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Reply to "Limusaurus and bird digit identity"
2011
Nature Precedings
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Vargas et al. agree with us that a lateral shift in theropod dinosaur digits occurred prior to the origin of birds, but contend that it occurred as a single "frameshift" with little outward change to the three main digits involved 1 . We consider the digital morphology of Limusaurus, other ceratosaurs, and non-avian tetanurans to provide evidence that the shift was stepwise, and that a stepwise shift better explains theropod maual morphology than a hidden frameshift.
doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6375
fatcat:ipu6lxvqtjbcdehq4kxyxcy5ji
Reply to "Limusaurus and bird digit identity"
2011
Nature Precedings
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Vargas et al. agree with us that a lateral shift in theropod dinosaur digits occurred prior to the origin of birds, but contend that it occurred as a single "frameshift" with little outward change to the three main digits involved 1 . We consider the digital morphology of Limusaurus, other ceratosaurs, and non-avian tetanurans to provide evidence that the shift was stepwise, and that a stepwise shift better explains theropod maual morphology than a hidden frameshift.
doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6375.1
fatcat:pca2l4janfflxfiu6n35hamxb4
Transverse Parton Distribution and Fragmentation Functions at NNLO: the Quark Case
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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We revisit the calculation of perturbative quark transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions using the exponential regulator for rapidity divergences. We show that the exponential regulator provides a consistent framework for the calculation of various ingredients in transverse momentum dependent factorization. Compared to existing regulators in the literature, the exponential regulator has a couple of advantages which we explain in detail. As a
arXiv:1908.03831v1
fatcat:m3dibhejkfcannnchn5wnlg7he
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... , the calculation is greatly simplified and we are able to obtain the next-to-next-to-leading order results up to O(ϵ^2) in dimensional regularization. These terms are necessary for a higher order calculation which is made possible with the simplification brought by the new regulator. As a by-product, we have obtained the two-loop quark jet function for the Energy-Energy Correlator in the back-to-back limit, which is the last missing ingredient for its N^3LL resummation.
Triaxiality of the yrast states of odd-ALuisotopes
1999
Physical Review C
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The energy spectra and electromagnetic transition probabilities of the negative-parity yrast states in odd-A Lu isotopes (Zϭ71) are investigated systematically using the particle-rotor model and are compared with experimental data before and after the band crossing. It is noted that the moment of inertia of the core after the band crossing is as much a smooth function of the total angular momentum I, as that before the band crossing and can be described by the ab formula. Appreciably different
doi:10.1103/physrevc.60.054305
fatcat:ua7xa5u2ybd5npmgk5pqezv5yu
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... re the triaxial deformations before (ϳϪ20°) and after (ϳϩ10°) the band crossing for 161,163,165 Lu, while they are more or less similar (ϳϪ10°) for 167 Lu determined from the calculation.
Double calcaneal osteotomy for severe adolescent flexible flatfoot reconstruction
2017
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
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The timing and strategy of treatment for flatfoot still remain controversial. It is a difficult problem when facing severe adolescent flexible flatfoot because a single procedure cannot realign flatfoot deformity effectively. Methods: We reviewed 13 adolescent flexible flatfoot patients who underwent double calcaneal osteotomy during May 2012 to June 2015. The mean age of patients was 15.2 ± 1.8 (range, 10-18) years. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot (AOFAS-AH)
doi:10.1186/s13018-017-0655-3
pmid:29041945
pmcid:PMC5645836
fatcat:nz7exdhjr5f7db7ohb6ggaslae
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... s and SF-36 score were adopted to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative functions of the foot. Changes of hindfoot valgus angles, talonavicular uncoverage angles on AP view and talo-first metatarsal angles, and talar pitch angles and calcaneal pitch angles on the lateral film before and after surgery were measured. Results: All 13 patients (15 ft) were followed. The mean duration of follow-up was 34.5 ± 15.7 (range, 21-60) months. The hindfoot valgus angle improved from 16.5 ± 4.1 to 2.9 ± 1.6. On the foot AP view, the mean preoperative and postoperative talonavicular coverage angles were 24.9 ± 8.5 and 6.5 ± 3.6. On the lateral view of the foot, the average preoperative and postoperative talo-first metatarsal angles were 18.1 ± 5.5 and 4.9 ± 4.4. The mean preoperative and postoperative talar pitch angles were 36.4 ± 4.7 and 24.0 ± 5.6. The AOFAS-AH score improved from 68.9 ± 12.3 preoperatively to 94.6 ± 3.9 postoperatively. Conclusion: With additional procedures, double calcaneal osteotomy was an effective method for severe adolescent flexible flatfoot.
