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A dataset of ant colonies motion trajectories in indoor and outdoor scenes for social cluster behavior study
[article]
<span title="2022-04-09">2022</span>
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arXiv
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Motion and interaction of social insects (such as ants) have been studied by many researchers to understand the clustering mechanism. Most studies in the field of ant behavior have only focused on indoor environments, while outdoor environments are still underexplored. In this paper, we collect 10 videos of ant colonies from different indoor and outdoor scenes. And we develop an image sequence marking software named VisualMarkData, which enables us to provide annotations of ants in the video.
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... all 5354 frames, the location information and the identification number of each ant are recorded for a total of 712 ants and 114112 annotations. Moreover, we provide visual analysis tools to assess and validate the technical quality and reproducibility of our data. It is hoped that this dataset will contribute to a deeper exploration on the behavior of the ant colony.
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DNA Methylation, Its Mediators and Genome Integrity
<span title="">2015</span>
<i title="Ivyspring International Publisher">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/zpgcqgolfvchhhlqaksnc6iqlq" style="color: black;">International Journal of Biological Sciences</a>
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DNA methylation regulates many cellular processes, including embryonic development, transcription, chromatin structure, X-chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting and chromosome stability. DNA methyltransferases establish and maintain the presence of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), and ten-eleven translocation cytosine dioxygenases (TETs) oxidise 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), which can be removed by base excision repair (BER) proteins.
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... ltiple forms of DNA methylation are recognised by methyl-CpG binding proteins (MeCPs), which play vital roles in chromatin-based transcriptional regulation, DNA repair and replication. Accordingly, defects in DNA methylation and its mediators may cause silencing of tumour suppressor genes and misregulation of multiple cell cycles, DNA repair and chromosome stability genes, and hence contribute to genome instability in various human diseases, including cancer. Thus, understanding functional genetic mutations and aberrant expression of these DNA methylation mediators is critical to deciphering the crosstalk between concurrent genetic and epigenetic alterations in specific cancer types and to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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DailyDialog: A Manually Labelled Multi-turn Dialogue Dataset
[article]
<span title="2017-10-11">2017</span>
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arXiv
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<span class="release-stage" >pre-print</span>
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We develop a high-quality multi-turn dialog dataset, DailyDialog, which is intriguing in several aspects. The language is human-written and less noisy. The dialogues in the dataset reflect our daily communication way and cover various topics about our daily life. We also manually label the developed dataset with communication intention and emotion information. Then, we evaluate existing approaches on DailyDialog dataset and hope it benefit the research field of dialog systems.
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SCSA: a cell type annotation tool for single-cell RNA-seq data
[article]
<span title="2019-12-23">2019</span>
<i title="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory">
bioRxiv
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<span class="release-stage" >pre-print</span>
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Nat Biotechnol 36(5), 411-420. doi: 10.1038/nbt.4096. 413 Cao, Y., Wang, X., and Peng, G. (2019). ...
://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.22.886481 (Cao et al., 2019). 392 Aran, D., Looney, A.P., Liu, L., Wu, E., Fong, V., Hsu, A., et al. (2019). ...
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A Chance Constrained Information-Gap Decision Model for Multi-Period Microgrid Planning
[article]
<span title="2017-08-24">2017</span>
<i >
arXiv
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A Chance Constrained Information-Gap Decision Model for Multi-Period Microgrid Planning Xiaoyu Cao, Student Member, IEEE, Jianxue Wang, Member, IEEE, and Bo Zeng, Member, IEEE Abstract-This paper presents ...
Fig. 1 . 1 Sensitivity Analysis of Model Parameters
last, it is Xiaoyu Cao and Jianxue Wang are with the School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049 China (e-mail ...
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The Role of Metacognitive Components in Creative Thinking
<span title="2019-10-24">2019</span>
<i title="Frontiers Media SA">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/5r5ojcju2repjbmmjeu5oyawti" style="color: black;">Frontiers in Psychology</a>
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Copyright © 2019 Jia, Li and Cao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). ...
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SN-Graph: a Minimalist 3D Object Representation for Classification
[article]
<span title="2021-05-31">2021</span>
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arXiv
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Using deep learning techniques to process 3D objects has achieved many successes. However, few methods focus on the representation of 3D objects, which could be more effective for specific tasks than traditional representations, such as point clouds, voxels, and multi-view images. In this paper, we propose a Sphere Node Graph (SN-Graph) to represent 3D objects. Specifically, we extract a certain number of internal spheres (as nodes) from the signed distance field (SDF), and then establish
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... tions (as edges) among the sphere nodes to construct a graph, which is seamlessly suitable for 3D analysis using graph neural network (GNN). Experiments conducted on the ModelNet40 dataset show that when there are fewer nodes in the graph or the tested objects are rotated arbitrarily, the classification accuracy of SN-Graph is significantly higher than the state-of-the-art methods.
