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What Do We Want From Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)? – A Stakeholder Perspective on XAI and a Conceptual Model Guiding Interdisciplinary XAI Research
[article]
2021
pre-print
Preserved Fulltext
This model can serve researchers from the variety of different disciplines involved in XAI as a common ground. ...
Previous research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) suggests that a main aim of explainability approaches is to satisfy specific interests, goals, expectations, needs, and demands regarding ...
We hope that this model inspires and guides future interdisciplinary evaluation and development of explainability approaches and, thereby, further advances XAI research concerning the satisfaction of stakeholders ...
doi:10.1016/j.artint.2021.103473
arXiv:2102.07817v1
fatcat:rim6idjyz5e7rc7r7efaybmsnm
The Pragmatic Turn in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
2019
Minds and Machines
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2020 pre-print arXiv:2002.09595v1 fatcat:6ggvaqpwpfdophoook6my7lv4e
Aside from providing a clearer objective for XAI, focusing on understanding also allows us to relax the factivity condition on explanation, which is impossible to fulfill in many machine learning models ...
, and to focus instead on the pragmatic conditions that determine the best fit between a model and the methods and devices deployed to understand it. ...
Introduction The main goal of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has been variously described as a search for explainability, transparency and interpretability, for ways of validating the decision ...
doi:10.1007/s11023-019-09502-w
fatcat:4h4pyhwocbdvfcm6cnk5pn7aaa
Current Challenges and Future Opportunities for XAI in Machine Learning-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems: A Systematic Review
2021
Applied Sciences
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We propose some guidelines for the implementation of XAI in CDSS and explore some opportunities, challenges, and future research needs. ...
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence (AI) more broadly have great immediate and future potential for transforming almost all aspects of medicine. ...
Similarly, there is little discussion on the impact of XAI on patients from the patients perspective. These are areas that will benefit from future research. ...
doi:10.3390/app11115088
fatcat:rtawp4nsunh7zjr66atz7x63r4
A Comprehensive Taxonomy for Explainable Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Survey of Surveys on Methods and Concepts
[article]
2022
arXiv
pre-print
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In the meantime, a wide variety of terminologies, motivations, approaches, and evaluation criteria have been developed within the research field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). ...
In a structured literature analysis and meta-study, we identified and reviewed more than 50 of the most cited and current surveys on XAI methods, metrics, and method traits. ...
We would like to thank Christian Hellert as well as the anonymous reviewers for their detailed and valuable feedback. ...
arXiv:2105.07190v3
fatcat:zy7vl6o4gzcbrpqkrxeyazyeuq
Questioning the AI: Informing Design Practices for Explainable AI User Experiences
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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A surge of interest in explainable AI (XAI) has led to a vast collection of algorithmic work on the topic. ...
To do so, we develop an algorithm-informed XAI question bank in which user needs for explainability are represented as prototypical questions users might ask about the AI, and use it as a study probe. ...
Zhang, and anonymous CHI 2020 reviewers for their helpful feedback. ...
arXiv:2001.02478v1
fatcat:3cm2yzgjrfgxtdcuwx2qfgbkua
Explanation as a social practice: Toward a conceptual framework for the social design of AI systems
2020
IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems
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Building on explanations being a social practice, we present a conceptual framework that aims to guide future research in XAI. ...
We relate our conceptual framework and our new perspective on explaining to transparency and autonomy as objectives considered for XAI. ...
We further assume that ER has a model of what she or he intends to explain to EE-that is, a model of what EE needs to understand. ...
doi:10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366
fatcat:khrpo6jwljennjj6ucyefqbpwy
Human-Centred Artificial Intelligence for Designing Accessible Cultural Heritage
2021
Applied Sciences
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From the literature review analysis, we articulate a conceptual framework that incorporates key elements that constitute museum and cultural heritage online experiences and how these elements are related ...
artificial intelligence (AI) developments can be used for this aim, i.e. ...
Acknowledgments: We thank Juan Jesús Pleguezuelos for the motivating testimonies, and Pranav Agarwal, Siham Tabik, Francisco Herrera, Alberto Castillo Lamas, Mario Romero, Serena Ivaldi and Paris Cité ...
doi:10.3390/app11020870
fatcat:ny5szod52bd4vkcv74pwbfsv54
One Explanation Does Not Fit All
2020
Künstliche Intelligenz
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While a variety of interpretability and explainability methods is available, none of them is a panacea that can satisfy all diverse expectations and competing objectives that might be required by the parties ...
