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Cataract surgery rates
<span title="2012-01-25">2012</span>
<i title="Health and Medical Publishing Group">
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Drs Lecuona and Cook respond: We thank Dr Lewallen for her response to our article. ...
The good news, as Dr Lewallen points out, is that a figure of 2 000 per million population per year to eliminate blindness from cataract may be too high in most health districts. ...
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Charges for Cataract Surgery
<span title="">2008</span>
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SUSAN LEWALLEN, MD EDSON ELIAH, BA Moshi, Tanzania
Author reply Dear Editor: We thank Drs Lewallen and Eliah for their interest in our study. ...
In settings where free surgery is the norm, willingness to pay may be greatly reduced, as Lewallen and Eliah observe. ...
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Estimating Incidence of Vision-Reducing Cataract in Africa
<span title="2010-12-13">2010</span>
<i title="American Medical Association (AMA)">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/xk3e6rxghbe6deizzubhwnayna" style="color: black;">Archives of Ophthalmology</a>
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Correspondence: Susan Lewallen, MD, Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology, Good Samaritan Foundation, Tumaini University, PO Box 2254, Moshi, Tanzania (slewallen@kcco.net). ...
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Presbyopic Spectacles in Elderly Tanzanians
<span title="2010-12-01">2010</span>
<i title="Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/bktgmrvaorcfle3nbaxcwpsb44" style="color: black;">Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science</a>
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E-mail: slewallen@kcco.net Celestin Habiyakare 1
Susan Lewallen 2
Paul Courtright 2
1
in a sample dominated by amblyopia with very low visual acuity. Elizabeth S. van de Graaf Huibert J. ...
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Poverty and Cataract—A Deeper Look at a Complex Issue
<span title="2008-12-16">2008</span>
<i title="Public Library of Science (PLoS)">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/iznnn644szdwva7khyxqzc73bi" style="color: black;">PLoS Medicine</a>
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Susan Lewallen is Co-Director of the Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology, Good Samaritan Foundation, Moshi, Tanzania. ...
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Current concepts in the surgical management of lagophthalmos in leprosy
<span title="">1995</span>
<i title="GN1 Genesis Network">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/7onk5imcerci5bttx5hi7du63q" style="color: black;">Leprosy Review</a>
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Existing data suggest that, at a minimum, 2% of paucibacillary patients and 5% of multibacillary patients have lagophthalmos; at least 290,000 people worldwide have leprosy-related lagophthalmos. Surgical intervention is the only method for correcting lagophthalmos; effectiveness of the different procedures commonly used has not been measured. Results from a survey of eye care providers revealed that surgeons in Asia used a wide range of different techniques for the correction of lagophthalmos
<span class="external-identifiers">
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... hile almost all of the surgeons in Africa used tarsorrhaphy. There is a need to evaluate surgical outcome of these techniques and to develop guidelines to assist in increasing the number of surgeries for lagophthalmos in leprosy patients.
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Increasing uptake of eye services by women
<span title="">2006</span>
<i title="International Centre for Eye Health (ICEH), London">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/esjuen6xf5gzdcquz3lmr3ovli" style="color: black;">Community Eye Health Journal</a>
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Considerations in the integration of eye care into leprosy care services
<span title="">1992</span>
<i title="GN1 Genesis Network">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/7onk5imcerci5bttx5hi7du63q" style="color: black;">Leprosy Review</a>
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Relief Association, Postfach
110462, D-8700 Wurzburg, II Germany (available
1992)
German Leprosy Relief Association, Postfach
110462, 0-8700 Wurzburg, II Germany (available
1992)
P Courtright and Susan ...
S)
Training health workers 10 recognize, Ireal, refe r and
educate palienls aboul ocular lep r05Y
(Courtright P, Lewallen S)
Source
The Star, Gillis Long Center, Carville, LA 7072 1,
USA ...
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Budgeting for a district VISION 2020 programme
<span title="">2005</span>
<i title="International Centre for Eye Health (ICEH), London">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/esjuen6xf5gzdcquz3lmr3ovli" style="color: black;">Community Eye Health Journal</a>
</i>
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Paul Courtright
Co-director
Joseph Banzi
Community
Coordinator
Susan Lewallen
Co-director
Budgeting for a district
VISION 2020 programme
Table 1 . 1 Targets and activities that determine ...
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Epidemiology and Management of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in Tanzania
<span title="2010-05-11">2010</span>
<i title="Informa UK Limited">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/bwq3jwxzwra6rk3dbq2lfgogyu" style="color: black;">Ophthalmic Epidemiology</a>
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Purpose-To estimate the incidence of suspected ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) by Region in Tanzania and learn where these lesions are treated. Methods-We performed an analysis of existing theater records from three Tanzanian referral hospitals from 2006 to 2008 plus a prospective analysis of records from all other eye health workers who remove suspected OSSN outside the referral hospitals over 1 year. Results-Approximately 40% of suspected OSSN are operated on outside of referral
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20455848">pmid:20455848</a>
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... tals. The estimated annual incidence of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Tanzania was 2.2 per 100,000 persons. Regional incidence rates were significantly correlated with Regional HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) prevalence (Pearson's r = 0.53, P = 0.03). Conclusion- The incidence rate is high, in line with estimates from other East African countries. Management of these cases requires improvement as most patients are still not tested for HIV.