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Understanding the Security of Deepfake Detection
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<span title="2021-10-06">2021</span>
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arXiv
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Deepfakes pose growing challenges to the trust of information on the Internet. Thus, detecting deepfakes has attracted increasing attentions from both academia and industry. State-of-the-art deepfake detection methods consist of two key components, i.e., face extractor and face classifier, which extract the face region in an image and classify it to be real/fake, respectively. Existing studies mainly focused on improving the detection performance in non-adversarial settings, leaving security of
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... deepfake detection in adversarial settings largely unexplored. In this work, we aim to bridge the gap. In particular, we perform a systematic measurement study to understand the security of the state-of-the-art deepfake detection methods in adversarial settings. We use two large-scale public deepfakes data sources including FaceForensics++ and Facebook Deepfake Detection Challenge, where the deepfakes are fake face images; and we train state-of-the-art deepfake detection methods. These detection methods can achieve 0.94--0.99 accuracies in non-adversarial settings on these datasets. However, our measurement results uncover multiple security limitations of the deepfake detection methods in adversarial settings. First, we find that an attacker can evade a face extractor, i.e., the face extractor fails to extract the correct face regions, via adding small Gaussian noise to its deepfake images. Second, we find that a face classifier trained using deepfakes generated by one method cannot detect deepfakes generated by another method, i.e., an attacker can evade detection via generating deepfakes using a new method. Third, we find that an attacker can leverage backdoor attacks developed by the adversarial machine learning community to evade a face classifier. Our results highlight that deepfake detection should consider the adversarial nature of the problem.
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Data Poisoning Attacks to Local Differential Privacy Protocols
[article]
<span title="2020-12-09">2020</span>
<i >
arXiv
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Local Differential Privacy (LDP) protocols enable an untrusted data collector to perform privacy-preserving data analytics. In particular, each user locally perturbs its data to preserve privacy before sending it to the data collector, who aggregates the perturbed data to obtain statistics of interest. In the past several years, researchers from multiple communities -- such as security, database, and theoretical computer science -- have proposed many LDP protocols. These studies mainly focused
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... n improving the utility of the LDP protocols. However, the security of LDP protocols is largely unexplored. In this work, we aim to bridge this gap. We focus on LDP protocols for frequency estimation and heavy hitter identification, which are two basic data analytics tasks. Specifically, we show that an attacker can inject fake users into an LDP protocol and the fake users send carefully crafted data to the data collector such that the LDP protocol estimates high frequencies for arbitrary attacker-chosen items or identifies them as heavy hitters. We call our attacks data poisoning attacks. We theoretically and/or empirically show the effectiveness of our attacks. We also explore three countermeasures against our attacks. Our experimental results show that they can effectively defend against our attacks in some scenarios but have limited effectiveness in others, highlighting the needs for new defenses against our attacks.
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The Effect of Word Frequency on Judgments of Learning: Contributions of Beliefs and Processing Fluency
<span title="2016-01-06">2016</span>
<i title="Frontiers Media SA">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/5r5ojcju2repjbmmjeu5oyawti" style="color: black;">Frontiers in Psychology</a>
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Previous research has shown that word frequency affects judgments of learning (JOLs). Specifically, people give higher JOLs for high-frequency (HF) words than for lowfrequency (LF) words. However, the exact mechanism underlying this effect is largely unknown. The present study replicated and extended previous work by exploring the contributions of processing fluency and beliefs to the word frequency effect. In Experiment 1, participants studied HF and LF words and made immediate JOLs. The
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26779097">pmid:26779097</a>
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... gs showed that participants gave higher JOLs for HF words than for LF ones, reflecting the word frequency effect. In Experiment 2a (measuring the encoding fluency by using self-paced study time) and Experiment 2b (disrupting perceptual fluency by presenting words in an easy or difficult font style), we evaluated the contribution of processing fluency. The findings of Experiment 2a revealed no significant difference in self-paced study time between HF and LF words. The findings of Experiment 2b showed that the size of word frequency effect did not decrease or disappear even when presenting words in a difficult font style. In Experiment 3a (a questionnaire-based study) and Experiment 3b (making pre-study JOLs), we evaluated the role of beliefs in this word frequency effect. The results of Experiment 3a showed that participants gave higher estimates for HF as compared to LF words. That is, they estimated that hypothetical participants would better remember the HF words. The results of Experiment 3b showed that participants gave higher pre-study JOLs for HF than for LF words. These results across experiments suggested that people's beliefs, not processing fluency, contribute substantially to the word frequency effect on JOLs. However, considering the validation of the indexes reflecting the processing fluency in the current study, we cannot entirely rule out the possible contribution of processing fluency. The relative contribution of processing fluency and beliefs to word frequency effect and the theoretical implications were discussed.
