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Galaxy Learning -- A Position Paper
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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The recent rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI, mainly driven by machine learning research, especially deep learning) has achieved phenomenal success in various applications. However, to further apply AI technologies in real-world context, several significant issues regarding the AI ecosystem should be addressed. We identify the main issues as data privacy, ownership, and exchange, which are difficult to be solved with the current centralized paradigm of machine learning training
arXiv:1905.00753v1
fatcat:q7wb5gcejnbc3ear5r4jmy6equ
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... thodology. As a result, we propose a novel model training paradigm based on blockchain, named Galaxy Learning, which aims to train a model with distributed data and to reserve the data ownership for their owners. In this new paradigm, encrypted models are moved around instead, and are federated once trained. Model training, as well as the communication, is achieved with blockchain and its smart contracts. Pricing of training data is determined by its contribution, and therefore it is not about the exchange of data ownership. In this position paper, we describe the motivation, paradigm, design, and challenges as well as opportunities of Galaxy Learning.
Density alteration in non-physiological cells
2011
Nature Precedings
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In present study an important phenomenon of cells was discovered: the change of intracellular density in cell's response to drug and environmental factors. For convenience this phenomenon is named as "density alteration in non-physiological cells" ( DANCE). DANCE was determined by discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation (DSGC), in which cells were separated into several bands. The number and position of the bands in DSGC varied with the change of cell culture conditions, drugs, and
doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6541.1
fatcat:5zscpld265hczignakf7m74rjq
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... l process, indicating that cell's response to these factors was associated with alteration of intracellular density. Our results showed that the bands of cells were molecularly different from each other, such as the expression of some mRNAs. For most cells tested, intracellular density usually decreased when the cells were in bad conditions, in presence of dugs, or undergoing pathological changes. However, unlike other tissue cells, brain cells showed increased intracellular density in 24 hrs after the animal death. In addition, DANCE was found to be related to drug resistance, with higher drug-resistance in cells of lower intracellular density. Further study found that DANCE also occurred in microorganisms including bacteria and fungus, suggesting that DANCE might be a sensitive and general response of cells to drugs and environmental change. The mechanisms for DANCE are not clear. Based on our study the following causes were hypothesized: change of metabolism mode, change of cell membrane function, and pathological change. DANCE could be important in medical and biological sciences. Study of DANCE might be helpful to the understanding of drug resistance, development of new drugs, separation of new subtypes from a cell population, forensic analysis, and importantly, discovery of new physiological or pathological properties of cells. In a previous study we found that RT-PCR results varied in a significantly great range. The poor repeatability of the RT-PCR results could not be explained by the standard deviation of the method. Even under same experimental conditions cells responded quite differently to a same drug. To find out if there were different cells in a cell line with different sensitivities to a drug, we tried to
n-Butyl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate
2005
Acta Crystallographica Section E
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E61, o4173-o4174 [https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536805037359] n-Butyl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate Fen-Fang Li, Xiao Feng-Ping, Long-Fei Jin and Yong-Fei Wu Bruker SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer Radiation ...
As part of our ongoing studies (Jin & Xiao, 2005) , we report here the crystal structure of the title compound, (I). The bond lengths and angles in (I) show normal values (Table 1) . ...
doi:10.1107/s1600536805037359
fatcat:afseazzzxnashji6h344bcoyci
Superfluid density and collective modes of fermion superfluid in dice lattice
2021
Scientific Reports
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AbstractThe superfluid properties of attractive Hubbard model in dice lattice are investigated. It is found that three superfluid order parameters increase as the interaction increases. When the filling factor falls into the flat band, due to the infinite large density of states, the resultant superfluid order parameters are proportional to interaction strength, which is in striking contrast with the exponentially small counterparts in usual superfluid (or superconductor). When the interaction
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93007-z
pmid:34193952
pmcid:PMC8245560
fatcat:a32jn5acbzevbk46ysd2q442yu
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... s weak, and the filling factor is near the bottom of the lowest band (or the top of highest band), the superfluid density is determined by the effective mass of the lowest (or highest) single-particle band. When the interaction is strong and filling factor is small, the superfluid density is inversely proportional to interaction strength, which is related to effective mass of tightly bound pairs. In the strong interaction limit and finite filling, the asymptotic behaviors of superfluid density can be captured by a parabolic function of filling factor. Furthermore, when the filling is in flat band, the superfluid density shows a logarithmic singularity as the interaction approaches zero. In addition, there exist three undamped collective modes for strong interactions. The lowest excitation is gapless phonon, which is characterized by the total density oscillations. The two others are gapped Leggett modes, which correspond relative density fluctuations between sublattices. The collective modes are also reflected in the two-particle spectral functions by sharp peaks. Furthermore, it is found that the two-particle spectral functions satisfy an exact sum-rule, which is directly related to the filling factor (or density of particle). The sum-rule of the spectral functions may be useful to distinguish between the hole-doped and particle-doped superfluid (superconductor) in experiments.
Cross-View Image Synthesis with Deformable Convolution and Attention Mechanism
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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Learning to generate natural scenes has always been a daunting task in computer vision. This is even more laborious when generating images with very different views. When the views are very different, the view fields have little overlap or objects are occluded, leading the task very challenging. In this paper, we propose to use Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs) based on a deformable convolution and attention mechanism to solve the problem of cross-view image synthesis (see Fig.1). It is
arXiv:2007.09858v1
fatcat:yfcggqaq75cdfco26w6caxgqza
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... icult to understand and transform scenes appearance and semantic information from another view, thus we use deformed convolution in the U-net network to improve the network's ability to extract features of objects at different scales. Moreover, to better learn the correspondence between images from different views, we apply an attention mechanism to refine the intermediate feature map thus generating more realistic images. A large number of experiments on different size images on the Dayton dataset[1] show that our model can produce better results than state-of-the-art methods.
