospitals in Shanghai. E. coli isolates causing BSIs were consecutively collected between Sept 2013 and Sept 2014. Ninety isolates randomly selected (30 from each hospital) were enrolled in the study. Antimicrobial
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... bility testing was performed by disk diffusion. PCR was used to detect antimicrobial resistance genes coding for β-lactamases (TEM, CTX-M, OXA, etc.), carbapenemases (IMP, VIM, KPC, NDM-1 and OXA-48), and phylogenetic groups. eBURST was applied for analysis of multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). The resistance rates for penicillins, second-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolone and tetracyclines were high (>60%). Sixty-one of the 90 (67.8%) strains enrolled produced ESBLs and no carbapenemases were found. Molecular analysis showed that CTX-M-15 (25/61), CTX-M-14 (18/61) and CTX-M-55 (9/61) were the most common ESBLs. Phylogenetic group B2 predominated (43.3%) and exhibited the highest rates of ESBLs production. ST131 (20/90) was the most common sequence type and almost assigned to phylogenetic group B2 (19/20). The following sequence types were ST405 (8/90) and ST69 (5/90). Among 61 ESBL-producers isolates, B2 (26, 42.6%) and ST131 (18, 29.5%) were also the most common phylogenetic group and sequence type. Genetic diversity showed no evidence suggesting a spread of these antimicrobial resistant isolates in the three hospitals. In order to provide more comprehensive and reliable epidemiological information for preventing further dissemination, well-designed and continuous surveillance with more hospitals participating was important.
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Extracellular MicroRNAs Activate Nociceptor Neurons to Elicit Pain via TLR7 and TRPA1
<span title="">2014</span>
<i title="Elsevier BV">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/5lze265mrrcddlccx7zpfjyjwi" style="color: black;">Neuron</a>
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Information includes Supplemental Experimental
Neuron, Volume 82
Supplemental Information
Extracellular MicroRNAs Activate Nociceptor
Neurons to Elicit Pain via TLR7 and TRPA1 Chul-Kyu Park, Zhen-Zhong ...
Xu, Temugin Berta, Qingjian Han, Gang Chen, Xing-Jun Liu, and Ru-Rong Ji
I. ...
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