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The Frequency Injection Attack on Ring-Oscillator-Based True Random Number Generators
[chapter]
2009
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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We have devised a frequency injection attack which is able to destroy the source of entropy in ring-oscillator-based true random number generators (TRNGs). ...
A TRNG will lock to frequencies injected into the power supply, eliminating the source of random jitter on which it relies. ...
Acknowledgements Markus Kuhn suggested the experiments with the secure microcontroller and provided many components of the experimental setup plus valuable feedback on the paper. ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04138-9_23
fatcat:fh4k7px5breyjhumarah7c7xhi
Fundamental study on non-invasive frequency injection attack against RO-based TRNG
2018
2018 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC/APEMC)
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In this study, we investigate the security threat of non-invasively degrading the randomness of true random number generators (TRNGs) by injecting disturbance waves and estimating the internal state of ...
ring oscillators (ROs) using sidechannel information from outside the device. ...
INTRODUCTION As a physical attack method that degrades the randomness of the ring oscillator (RO)-based true random number generators (TRNGs), frequency injection attacks that require direct access for ...
doi:10.1109/isemc.2018.8394008
fatcat:5u5a465nnbbslg57goeslz2hjq
16.3 A 23Mb/s 23pJ/b fully synthesized true-random-number generator in 28nm and 65nm CMOS
2014
2014 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC)
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True random number generators (TRNGs) use physical randomness as entropy sources and are heavily used in cryptography and security [1] . ...
Using an RF signal generator, up to 600mV pp noise is injected on the power supplies (after removing PCB decoupling caps) to test TRNG robustness against off-chip attack. ...
Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge STMicroelectronics for IC fabrication support. ...
doi:10.1109/isscc.2014.6757434
dblp:conf/isscc/YangFHLBS14
fatcat:cgapaqn5ujho5nib6smci5kmye
Producing Random Bits with Delay-Line-Based Ring Oscillators
2013
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
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One of the sources of randomness for a random bit generator (RBG) is jitter present in rectangular signals produced by ring oscillators (ROs). ...
It enables the construction of many high frequency ring oscillators with different nominal frequencies in the same field programmable gate array (FPGA). ...
Ring-oscillator-based RBG can also be attacked with the use of frequency injection attack [37] . ...
doi:10.2478/eletel-2013-0005
fatcat:mshdgkxxcbhajhjdrnq7n7rzpm
A Random Number Generator Using Ring Oscillators and SHA-256 as Post-Processing
2015
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
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To hamper different attacks, the generators should be implemented in the same chip as a cryptographic system using random numbers. ...
In this paper the hash function SHA-256 as post-processing of bits produced by a combined random bit generator using jitter observed in ring oscillators (ROs) is proposed. ...
The ring oscillators must also have significantly different nominal frequencies to prevent the injection attack [40] . ...
doi:10.1515/eletel-2015-0026
fatcat:pacevahd5zd2baewjavppqqspq
True-Randomness and Pseudo-Randomness in Ring Oscillator-Based True Random Number Generators
2010
International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing
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The paper deals with true random number generators employing oscillator rings, namely, with the one proposed by Sunar et al. in 2007 and enhanced by Wold and Tan in 2009. ...
Our simulation model shows that the generator, using more than 18 ideal jitter-free rings having slightly different frequencies and producing only pseudo-randomness, will let the statistical tests pass ...
The research was partially supported by a Grant from the French National Research Agency-ANR-09-SEGI-013 and by the Rhone-Alpes Region and Saint-Etienne Metropole, France. ...
doi:10.1155/2010/879281
fatcat:lwv3ewrg6zherm6mmk63a64vdi
Contactless Electromagnetic Active Attack on Ring Oscillator Based True Random Number Generator
[chapter]
2012
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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True random number generators (TRNGs) are ubiquitous in data security as one of basic cryptographic primitives. ...
This paper presents a contactless and local active attack on ring oscillators (ROs) based TRNGs using electromagnetic fields. ...
Acknowledgments The work presented in this paper was realized in the frame of the EMAISeCi project number ANR-10-SEGI-005 supported by the French "Agence Nationale de la Recherche" (ANR). ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-29912-4_12
fatcat:rxzmlnkbibgfrca2ex4mamkwq4
Temperature-Based Hardware Trojan For Ring-Oscillator-Based TRNGs
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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True random number generators (TRNGs) are essential components of cryptographic designs, which are used to generate private keys for encryption and authentication, and are used in masking countermeasures ...
In this work, we present a mechanism to design a stealthy parametric hardware Trojan for a ring oscillator based TRNG architecture proposed by Yang et al. at ISSCC 2014. ...
