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Osthole prevents tamoxifen-induced liver injury in mice
2018
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica
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Tamoxifen (TMX) is an antiestrogen drug that is used in the treatment and prevention of all stages of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. Adverse effects of TMX include hepatotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of osthole, isolated from medicinal plants especially Fructus Cnidii, on TMX-induced acute liver injury in mice. Mice were injected with osthole (100 mg/kg, ip) or vehicle, followed by TMX (90 mg/kg, ip) 24 h later. We showed that a single injection of
doi:10.1038/s41401-018-0171-y
pmid:30315252
fatcat:jnrzjeqlvfbvfkr55bsfd25d5m
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... ed liver injury and oxidative stress. Pretreatment with osthole attenuated TMX-induced liver injury evidenced by dose-dependent reduction of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Pretreatment with osthole also blunted TMX-induced oxidative stress, evidenced by significant increase of reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Consistently, osthole significantly enhanced the expressions of antioxidant genes (GPX1, SOD2, GCL-c, and G6pdh), but suppressed those of pro-oxidant genes (NOX2 and ACOX). Furthermore, osthole inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines, reduced the metabolic activation of TMX, and promoted its clearance. We further revealed that osthole elevated hepatic cAMP and cGMP levels, but inhibition of PKA or PKG failed to abolish the hepatoprotective effect of osthole. Meanwhile, prominent phosphorylation of p38 was observed in liver in response to TMX, which was significantly inhibited by osthole. Pretreatment with SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, significantly attenuated TMX-induced increase of ALT and AST activities, reduced oxidative stress, and reversed the alterations of gene expression caused by TMX. Moreover, pretreatment with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, partly reversed the effect of osthole on TMX-induced liver injury. Consistently, pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated TMX-induced increase in ALT and AST activities. Notably, both BSO and NAC had no detectable effect on the phosphorylation levels of p38. Collectively, our results suggest that osthole prevents TMX hepatotoxicity by suppressing p38 activation and subsequently reducing TMX-induced oxidative damage.
Synthesis of Poly-L-lysine and Its Structural Response to Environmental pH
2013
Youji huaxue
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Using L-lysine as raw material, Polylysine (PLL) was synthesized through four steps. The structures of intermediums and the final product were confirmed by IR and 1 H NMR. Furthermore, some key synthetic steps were optimized in the process. On the basis, response ability to environmental pH of PLL structures was investigated by SEM and circular dichroism spectra. Experimental results indicated that polypeptide structure of PLL has good response ability to pH of environment. Under different pH
doi:10.6023/cjoc201301066
fatcat:ii3rh6b2dveq7onurksbyiyg5i
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... nditions, distinct morphology was formed. Under acidic conditions, PLL presented a specific coil conformation, whereas orderly pine needle was observed under alkaline conditions.
Fast and Accurate Neural Word Segmentation for Chinese
[article]
2017
arXiv
pre-print
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Figure 2 : 2 The difference between (Cai and Zhao, 2016) (left) and our model (right).
Figure 3 : 3 The effect of different beam sizes.
Table 1 : 1 Data statistics. ...
Unlike most previous works, which extract features within a fixed sized sliding window, Cai and Zhao (2016) proposed a direct segmentation framework that extends the feature window to cover complete ...
arXiv:1704.07047v1
fatcat:w72f3wstn5eurkrketlb4vpl6y
Multi beam hybrid heterodyne interferometry based phase enhancement technology
2020
Wuli xuebao
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Frequency locking of fiber laser to 1530.58 nm NH3 sub-Doppler saturation spectrum based on noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy technique
doi:10.7498/aps.69.20200281
fatcat:fl7r4klebvb7laawlakexmkosy
Osthole prevents acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice
2017
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica
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. # P<0.05, ## P<0.01 compared to APAP. www.chinaphar.com Cai Y et al Acta Pharmacologica Sinicaagainst APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was not mediated by the cAMP/PKA pathway, and therefore this effect should ...
