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Die Festung des Glaubens: Triumph und Scheitern des islamischen Rationalismus im 11. Jahrhundert, yazar Tilman Nagel, (München: Verlag C. H. Beck, 1988)
2021
Journal of Analytic Divinity
Preserved Fulltext
Jahrhundert, Autor Tilman Nagel, (München: Verlag C. H. Beck, 1988) . olup olmadığı veya sorumluysa nasıl olduğu problemidir. ...
Jahrhundert, Autor Tilman Nagel, (München: Verlag C. H. Beck, 1988). Nagel'e göre İslam düşüncesinin en büyük problemlerinden biri, Hz. ...
doi:10.46595/jad.984575
fatcat:prtme2fd4zan7olp3objxge2vy
A Probabilistic Model for LCF
[article]
2013
arXiv
pre-print
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Fatigue life of components or test specimens often exhibit a significant scatter. Furthermore, size effects have a non-negligible influence on fatigue life of parts with different geometries. We present a new probabilistic model for low-cycle fatigue (LCF) in the context of polycrystalline metal. The model takes size effects and inhomogeneous strain fields into account by means of the Poisson point process (PPP). This approach is based on the assumption of independently occurring LCF cracks and
arXiv:1308.5842v1
fatcat:xs5g2e264ffjxilkqp3m7iecmm
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... the Coffin-Manson-Basquin (CMB) equation. Within the probabilistic model, we give a new and more physical interpretation of the CMB parameters which are in the original approach no material parameters in a strict sense, as they depend on the specimen geometry. Calibration and validation of the proposed model is performed using results of strain controlled LCF tests of specimens with different surface areas. The test specimens are made of the nickel base superalloy RENE 80.
Combined Notch and Size Effect Modeling in a Local Probabilistic Approach for LCF
[article]
2017
arXiv
pre-print
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In recent years a local probabilistic model for low cycle fatigue (LCF) based on the statistical size effect has been developed and applied on engineering components. Here, the notch support extension based on the stress gradient effect is described in detail, as well as an FEA-based parameter calibration. An FEA is necessary to simulate non-homogeneous stress fields in non-smooth specimens which exhibit gradients and determine size effects. The hazard density approach and the surface
arXiv:1709.00320v1
fatcat:z3hw2fa3brbe5p2avciqs42qim
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... n over the FEA stress lead to geometry-independent model parameters. Three different materials (superalloys IN-939, Rene80, steel 26NiCrMoV14-5) and three different geometry types (smooth, notch, cooling hole specimens) are considered for a more comprehensive validation of the probabilistic LCF model and to demonstrate its wide application range. At the same time, a reduced testing effort is needed compared to deterministic model predictions with notch support.
AdapterDrop: On the Efficiency of Adapters in Transformers
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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Massively pre-trained transformer models are computationally expensive to fine-tune, slow for inference, and have large storage requirements. Recent approaches tackle these shortcomings by training smaller models, dynamically reducing the model size, and by training light-weight adapters. In this paper, we propose AdapterDrop, removing adapters from lower transformer layers during training and inference, which incorporates concepts from all three directions. We show that AdapterDrop can
arXiv:2010.11918v2
fatcat:gwjn5s72njbj3jnczla7aybycq
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... lly reduce the computational overhead when performing inference over multiple tasks simultaneously, with minimal decrease in task performances. We further prune adapters from AdapterFusion, which improves the inference efficiency while maintaining the task performances entirely.
An Image Registration Model in Electron Backscatter Diffraction
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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2021 pre-print arXiv:2106.05645v1 fatcat:jysqvisvdzeelkmgbjemdysdom
Recently, variational methods were successfully applied for computing the optical flow in gray and RGB-valued image sequences. A crucial assumption in these models is that pixel-values do not change under transformations. Nowadays, modern image acquisition techniques such as electron backscatter tomography (EBSD), which is used in material sciences, can capture images with values in nonlinear spaces. Here, the image values belong to the quotient space SO(3)/ 𝒮 of the special orthogonal group
arXiv:2106.05645v2
fatcat:ask4js4dxzhgbabsecc3ezhlcq
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... ulo the discrete symmetry group of the crystal. For such data, the assumption that pixel-values remain unchanged under transformations appears to be no longer valid. Hence, we propose a variational model for determining the optical flow in SO(3)/𝒮-valued image sequences, taking the dependence of pixel-values on the transformation into account. More precisely, the data is transformed according to the rotation part in the polar decomposition of the Jacobian of the transformation. To model non-smooth transformations without obtaining so-called staircasing effects, we propose to use a total generalized variation like prior. Then, we prove existence of a minimizer for our model and explain how it can be discretized and minimized by a primal-dual algorithm. Numerical examples illustrate the performance of our method.
