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Kinematical Comparison of the 200 m Backstroke Turns between National and Regional Level Swimmers
2013
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
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National level swimmers maintained similar "turn times" over the event and increased "underwater velocity" and "normalized underwater velocity" in the last (seventh) turn segment, whereas regional level ...
Key PointsThe underwater turn velocity is as a critical variable related to the swimmers' level of skill in a 200 m backstroke event.Best swimmers perform faster but no longer turn segments during a 200 ...
It could be possible that swimmers extended the turn segment according to their underwater skills and, therefore, it could not be accurate to estimate the same "underwater distance" (i.e. 7.5 m) for all ...
pmid:24421733
pmcid:PMC3873664
fatcat:tc6wjafaa5dlpisziwszevq7ru
Comparing three underwater trajectories of the swimming start
2015
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
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In order to assess this, 10 dive trials were analysed using a variety of combinations of anatomical landmarks to allow for determination of the 2D CoG of each body segment. ...
The underwater phase of the swimming start has been found to be the most important factor in determining overall start performance. ...
the swimmer throughout the underwater phase of a swimming start. ...
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.10.005
pmid:25455956
fatcat:ikwyo2r7nfgyxe43zyqioxccrq
Start and Turn Performances of Competitive Swimmers in Sprint Butterfly Swimming
2020
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
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Swimmers had larger vxhead at the beginning of the segment and during the first kick in the start than in turn segment (p < 0.001). ...
Results also highlighted the importance of the different parts within the underwater segment in each segment. ...
In such a case, swimmers should spend longer time underwater in the start than turn segment to reach the same breakout velocity. ...
pmid:33239947
pmcid:PMC7675631
fatcat:kdpbdyf7xbd7vl6zvydww5ptri
Comparison of starts and turns of national and regional level swimmers by individualized-distance measurements
2014
Sports Biomechanics
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The aim of this study was to compare the race characteristics of the start and turn segments of national and regional level swimmers. ...
Higher level swimmers also travelled for longer start and turn distances but only in the race segments where the gain of speed was high. ...
Correlation analyses have demonstrated that the underwater subsection has the greatest influence on the start segment Pereira, Ruschel, & Araujo 2006) , and swimmers should aim to maximize the velocity ...
doi:10.1080/14763141.2014.910265
pmid:25325772
fatcat:txxuydjl3jfqle2cwwkinnihze
Comparison of Starts and Turns between Individual and Relay Swimming Races
2021
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The present study investigated swimmers' performances on the starting and turning segments between individual and relay races. ...
These results suggest that specific training of the starting and turning segments should be performed under relay conditions to optimise pacing and performance in the underwater sections. ...
In the turning segment, monitored parameters were defined as: turn underwater distance (horizontal distance between the turning wall and where the swimmer's head resurfaces from underwater); turn underwater ...
doi:10.3390/ijerph18094740
pmid:33946789
fatcat:f5cmkkxifvftxkllfql743crqm
Effects of Extended Underwater Sections on the Physiological and Biomechanical Parameters of Competitive Swimmers
2022
Frontiers in Physiology
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Controlled increases of underwater sections in trained swimmers can led to optimizing performance in these race segments despite small increases of perceived discomfort. ...
)] and biomechanical (underwater time, distance, and velocity) parameters of competitive swimmers. ...
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors would like to acknowledge swimmers and coaches participants in the experiment for their valuable effort and collaboration. ...
doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.815766
pmid:35177993
pmcid:PMC8845443
fatcat:urnnapg6a5aapoamkjmezdkq4y
High-Level Swimmers' Kinetic Efficiency during the Underwater Phase of a Grab Start
2010
Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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The purpose of the present work was to study swimmers' efficiency during the underwater phase of the grab start. Eight high-level swimmers participated in this study. ...
Swimmers began underwater leg propulsion 1.69 m too soon. The global and internal energies were significantly higher for the start with underwater leg propulsion. ...
., 1994) : E E E g E g : global kinetic energy E i : internal kinetic energy E e : external kinetic energy I i : Segment mass moment of inertia ω i : Segment transversal rotation velocity m i : Segment ...
doi:10.1123/jab.26.4.501
fatcat:fpm6fu364vf2jeulgejybbqeru
Race Analysis in Competitive Swimming: A Narrative Review
2020
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Most studies divided the race into the start, clean swimming, turn, and/or finish segments; however, the definition of each segment varied, especially for the turn. ...
The number of studies examining races for short course, junior and Paralympic swimmers were also very limited. ...