Comment on "Embryological evidence identifies wing digits in birds as digits 1, 2, and 3."
2011
Nature Precedings
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Tamura et al. (Science, 11 Febuary 2011, p. 753) claim that the three avian wing digits should be identified as digits I-III based on new embryological data and suggest that these identifications help to remove the conflict between the paleontological data and developmental data concerning the homology of the avian digits. However, their results are not novel, and the authors fail to address the critical problems relating to this interesting issue. Tamura et al. 1 provide embryological data on
doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6433.1
fatcat:7uriugcodrfmzagknbxvhwvloq
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... igital development in living birds. They claim that the three avian wing digits should be developmentally identified as digits I-III and suggest that these identifications help to remove the conflict between the paleontological data and developmental data concerning the homology of the avian digits. While Tamura et al. present information of significance, their study fails to address larger questions of digit homology and the paleontological record. First, the authors state without discussion that paleontological data indicate the loss of digits IV and V in extinct and living tetanuran theropods, but they do not mention published evidence to the contrary. Previous studies have provided morphological evidence supporting a II-III-IV identification for the three manual digits of extinct tetanuran theropods 2 . Our recent study demonstrates a decoupling of morphological features in the hands of extinct tetanuran theropods (including the earliest known birds): most metacarpal features support a II-III-IV identification and most phalangeal features support a I-II-III identification 3 . The updated paleontological data thus clearly contain two contradictory signals relating to the identification of the tetanuran manual digits. The strikingly conservative phalangeal formula of 2-3-4 seen in tetrapods has been given primacy in identifying these digits as I-II-III, overshadowing other morphological features that favor the II-III-IV identification. The significance of the latter evidence for the problem of digital identification was only recognized following the recent discovery of the unusual theropod Limusaurus, which has a vestigial digit I 3 . Second, some important embryological data have not been fully appreciated by Tamura et al., which weakens the significance of their study. Given that several recent embryological studies also support the I-II-III hypothesis 4, 5 , the authors' identification of the avian wing digits as I-II-III is not novel. Furthermore, except the embryological evidence from the primary limb axis, there are other lines of evidence supporting a II-III-Nature Precedings :
Comment on "Embryological evidence identifies wing digits in birds as digits 1, 2, and 3."