Data are expressed as the mean±SEM. n=4-6 mice per group. * P<0.05 compared to control and # P<0.05 compared to APAP. www.chinaphar.com Cai Y et al Acta Pharmacologica Sinica induced by osthole were related ...
doi:10.1038/aps.2017.129
pmid:29022574
fatcat:axopo6psa5gz3hgxlvcclddu6u
Scedosporium Apiospermum Infection after Near-drowning
2015
Chinese Medical Journal
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Excitable Greenberg-Hastings cellular automaton model on scale-free networks
[article]
2007
arXiv
pre-print
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We study the excitable Greenberg-Hastings cellular automaton model on scale-free networks. We obtained analytical expressions for no external stimulus and the uncoupled case. It is found that the curves, the average activity F versus the external stimulus rate r, can be fitted by a Hill function, but not exactly, and there exists a relation F∝ r^α for the low-stimulus response, where Stevens-Hill exponent α ranges from α = 1 in the subcritical regime to α = 0.5 at criticality. At the critical
arXiv:cond-mat/0701248v1
fatcat:spkbzjfc3zbb7conagclhekwp4
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... int, the range reaches the maximal. We also calculate the average activity F^k(r) and the dynamic range Δ^k(p) for nodes with given connectivity k. It is interesting that nodes with larger connectivity have larger optimal range, which could be applied in biological experiments to reveal the network topology.
Reconfigurable metasurfaces that enable light polarization control by light
2016
Light: Science & Applications
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Plasmonic metasurfaces have recently attracted much attention because of their novel characteristics with respect to light polarization and wave front control on deep-subwavelength scales. The development of metasurfaces with reconfigurable optical responses is opening new opportunities in high-capacity communications, real-time holograms and adaptive optics. Such tunable devices have been developed in the mid-infrared spectral range and operated in light intensity modulation schemes. Here we
doi:10.1038/lsa.2016.254
pmid:30167257
fatcat:p4tl34kivvfijmfbafddmcv5rm
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... esent a novel optically reconfigurable hybrid metasurface that enables polarization tuning at optical frequencies. The functionality of tuning is realized by switching the coupling conditions between the plasmonic modes and the binary isomeric states of an ethyl red switching layer upon light stimulation. We achieved more than 20°nonlinear changes in the transmitted polarization azimuth using just 4 mW of switching light power. Such design schemes and principles could be easily applied to dynamically adjust the functionalities of other metasurfaces.
Tolerability and outcomes of radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer in elderly patients aged 70 years and older
2013
Radiation Oncology
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Purpose: To assess the safety and outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in elderly patients (≥70) with rectal cancer. Methods: Elderly patients aged 70 and older with rectal cancer, who were treated with RT or CRT at a single institution, were retrospectively analyzed. Performance status (KPS and ECOG score) and comorbidity (Charlson comorbidity index) were calculated, and their correlation with treatment toxicity and overall survival were studied. Risk factors for overall
doi:10.1186/1748-717x-8-86
pmid:23574985
pmcid:PMC3641029
fatcat:vdi3n2a365afvhqfomuunslpnu
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... vival were investigated using univariate and multivariate survival analysis. Results: A total of 126 patients with locally advanced disease, local recurrence or synchronous metastasis were included, with a 3-year OS rate of 48.1%. Scheduled dosage of radiation was delivered to 69% of patients. Grade 3 toxicities occurred more often in patients treated with CRT versus RT. The occurrence of grade 3 toxicities was not related to KPS score, ECOG score, number of comorbidities, and Charlson score. Multivariate analysis found that only age and Charlson score were independent prognostic factors for predicting patients' 3-year OS. The 3-year OS rate was significantly higher in patients with Charlson score <4 vs Charlson score ≥4 (71.1% vs. 26.4%, P=0.0003). Conclusions: Although toxicities may be significant, elderly patients with rectal cancer of varied stages can be safely treated with RT or CRT with careful monitoring and frequent modification of treatment. Except for patients' age, Charlson comorbidity index may be helpful in assessing patients' outcomes in elderly patients with rectal cancer.
Tetramethylpyrazine Inhibits Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells through Hedgehog Signaling Pathways In Vitro
2015
BioMed Research International
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and Aim. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a major alkaloid isolated fromLigusticum chuanxiong, has been reported in hepatic fibrosis models. However, the action mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) against hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation as well as the possible mechanisms were evaluated.Methods. Western blot assay was used to detect TMP effects on protein expression of Smo, Patched, Hhip, and Gli and to investigate the effects of TMP on Cyclin
doi:10.1155/2015/603067
pmid:26380286
pmcid:PMC4561306
fatcat:yq5ijkhr7rfztnzh27n2mqkg6q
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... , Cyclin E1, CDK2, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase expression with cyclopamine supplementation.Results. Our results showed that TMP significantly inhibits the expression of Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, and Cyclin-dependent kinase CDK2 and changes the HSC cycle by inhibiting the proliferation of HSC. Moreover, TMP has also been shown to decrease the expression of Bcl-2 and increase the expression of Bax in HSC-T6 cells. Furthermore, TMP can inhibit the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and the inhibitory effect was intensified after the application of joint treatment with TMP and cyclopamine.Conclusion. TMP may be an effective Hh signaling pathway inhibitor for hepatic fibrosis treatment.