., the permission of exerting one dolphin kick during the breaststroke underwater segment. ...
doi:10.3390/ijerph18010069
pmid:33374118
fatcat:r4lnqqlreba25j5oswh5ilzbbe
Search for indicators that determine the effectiveness of overcoming acyclic sections at 50, 100 and 200 meters in freestyle swimming
Поиск показателей, определяющих эффективность преодоления ациклических участков на дистанциях 50, 100 и 200 метров в плавании вольным стилем
2018
Slobožansʹkij Naukovo-Sportivnij Vìsnik
Поиск показателей, определяющих эффективность преодоления ациклических участков на дистанциях 50, 100 и 200 метров в плавании вольным стилем
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The degree of correlation relationship between time, speed and distance for the underwater phase for the speed of passage of various segments of distance is revealed. ...
Conclusion: improvement of starting and turning techniques, due to the increase in speed and distance of the underwater phase, is one of the reserves for the further growth of the skill of swimmers who ...
The speed of overcoming of 15-meter segments of swimmers has a high dependence on the length of the "exit". ...
doi:10.15391/snsv.2018-5.008
fatcat:3qn43kuwurbczj2sg7nodfx66e
Symmetry in the front crawl stroke of different skill level of able-bodied and disabled swimmers
2020
PLoS ONE
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and disabled swimmers. ...
they were recorded by six synchronized cameras (four underwater and two above water) for analysis of the stroke phases, stroke dimensions (anteroposterior, mediolateral and vertical amplitude), index ...
Acknowledgments The authors thank coaches and swimmers for their collaboration and participation in this research.
Author Contributions ...
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0229918
pmid:32191707
fatcat:3sbhn3sx6jct7hkknrswzmliiu
How Should the Transition from Underwater to Surface Swimming Be Performed by Competitive Swimmers?
2020
Applied Sciences
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Despite the increasing importance of the underwater segment of start and turns in competition and its positive influence on the subsequent surface swimming, there is no evidence on how the transition from ...
underwater to surface swimming should be performed. ...
Table 1 . 1 Segmental kinematics-mean (standard deviation)-of competitive swimmers when transiting from underwater to surface swimming in all four strokes. ...
doi:10.3390/app11010122
fatcat:pkrlgbsefzgsvlupwripsaehp4
Using image processing for biomechanics measures in swimming
2012
Procedia Engineering
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Underwater video analysis is common in elite level swimming for stroke correction, technique analysis and as a visual aid to support coaches and athletes. ...
Thus we address the problems of detection, segmentation and estimation of body configuration using several image processing algorithms. ...
The camera must be drawn underwater with a variable speed accordingly to the velocity of the swimmer. ...
doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.04.138
fatcat:htbvzm34ofe2herfe4fhoqlb44
Influence of Angles of Attack, Frequency and Kick Amplitude on Swimmer's Horizontal Velocity during Underwater Phase of a Grab Start
2013
Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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A three-dimensional analysis of the underwater phase of ten swimmers of national level was conducted. ...
Kinematics variables that swimmers have to take into account to improve their underwater phase of starts are unknown. ...
All these specific conditions can't be easily estimated during the start underwater phase because of the velocity decrease of the swimmer, as well as the modification of the swimmers' segment orientation ...
doi:10.1123/jab.29.1.49
fatcat:cjzfu6trfrewzlsyk4oddyfomm
The key kinematic determinants of undulatory underwater swimming at maximal velocity
2015
Journal of Sports Sciences
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Kinematic data at maximal undulatory underwater swimming velocity were collected from 17 skilled swimmers. ...
The optimisation of undulatory underwater swimming is highly important in competitive swimming performance. ...
Each trial consisted of the swimmer starting from point A (Figure 1 ) at the left end of the pool, pushing off the wall and swimming underwater using undulatory underwater swimming. ...
doi:10.1080/02640414.2015.1088162
pmid:26367778
fatcat:omfibu44ararjfx3i2wf3gdsoe
Key Factors Related to Short Course 100 m Breaststroke Performance
2020
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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well as cycle rate and cycle length during each swimming cycle from 15 male swimmers during a 100 m breaststroke race. ...
clean swimming velocity by finding an optimal balance between cycle length and rate, (III) 10 m turn-out with maintaining a strong wall push-off, and (IV) establishing a high transition velocity from underwater ...
Acknowledgments: The authors thank the swimmers and the coaches for their collaboration and commitment to this study.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. ...
doi:10.3390/ijerph17176257
pmid:32867383
fatcat:ujjtcdgnpfd4va4cvqktfujg7i
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