Whenever black-box algorithmic predictions influence human affairs, the inner workings of these algorithms should be scrutinised and their decisions explained to the relevant stakeholders, including the ...
consisting of both domain experts, approached during the 27 th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2018), and a lay audience, approached during a local "Research without Borders ...
doi:10.1007/s13218-020-00637-y
fatcat:2ix5nv5x75f5ji7xwfyan6maf4
Reporting on Decision-Making Algorithms and some Related Ethical Questions
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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In this paper, we focus on how companies report on risks and ethical issues related to the increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). We explain some of these risks and potential issues. ...
Next, we identify some recent initiatives by various stakeholders to define a global ethical framework for AI. ...
The DARPA XAI Programme In 2016, the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has launched a new programme called Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) [4] . ...
arXiv:1911.05731v1
fatcat:qf5knbnal5ayvl323rfbl2yt4y
Towards Transparency by Design for Artificial Intelligence
2020
Science and Engineering Ethics
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With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and the ability of AI systems to make automated and self-learned decisions, a call for transparency of how such systems reach decisions has echoed within academic ...
Finally, we propose a set of nine principles to cover relevant contextual, technical, informational, and stakeholder-sensitive considerations. ...
paper on artificial intelligence (2020). ...
doi:10.1007/s11948-020-00276-4
pmid:33196975
fatcat:xl6o3tcxxrd5zhzr37k4oqpicy
Towards Moral Autonomous Systems
[article]
2017
arXiv
pre-print
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We them consider different approaches towards the conceptual design of autonomous systems and their implications on the ethics implementation in such systems. ...
Then we examine problematic areas regarding the specification and verification of ethical behavior in autonomous systems, particularly with a view towards the requirements of future legislation. ...
What do we want the system to do? A key problem is specifying what our expectations of an AI system are. ...
arXiv:1703.04741v3
fatcat:zsen727f3ngspbzzsi62w52ipy
Human-AI Collaboration in Data Science
2019
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
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2019 pre-print arXiv:1909.02309v1 fatcat:65pkv56x2vdztiue2fcy7nga4y
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing our lives in many ways. One application domain is data science. ...
AutoAI systems are capable of autonomously ingesting and pre-processing data, engineering new features, and creating and scoring models based on a target objectives (e.g. accuracy or run-time efficiency ...
Data scientists often integrate a wide range of skills from domains including mathematics and statistics, machine learning and artificial intelligence, databases and cloud computing, and data visualization ...
doi:10.1145/3359313
fatcat:slieqtiphjbxnlrz5h2dq3gcau
Promoting Ethical Awareness in Communication Analysis: Investigating Potentials and Limits of Visual Analytics for Intelligence Applications
[article]
2022
arXiv
pre-print
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2022 accepted doi:10.1145/3531146.3533151 arXiv:2203.09859v2 fatcat:vyikmse3zffhfpu5quc46x2zf4
In this interdisciplinary work, a joint endeavor of computer scientists, ethicists, and scholars in Science & Technology Studies, we investigate and evaluate opportunities and risks involved in using Visual ...
We show that finding Visual Analytics design solutions for ethical issues is not a mere optimization task, but balancing out and negotiating these trade-offs has, as we argue, to be an integral aspect ...
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors acknowledge the financial support by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany (BMBF) in the framework of PEGASUS under the program "Forschung für die zivile ...
arXiv:2203.09859v1
fatcat:xvn5zxix25al7i6u23n4d7zvmm
Ensuring patient and public involvement in the transition to AI‐assisted mental health care: A systematic scoping review and agenda for design justice
2021
Health Expectations
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Machine-learning algorithms and big data analytics, popularly known as 'artificial intelligence' (AI), are being developed and taken up globally. ...
(reference and citation tracking); (iii) grey literature; and (iv) inductive thematic analysis, tested at a workshop with health researchers. ...
Artificial intelligence approaches to predicting and detecting cognitive decline in older adults: a conceptual review. ...
doi:10.1111/hex.13299
pmid:34118185
fatcat:i64ljjahnrdkrl3d3ynewbezcu
Towards Designing Explainable Constraint-based Expert Systems
2021
Zenodo
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The importance of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is well established. ...
Nevertheless, current XAI approaches lack stakeholder-centricity and do not take into account insights from the social sciences. ...
A Stakeholder Perspective on XAI and a Conceptual Model Guiding Interdisciplinary XAI Research by Langer et al. (2021) . ...
doi:10.5281/zenodo.5634104
fatcat:4zp5hw3j6ndnxa5szwoz6gdxti
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