Developments in Taste-Masking Techniques for Traditional Chinese Medicines
2018
Pharmaceutics
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A variety of pharmacologically active substances, including chemotherapeutic drugs and the substances from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), always exhibit potent bioactivities after oral administration. However, their unpleasant taste (such as bitterness) and/or odor always decrease patient compliance and thus compromise their curative efficacies in clinical application. Therefore, the developments of taste-masking techniques are of great significance in improving their organoleptic
doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics10030157
pmid:30213035
pmcid:PMC6161181
fatcat:j6jgzubpcjgszasqsrnxllnfmu
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... s. However, though a variety of taste-masking techniques have been successfully used to mask the unpalatable taste of chemotherapeutic drugs, their suitability for TCM substances is relatively limited. This is mainly due to the fact that the bitter ingredients existing in multicomponent TCM systems (i.e., effective fractions, single Chinese herbs, and compound preparations) are always unclear, and thus, there is lack of tailor-made taste-masking techniques to be utilized to conceal their unpleasant taste. The relevant studies are also relatively limited. As a whole, three types of taste-masking techniques are generally applied to TCM, including (i) functional masking via sweeteners, bitter blockers, and taste modifiers; (ii) physical masking via polymer film-coating or lipid barrier systems; and (iii) biochemical masking via intermolecular interaction, β-cyclodextrin inclusion, or ion-exchange resins. This review fully summarizes the results reported in this field with the purpose of providing an informative reference for relevant readers.
Obstacles and Countermeasures of College Students' English Reading
2017
DEStech Transactions on Social Science Education and Human Science
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Chinese college students have some obstacles in English reading. Based on the analysis of the performance of Chinese college students' English reading obstacles, this paper puts forward some effective measures to solve the problems of English reading barriers.
doi:10.12783/dtssehs/iced2017/15098
fatcat:c476ryffrnc4df7afx5f3flz44
COVID-19 in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
2020
American Society of Nephrology. Clinical Journal
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Ongoing green peafowl protection in China
2019
Zoological Research
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However, China's ambitious Ecological Civilization Plan (UNEP, 2016; Xiao & Zhao, 2017) brings new hope for the conservation of the green peafowl and the other threatened species and ecosystems in the ...
doi:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.069
pmid:31592586
fatcat:6gofyyxacfh2rlym74pjkn3p3e
Development of energy saving and rapid temperature control technology for intelligent greenhouses
2021
IEEE Access
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Macrolactins: biological activity and biosynthesis
2020
Marine Life Science & Technology
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Compound 34 displays inhibitory activities toward a broad spectrum of food pathogenic bacteria, including Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio parahemolyticus ATCC 17802 * Fei Xiao
xiaofei3450@ouc.edu.cn
* ...
doi:10.1007/s42995-020-00068-6
fatcat:dxw7qdqekvg6bbhox6ink4jcxe
On PPT States in KxMxN Composite Quantum Systems
[article]
2005
arXiv
pre-print
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We study the general representations of positive partial transpose (PPT) states in C^K ⊗ C^M ⊗ C^N. For the PPT states with rank-N a canonical form is obtained, from which a sufficient separability condition is presented.
arXiv:quant-ph/0501023v1
fatcat:qtfgq2uaufephikhbnftre5hri
Role of Interleukin-22 in liver diseases
2014
Inflammation Research
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Introduction Interleukin (IL)-22, originally referred to as IL-TIF for IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor, is a member of the IL-10-like cytokine family. IL-22 is highly expressed by Th17 cells and is tightly linked to chronic inflammation, including inflammatory bowel disease and local intestinal inflammation among others. Materials and methods A PubMed and Web of Science databases search was performed for studies providing evidences on the role of IL-22 in liver diseases.
doi:10.1007/s00011-014-0727-3
pmid:24623532
pmcid:PMC4050291
fatcat:v2d3ifnlinbsbetaqlzbobauqq
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... IL-22 plays an important role in ameliorating liver injury in many rodent models by targeting hepatocytes that express high levels of IL-22 receptor 1 and IL-10 receptor 2. This review concisely summarizes the role of IL-22 in the development progression of liver disease of different etiologies. It is focused mainly on the IL-22 intracellular signaling and its influence on liver diseases.
Graph-Theoretic Spatiotemporal Context Modeling for Video Saliency Detection
[article]
2017
arXiv
pre-print
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As an important and challenging problem in computer vision, video saliency detection is typically cast as a spatiotemporal context modeling problem over consecutive frames. As a result, a key issue in video saliency detection is how to effectively capture the intrinsical properties of atomic video structures as well as their associated contextual interactions along the spatial and temporal dimensions. Motivated by this observation, we propose a graph-theoretic video saliency detection approach
arXiv:1707.07815v1
fatcat:yyqicwunufhkbmdfuhd547dzae
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... ased on adaptive video structure discovery, which is carried out within a spatiotemporal atomic graph. Through graph-based manifold propagation, the proposed approach is capable of effectively modeling the semantically contextual interactions among atomic video structures for saliency detection while preserving spatial smoothness and temporal consistency. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach over several benchmark datasets.
Sensitivity study of r-process abundances to nuclear masses
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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The impact of nuclear mass uncertainties on the r-process abundances has been systematically studied with the classical r-process model by varying the mass of every individual nucleus in the range of ±0.1 to ±3.0 MeV based on six different mass models. A new quantitative relation between the uncertainties of r-process abundances and those of the nuclear masses is extracted, i.e., a mass uncertainty of ±0.5MeV would lead to an abundance uncertainty of a factor around 2.5. It is found that this conclusion holds true for various mass models.
arXiv:2105.10218v1
fatcat:akovagoovnatpbd7afbkuruow4
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