What to Read Next? Challenges and Preliminary Results in Selecting Representative Documents
[chapter]
2018
Communications in Computer and Information Science
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0000−0003−4223−5353] , and Ansgar Scherp 2[0000−0002−2653−9245] Abstract. The vast amount of scientific literature poses a challenge when one is trying to understand a previously unknown topic. Selecting a representative subset of documents that covers most of the desired content can solve this challenge by presenting the user a small subset of documents. We build on existing research on representative subset extraction and apply it in an information retrieval setting. Our document selection
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99133-7_19
fatcat:6zv573vhsfguhnu3lnazzuw4va
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... cess consists of three steps: computation of the document representations, clustering, and selection of documents. We implement and compare two different document representations, two different clustering algorithms, and three different selection methods using a coverage and a redundancy metric. We execute our 36 experiments on two datasets, with 10 sample queries each, from different domains. The results show that there is no clear favorite and that we need to ask the question whether coverage and redundancy are sufficient for evaluating representative subsets.
Performance Comparison of Ad-Hoc Retrieval Models over Full-Text vs. Titles of Documents
[chapter]
2018
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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While there are many studies on information retrieval models using full-text, there are presently no comparison studies of full-text retrieval vs. retrieval only over the titles of documents. On the one hand, the full-text of documents like scientific papers is not always available due to, e. g., copyright policies of academic publishers. On the other hand, conducting a search based on titles alone has strong limitations. Titles are short and therefore may not contain enough information to
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-04257-8_30
fatcat:wwxzjk57urcgrakcnwn4iecu7u
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... satisfactory search results. In this paper, we compare different retrieval models regarding their search performance on the full-text vs. only titles of documents. We use different datasets, including the three digital library datasets: EconBiz, IREON, and PubMed. The results show that it is possible to build effective title-based retrieval models that provide competitive results comparable to full-text retrieval. The difference between the average evaluation results of the best title-based retrieval models is only % less than those of the best full-text-based retrieval models.
Structure of BeF3−-Modified Response Regulator PleD: Implications for Diguanylate Cyclase Activation, Catalysis, and Feedback Inhibition
2007
Structure
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Cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial second messenger involved in the regulation of cell surface-associated traits and persistence. We have determined the crystal structure of PleD from Caulobacter crescentus, a response regulator with a diguanylate cyclase (DGC) domain, in its activated form. The BeF 3 À modification of its receiver domain causes rearrangement with respect to an adaptor domain, which, in turn, promotes dimer formation, allowing for the
doi:10.1016/j.str.2007.06.016
pmid:17697997
fatcat:umw4ul46o5cybhmjlmgflgig3i
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... t encounter of two symmetric catalytic domains. The substrate analog GTPaS and two putative cations are bound to the active sites in a manner similar to adenylate cyclases, suggesting an analogous two-metal catalytic mechanism. An allosteric c-di-GMP-binding mode that crosslinks DGC and an adaptor domain had been identified before. Here, a second mode is observed that crosslinks the DGC domains within a PleD dimer. Both modes cause noncompetitive product inhibition by domain immobilization. Structure 15, 915-927, August
Investigating label suggestions for opinion mining in German Covid-19 social media
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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This work investigates the use of interactively updated label suggestions to improve upon the efficiency of gathering annotations on the task of opinion mining in German Covid-19 social media data. We develop guidelines to conduct a controlled annotation study with social science students and find that suggestions from a model trained on a small, expert-annotated dataset already lead to a substantial improvement - in terms of inter-annotator agreement(+.14 Fleiss' κ) and annotation quality -
arXiv:2105.12980v2
fatcat:wcyaqqsoendejcg2s2ozeebbsm
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... pared to students that do not receive any label suggestions. We further find that label suggestions from interactively trained models do not lead to an improvement over suggestions from a static model. Nonetheless, our analysis of suggestion bias shows that annotators remain capable of reflecting upon the suggested label in general. Finally, we confirm the quality of the annotated data in transfer learning experiments between different annotator groups. To facilitate further research in opinion mining on social media data, we release our collected data consisting of 200 expert and 2,785 student annotations.
Conserved Gating Elements in TRPC4 and TRPC5 Channels
2013
Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Gating mechanisms of TRPC channels are mostly unknown. Results: Replacing the highly conserved glycine residue within the linker between transmembrane domains 4 and 5 by serine renders TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels constitutively active. Conclusion: TRPC channel opening seems to require similar constraints than the voltage-gated potassium channels. Significance: Novel mechanistic insights into structural requirements of TRPC channel gating are provided.
doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.478305
pmid:23677990
pmcid:PMC3707650
fatcat:27irul2sjzb4xb5vub3ae6u7qy
AdapterHub Playground: Simple and Flexible Few-Shot Learning with Adapters
[article]
2022
arXiv
pre-print
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Contact Person: Tilman Beck, M.Sc. ...