2011
Nature Precedings
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Tamura et al. (Science, 11 Febuary 2011, p. 753) claim that the three avian wing digits should be identified as digits I-III based on new embryological data and suggest that these identifications help to remove the conflict between the paleontological data and developmental data concerning the homology of the avian digits. However, their results are not novel, and the authors fail to address the critical problems relating to this interesting issue. Tamura et al. 1 provide embryological data on
doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6433
fatcat:3wo5ox5iorgjdcwuvlw3u3wvfm
more »
... igital development in living birds. They claim that the three avian wing digits should be developmentally identified as digits I-III and suggest that these identifications help to remove the conflict between the paleontological data and developmental data concerning the homology of the avian digits. While Tamura et al. present information of significance, their study fails to address larger questions of digit homology and the paleontological record. First, the authors state without discussion that paleontological data indicate the loss of digits IV and V in extinct and living tetanuran theropods, but they do not mention published evidence to the contrary. Previous studies have provided morphological evidence supporting a II-III-IV identification for the three manual digits of extinct tetanuran theropods 2 . Our recent study demonstrates a decoupling of morphological features in the hands of extinct tetanuran theropods (including the earliest known birds): most metacarpal features support a II-III-IV identification and most phalangeal features support a I-II-III identification 3 . The updated paleontological data thus clearly contain two contradictory signals relating to the identification of the tetanuran manual digits. The strikingly conservative phalangeal formula of 2-3-4 seen in tetrapods has been given primacy in identifying these digits as I-II-III, overshadowing other morphological features that favor the II-III-IV identification. The significance of the latter evidence for the problem of digital identification was only recognized following the recent discovery of the unusual theropod Limusaurus, which has a vestigial digit I 3 . Second, some important embryological data have not been fully appreciated by Tamura et al., which weakens the significance of their study. Given that several recent embryological studies also support the I-II-III hypothesis 4, 5 , the authors' identification of the avian wing digits as I-II-III is not novel. Furthermore, except the embryological evidence from the primary limb axis, there are other lines of evidence supporting a II-III-Nature Precedings :
53BP1 and BRCA1 control pathway choice for stalled replication restart
2017
eLife
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DT40 cells The generation of RIF1 -/cells was described as previously by Xu D. et al (Xu et al., 2010) . ...
., 2010; Xing et al., 2015) . Moreover, we examined random integration efficiency, which mainly depends on the NHEJ pathway in DT40 cells (Escribano-Díaz et al., 2013) . ...
doi:10.7554/elife.30523
pmid:29106372
pmcid:PMC5683755
fatcat:yloo7gs5sbaqvm64yxclhlooqe
Palaeontology: Giants unearthed
2013
Nature
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in Beijing. e-mail: xu.xing@ivpp.ac.cn Giants unearthed Xu Xing revels in an enthusiast's tour of the Mesozoic era and its denizens. ...
. ■ 3 0 | N A T U R E | V O L 4 9 6 | 4 A P R I L 2 0 1 3
Xu
BOOKS & ARTS COMMENT Xing is professor in the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ...
doi:10.1038/496030a
fatcat:jfmfspjb4rho3fx2itfxehendi
MAL suppresses OSCC tumorigenesis by maintaining epithelial cell differentiation
[article]
2021
bioRxiv
pre-print
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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is widely recognized as an optimal model for precise medicine guided molecular biomarkers of cancer, however, few clinical practices were applied till now. Based on the data from our own studies and published papers, it was found that the expression of MAL was significantly decreased in epithelial cancer as compared with normal tissues, and exhibited a opposite association with pathological grade. To study the molecular events related to deficiency of MAL
doi:10.1101/2021.12.01.470749
fatcat:fr6wkd4v7jaqtd4tm4jsdjzcne
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... ng carcinogenesis, occurrence and development, a Mal knockout mouse model was constructed and consistently reproduced and bred. The Mal knockout mice are highly vulnerable to tumor induction by carcinogen of 4NQO, evidenced by their extremely earlier carcinogenesis, higher incidence, and more aggressive growth. Analysis of scRNA-seq data indicated that Mal knockout mice lost the ability in maintaining epithelial cell differentiation and get more prone to carcinogen with a remarkably higher incidence of epithelial malignancy. Further analyses identified putative co-functional genes of MAL, including DSG1, AQP3 and S100A8, which are key factors in maintaining epithelial cell differentiation. To conclude, the current study exhibits the clinical significance and explains the tumor suppressing function of MAL. The results also suggest the potential of MAL and its co-functional genes being biomarkers for designing the prevention and/or differentiation therapy strategies in OSCC.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Deposition Repaired TA15 Titanium Alloy
2018
Journal of Materials Engineering
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ｏ ｓ ｉ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎＲ ｅ ｐ ａ ｉ ｒ ｅ ｄＴＡ １ ５Ｔ ｉ ｔ ａ ｎ ｉ ｕｍ Ａ ｌ ｌ ｏ ｙ 邢如飞 １ ， 许星元 ２ ， 黄双君 ２ ， 王 磊 ２ ， 周 松 ２ ， 许 良 ２ ( １ 华晨汽车集团控股有限公司， 沈阳 １ １ ０ ８ ６ ９ ； ２ 沈阳航空航天大学 机电工程学院， 沈阳 １ １ ０ １ ３ ６ ) Ｘ Ｉ ＮＧ Ｒ ｕ ｆ ｅ ｉ １ ， ＸＵ ...