RING OSCILLATOR-BASED TRNG We consider the true random number generator (TRNG) design proposed in [21] . ...
arXiv:1910.00735v1
fatcat:cgrivjblrjev7gdq4orbb45yjq
A Worst-Case-Aware Design Methodology for Noise-Tolerant Oscillator-Based True Random Number Generator With Stochastic Behavior Modeling
2013
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
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This paper presents a worst-case-aware design methodology for an oscillator-based true random number generator (TRNG) that produces highly random bit streams even under deterministic noise. ...
The proposed model is validated by measuring prototype TRNGs fabricated with a 65-nm CMOS process. Index Terms-True random number generator, Markov chain, stochastic model, Jitter. ...
ACKNOWLEDGMENT The VLSI chip in this study has been fabricated in the chip fabrication program of VLSI Design and Education Center (VDEC), the University of Tokyo in collaboration with STARC, e-Shuttle ...
doi:10.1109/tifs.2013.2271423
fatcat:mgz5x6u43nhtfnsi25rof6bade
True Random Number Generators Using Electrical Noise
2019
IEEE Access
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True random number generators (TRNGs) are a fundamental resource in information security and can guarantee the absolute security of information in principle. ...
This review discusses the different methods to harvest electrical noise in TRNGs, including the early amplify noise based on amplifier, phase jitter based on oscillator, the effect of electrical noise ...
ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. ...
doi:10.1109/access.2019.2939027
fatcat:hcachxfl65bunhs5li7ucngf4e
Electromagnetic analysis and fault injection onto secure circuits
2014
2014 22nd International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI-SoC)
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In this paper, we review the recent results obtained on this subject, with a particular focus on EM as a fault injection tool. ...
These attacks exploit the correlation existing between the computed data and variables such as computation time, consumed power, and electromagnetic (EM) emissions. ...
This locking phenomenon was highlighted by Bochard et al. in 2010 by manipulating the supply voltage of the RO-based true random number generator (TRNG) [3] . ...
doi:10.1109/vlsi-soc.2014.7004182
dblp:conf/vlsi/MaistriLBAFRMMDL14
fatcat:g4vl52eomfhinkcmag7mjxpkee
The Impact Of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fault Injection On True Random Number Generators
2018
Zenodo
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Within this context, this paper investigates the robustness of TRNGs based on Ring Oscillators (focusing on the delay chain TRNG) against pulsed electromagnetic fault injection. ...
True Random Number Generators (TRNGs) thus become a relevant entry point for attacks that aim at lowering the security of integrated systems. ...
The Delay Chain True Random Number Generator (DC-TRNG) [2] , [3] is one of these TRNGs. ...
doi:10.5281/zenodo.1434074
fatcat:3r2lv3ei3faknncaa77glhhasa
Experimental Study of Locking Phenomena on Oscillating Rings Implemented in Logic Devices
2019
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part 1: Regular Papers
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We then analyze the consequences of locking on different use cases based on oscillating rings and provide design recommendations to minimize its impact. ...
This locking phenomenon can render a system based on a freely running oscillator non-functional. ...
The authors are also grateful to Kamil Caglar for his experiments on the different rings. ...
doi:10.1109/tcsi.2019.2900017
fatcat:pkv3nocb6zdk3eulzrzwrrhqgy
Physical Unclonable Function Based on the Internal State Transitions of a Fibonacci Ring Oscillator
2021
Sensors
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This approach ensures the reuse of the existing random number generator (RNG), rather than multiplying ring oscillators in a dedicated structure. ...
This article introduces a new class of physical unclonable functions (PUFs) based on the Fibonacci ring oscillator (FIRO). ...
Data Availability Statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors, Ł.M. and J.N., upon reasonable request. ...
doi:10.3390/s21113920
fatcat:oc2pxgvusffinf56w7q3zwvfpe
Reliable Delay Based Algorithm to Boost PUF Security Against Modeling Attacks
2018
Information
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This paper presents an efficient and dynamic ring oscillator PUFs (d-ROPUFs) technique to improve sPUFs security against modeling attacks. ...
Further, it is shown that the OTDA further efficiently enhances the d-ROPUF capability to generate a considerably large set of reliable secret keys to protect the PUF structure from new cyber-attacks, ...
Recently, sPUF-based techniques have been proposed for true random number generation, security of IoT applications and smart systems, including the smart grid (i.e., AMI: advanced smart meriting infrastructures ...
doi:10.3390/info9090224
fatcat:lvwuenrpfvhdxamy5gkwwiee5e
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