MAVS recruits multiple ubiquitin E3 ligases to activate antiviral signaling cascades
2013
eLife
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., 2006; Wu et al., 2006; Zhao et al., 2007; Zeng et al., 2009) . ...
NEMO contains two ubiquitin binding domains, a NEMO-ubiquitin binding (NUB; also known as UBAN) domain and a C-terminal zinc finger domain (Ea et al., 2006; Wu et al., 2006; Laplantine et al., 2009) . ...
doi:10.7554/elife.00785
pmid:23951545
pmcid:PMC3743401
fatcat:3rbu7bztufcdvbn4q6y7kmzog4
Walks on Weighted Networks
2007
Chinese Physics Letters
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2006 accepted arXiv:cond-mat/0601061v2 fatcat:36s4zqccynarfkrfxc2kdozckaOther Versions
We investigate the dynamics of random walks on weighted networks. Assuming that the edge's weight and the node's strength are used as local information by a random walker, we study two kinds of walks, weight-dependent walk and strength-dependent walk. Exact expressions for stationary distribution and average return time are derived and confirmed by computer simulations. We calculate the distribution of average return time and the mean-square displacement for two walks on the BBV networks, and
doi:10.1088/0256-307x/24/2/077
fatcat:bsuld665bveufnv2geqxrcaxui
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... nd that a weight-dependent walker can arrive at a new territory more easily than a strength-dependent one.
Feature Learning with Gaussian Restricted Boltzmann Machine for Robust Speech Recognition
[article]
2013
arXiv
pre-print
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In this paper, we first present a new variant of Gaussian restricted Boltzmann machine (GRBM) called multivariate Gaussian restricted Boltzmann machine (MGRBM), with its definition and learning algorithm. Then we propose using a learned GRBM or MGRBM to extract better features for robust speech recognition. Our experiments on Aurora2 show that both GRBM-extracted and MGRBM-extracted feature performs much better than Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) with either HMM-GMM or hybrid
arXiv:1309.6176v1
fatcat:7rkkqrmcljdxhgnkjth7jtwgju
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... neural network (DNN) acoustic model, and MGRBM-extracted feature is slightly better.
Impact of metal oxide nanoparticles on in vitro DNA amplification
2019
PeerJ
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Shan Wu performed the experiments, approved the final draft. Yuexing Xin performed the experiments, approved the final draft. ...
Peng Cai conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, authored or reviewed drafts of the paper, approved the final draft. ...
doi:10.7717/peerj.7228
pmid:31293839
pmcid:PMC6599668
fatcat:y6ezkrxc4ffbppszfkckruas34
New Frontiers in Molecular Imaging Using Peptide-Based Radiopharmaceuticals for Prostate Cancer
2020
Frontiers in Chemistry
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The high incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) increases the need for progress in its diagnosis, staging, and precise treatment. The overexpression of tumor-specific receptors for peptides in human cancer cells, such as gastrin-releasing peptide receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor, and somatostatin receptor, has indicated the ideal molecular basis for targeted imaging and therapy. Targeting these receptors using radiolabeled peptides and analogs have been an essential topic on the current
doi:10.3389/fchem.2020.583309
pmid:33335885
pmcid:PMC7736158
fatcat:xkhnv4ymnzccjplnsv6sxke7mq
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... ont of PCa studies. Radiolabeled peptides have been used to target receptors for molecular imaging in human PCa with high affinity and specificity. The radiolabeled peptides enable optimal quick elimination from blood and normal tissues, producing high contrast for positron emission computed tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography imaging with high tumor-to-normal tissue uptake ratios. Owing to their successful application in visualization, peptide derivatives with therapeutic radionuclides for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in PCa have been explored in recent years. These developments offer the promise of personalized, molecular medicine for individual patients. Hence, we review the preclinical and clinical literature in the past 20 years and focus on the newer developments of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of PCa.
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