Ｘ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｙ ｕ ａ ｎ ２ ， ＨＵＡＮＧＳ ｈ ｕ ａ ｎ ｇ ｊ ｕ ｎ ２ ， ＷＡＮＧ Ｌ ｅ ｉ ２ ， ＺＨＯＵＳ ｏ ｎ ｇ ２ ， ＸＵ Ｌ ｉ ａ ｎ ｇ ２ ( １ Ｈｕ ａ ｃ ｈ ｅ ｎＡｕ ｔ ｏ ｍｏ ｔ ｉ ｖ ｅＧ ｒ ｏ ｕ ｐ Ｈｏ ｌ ｄ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｓＣ ｏ． ， Ｌ ｔ ｄ． ， Ｓ ｈ ｅ ｎ ｙ ａ ｎ ｇ１ １ ０ ８ ６ ９ ， Ｃ ...
doi:10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.000406
doaj:491a19d0e1b54a8897c7c12f91999b53
fatcat:dr4w5gvbobcvnnigxrs73ctwry
Boundary behavior of the Szegö kernel
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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We give a Hörmander-type localization principle for the Szegö kernel S_Ω(z). We also show that for each boundary point z_0, S_Ω(z)≳|z-z_0|^-1/3 holds non-tangentially for any bounded pseudoconvex domain with smooth boundary in ℂ^2.
arXiv:2106.03117v1
fatcat:wi5c6gascncongm7mb5z4tirxq
Dynamical modelling of secondary metabolism and metabolic switches in Streptomyces xiamenensis 318
2019
Royal Society Open Science
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Xu is grateful for sponsorship of renewed research extension from the Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation. ...
The buffering effect can be illustrated with the example of Xu-5-P þ E-4-P $ F-6-P þ TP, which increases/decreases its flux in the pentose phosphate pathway, depending on the reaction directions. ...
doi:10.1098/rsos.190418
pmid:31183155
pmcid:PMC6502367
fatcat:qnpg3wmpx5ayjahlpx6pcjo4ca
V-doped MgAl6O10: novel luminescence substrate for phosphor-free UV-white LEDs
2012
Chinese Optics Letters (COL)
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V-doped MgAl6O10 is grown by the conventional Czochralski method. The crystal structure and the cell parameters are analyzed through X-ray diffraction experiments. The absorption and emission spectra are investigated. Under pumping at 324 nm, the emission spectra of V-doped MgAl6O10 obtain two emission peaks at the wavelengths of 471 and 570 nm. Two emission bands of the spectra combine to produce a spectrum that is perceived as white by the naked eye. Therefore, V-doped MgAl6O10 single crystal
doi:10.3788/col201210.021601
fatcat:lcofoupckjaz3ebtdji5hpgmzi
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... can be applied as substrate for phosphor-free ultraviolet (UV)-white light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
Scales, feathers and dinosaurs
2006
Nature
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Balzani and colleagues' shuttle operates
PALAEONTOLOGY
Scales, feathers and dinosaurs
Xing Xu A fossil dinosaur that 'nests' with feathered relations in the dinosaur phylogenetic tree did not, it ...
Leigh are in the School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK. e-mail: david.leigh@ed.ac.uk
■ Xing Xu is at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology ...
doi:10.1038/440287a
pmid:16541058
fatcat:4p7unoruovgvdb3kcb4gz3eydq
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