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Certified Robustness for Top-k Predictions against Adversarial Perturbations via Randomized Smoothing
[article]
<span title="2019-12-20">2019</span>
<i >
arXiv
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For instance, Cao & Gong (2017) is the first to propose randomized smoothing with uniform noise as an empirical defense. ...
Randomized smoothing was first proposed as an empirical defense (Cao & Gong, 2017; Liu et al., 2018) without deriving the certified robustness guarantees. ...
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IGrow: A Smart Agriculture Solution to Autonomous Greenhouse Control
[article]
<span title="2022-03-14">2022</span>
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arXiv
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<span title="2021-07-06">2021</span>
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Acknowledgments This work was done when Xiaoyan Cao, Yao Yao, Wanpeng Zhang, and Zhicheng An worked as interns at Tencent AI Lab. ...
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Multistage Extraction of Star Anise and Black Pepper Derivatives for Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity
<span title="2021-05-14">2021</span>
<i title="Frontiers Media SA">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/r7gejflxajhbzghowl6qigukjq" style="color: black;">Frontiers in Chemistry</a>
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Recently, natural resources have attracted considerable interest for their applications in food security and human health problems. Traditional natural spices, such as star anise and black pepper, played important roles in the pharmaceutical and food industries due to their strong pharmacological activity, antioxidant potential and rare complications. In order to achieve biomasses from the natural product with multiple bioactivities, we developed the multistage extraction method to extract and
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... eparate various bioactive compounds from these natural plants. Our work demonstrated that various bioactive-rich extractives were achieved using steam distilled- or oxidative-extraction methods with high extraction yields and purity. Furthermore, the extractives in each step can be used not only as bioactive compounds, but also as a resource to further prepare different derivatives during the next extractive step, providing biomass-saving to a great extent. The extractives obtained with high yields and purities (>82%) were identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, these biomasses display potent antibacterial activities against some types of microorganisms such as S.aureus, S.pyogenes, E.coli, and S.typhi with a lowest MIC of 400 μg/ml for the development of antibacterial agents, significant antioxidant activity as the natural antioxidant for enhancing food shelf-life, and excellent anticancer activity that induces significant cancer cell apoptosis. This work showed the different multistage extracts from natural products, which enable them to be applied in the fields of the pharmaceutical industry and the food industry.
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Effects of Fu Fang Yi Mu Cao capsules combined with Yiqi Xiaoyu decoction on lochia
<span title="2021-11-15">2021</span>
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To investigate the effects of Fu Fang Yi Mu Cao (FFYMC) capsules combined with Yiqi Xiaoyu (YX) decoction on persistent lochia after birth. ...
Keywords: Fu Fang Yi Mu Cao capsules, Yiqi Xiaoyu decoction, lochia, clinical study
Introduction strictors. ...
Am J Transl Res 2021;13(11):12868-12874
www.ajtr.org /ISSN:1943-8141/AJTR0136136
Original Article
Effects of Fu Fang Yi Mu Cao capsules
combined with Yiqi Xiaoyu decoction on lochia
Liqiao Zhang1, Chunyan ...
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Weighted Constraint Iterative Algorithm for Phase Hologram Generation
<span title="2020-05-25">2020</span>
<i title="MDPI AG">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/smrngspzhzce7dy6ofycrfxbim" style="color: black;">Applied Sciences</a>
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A weighted constraint iterative algorithm is presented to calculate phase holograms with quality reconstruction. The image plane is partitioned into two regions where different constraint strategies are implemented during the iteration process. In the image plane, the signal region is constrained directly according to the amplitude distribution of the target image based on an adaptive strategy, whereas the non-signal region is constrained indirectly by total energy control of the hologram plane
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... based on the energy conservation principle. The weighted constraint strategy can improve the reconstruction quality of the phase holograms by broadening the optimizing space of the iterative algorithm, leading to effective convergence of the iteration process. Finally, numerical and optical experiments have been performed to validate the feasibility of our method.
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