., 2012) are of great interest in social science research (Boumans and Trilling, 2016; Beck et al., 2021; van Atteveldt and Peng, 2021) . ...
arXiv:2108.08103v3
fatcat:i2wa3yw5fjbq3cg7wxtpyjieui
Discordant Clinical Course of Vitamin-D-Hydroxylase (CYP24A1) Associated Hypercalcemia in Two Adult Brothers With Nephrocalcinosis
2015
Kidney & Blood Pressure Research
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/Pannes/Schlingmann/Eckardt/Beck/Wiesener: Phenotype Variability in CYP24A1 Disease
© 2015 S. ...
Jobst-Schwan/Pannes/Schlingmann/Eckardt/Beck/Wiesener: Phenotype Variability in CYP24A1 Disease laboratory parameters see Table 3 ). ...
doi:10.1159/000368520
pmid:26304832
fatcat:pxlkv7k3ibhivprg4n4ymhwcs4
Assessment of chemical modifications of sites in the CDRs of recombinant antibodies
2014
mAbs
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Modifications like asparagine deamidation, aspartate isomerization, methionine oxidation, and lysine glycation are typical degradations for recombinant antibodies. For the identification and functional evaluation of antibody critical quality attributes (CQas) derived from chemical modifications in the complementary-determining regions (CDrs) and the conserved regions, an approach employing specific stress conditions, elevated temperatures, pH, oxidizing agents, and forced glycation with glucose
doi:10.4161/mabs.27876
pmid:24441081
pmcid:PMC3984323
fatcat:l2w7cwbfhnespc6ppyf7dntjla
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... incubation, was applied. The application of the specific stress conditions combined with ion exchange chromatography, proteolytic peptide mapping, quantitative liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and functional evaluation by surface plasmon resonance analysis was adequate to identify and functionally assess chemical modification sites in the CDrs of a recombinant IgG1. LC-Met-4, LC-asn-30/31, LC-asn-92, HC-Met-100c, and HC Lys-33 were identified as potential CQas. However, none of the assessed degradation products led to a complete loss of functionality if only one light or heavy chain of the native antibody was affected. mabs Volume 6 Issue 2 2), the heavy chain Lys-65 (CDR 2), and the heavy chain Lys-98 (CDR 3) were found to represent accessible glycation sites. 11, 37, 38 Moreover, Goetze et al. have analyzed the in vivo glycation rates of Lys residues in the conserved regions of recombinant mAbs. 39 Thus, new developability concepts for the next generation of therapeutic proteins have recently been discussed. [40] [41] [42] In the present study, an approach employing stress conditions (elevated temperatures, pH, oxidizing agents, and forced glycation with glucose incubation), ion exchange chromatography, and proteolytic peptide mapping combined with quantitative LC-MS for the induction, identification and quantification of Asn deamidation, Asp isomerization, Met oxidation, and Lys glycation was applied. This test system allowed us to identify light chain Met-4, Asn-30, Asn-31, Asn-92, heavy chain Lys-33, and Met-100c as potential chemical degradation sites in the variable region of a recombinant IgG1.
On the differentiation between trait and state food craving: Half-year retest-reliability of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r) and the Food Cravings Questionnaire-State(FCQ-S)
2014
Journal of Eating Disorders
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Food craving refers to an intense desire to consume a specific food. The Food Cravings Questionnaires (FCQs) assess food cravings on a trait and a state level. Method: The current study examined half-year retest-reliability of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r) and the Food Cravings Questionnaire-State (FCQ-S) and reports associations with current food deprivation in female students. Results: The FCQ-T-r had higher retest-reliability (r tt = .74) than the FCQ-S (r tt =
doi:10.1186/s40337-014-0025-z
pmid:25356313
pmcid:PMC4212121
fatcat:6q5b32xclrebnef2q4oxcvw2gy
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... Although trait food craving was correlated with state food craving, it was unaffected by current food deprivation. Conclusions: Although state and trait food craving are interdependent, the FCQs are able to differentiate between the two. As scores of the FCQ-T-r represent a stable trait, but are also sensitive to changes in eating behavior, they may be useful for the investigation of the course of eating disorders and obesity.
Erratum to: On the differentiation between trait and state food craving: Half-year retest-reliability of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r) and the Food Cravings Questionnaire-State (FCQ-S)
2014
Journal of Eating Disorders
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Meule A, Beck Teran C, Berker J, Gründel T, Mayerhofer M, Platte P: On the differentiation between trait and state food craving: Half-year retest-reliability of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-reduced ...
doi:10.1186/s40337-014-0033-z
pmid:25434374
pmcid:PMC4245763
fatcat:zy7u5cjc5vhq5absapm2rdzhci
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