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Redefining cerebral malaria by including malaria retinopathy
<span title="">2011</span>
<i title="Future Medicine Ltd">
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Accurate diagnosis of cerebral malaria (CM) is important for patient management, epidemiological and end point surveillance, and enrolling patients with CM in studies of pathogenesis or therapeutic trials. In malaria-endemic areas, where asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia is common, a positive blood film in a comatose individual does not prove that the coma is due to malaria. A retinopathy consisting of two unique features -patchy retinal whitening and focal changes of vessel color
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb.11.3">doi:10.2217/fmb.11.3</a>
<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21449844">pmid:21449844</a>
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... is highly specific for encephalopathy of malarial etiology. White-centered retinal hemorrhages are a common but less specific feature. Either indirect or direct ophthalmoscopy can be used to identify the changes, and both procedures can be learned and practiced by nonspecialist clinicians. In view of its important contributions to both clinical care and research, examination of the retina should become a routine component of the assessment of a comatose child or adult when CM is a possible diagnosis. Keywords cerebral malaria; papilledema; retinopathy According to WHO estimates, there were over 850,000 malaria deaths in 2008; 90% of these were in Africa and 85% were in children [101] . Reductions in malaria have occurred in other regions and in some localized areas in Africa, but severe malaria continues to be an important contributor to child mortality. In many African countries with good access to antimalarial drugs and insecticide-treated bednets, expected reductions in mortality and morbidity have yet to occur. When malaria control improves, the burden of disease may shift to older age groups [1].
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Why are we addressing gender issues in vision loss?
<span title="">2009</span>
<i title="International Centre for Eye Health (ICEH), London">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/esjuen6xf5gzdcquz3lmr3ovli" style="color: black;">Community Eye Health Journal</a>
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Lewallen (Tanzania) Wanjiku Mathenge (Kenya) Joseph Enyegue Oye (Francophone Africa) Babar Qureshi (Pakistan) BR Shamanna (India) Professor Hugh Taylor (Australia) Min Wu (China) Andrea Zin (Brazil) Tel ...
GVS Murthy Daksha Patel Richard Wormald David Yorston Special advisor for Issue 70 Paul Courtright Regional consultants Sergey Branchevski (Russia) Miriam Cano (Paraguay) Professor Gordon Johnson (UK) Susan ...
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19888362">pmid:19888362</a>
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Excess mortality associated with blindness in leprosy patients in Korea
<span title="">1997</span>
<i title="GN1 Genesis Network">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/7onk5imcerci5bttx5hi7du63q" style="color: black;">Leprosy Review</a>
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Vision loss and blindness are potential complications of leprosy. There is little data available to indicate the impact of eye complications on life expectancy and quality of life. We sought to determine the relative risk of death in blind leprosy patients compared to nonblind leprosy patients. A population-based ocular survey of 510 mycobacteriologically negative leprosy patients in rural South Korea, conducted in 1988, formed the study population. After a 7-year period patients were traced to
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.5935/0305-7518.19970040">doi:10.5935/0305-7518.19970040</a>
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... determine their status (alive, dead, lost to follow up). Blind patients showed a 4'8-fold risk of death, even after adjusting for other factors, compared to nonblind patients. Young blind leprosy patients had the highest relative risk of death. Excess mortality was not associated with any specific cause of blindness, ocular pathology, or type of disease. Findings from our study suggest that all leprosy patients with ocular disabilities (including those released from antileprosy treatment) should be targeted to receive eye care to prevent vision loss. Particular emphasis should be placed on young patients. Evidence was accumulated over 40 years ago demonstrating that leprosy patients, particularly lepromatous patients, have higher age-standardized mortality rates compared to the general, non-leprosy population. l Long-term effects of some of the complications of leprosy, e.g. tropic ulcers, can reduce life span through repeated infection and exposure to economic hardship and malnutrition. Since then, a number of studies have demonstrated 1·5 to 2 fold higher mortality rates among multibacillary patients compared to paucibacillary patients 2 , 3 suggesting that leprosy-related reactions and increased frequency of intercurrent diseases, such as tuberculosis predict a higher mortality rate. This may be particularly true where 326 0305-75 1 8/97/068326+05 $1.00 © Lepra
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Variation in Cataract Surgery Needs in Latin America
<span title="2012-12-01">2012</span>
<i title="American Medical Association (AMA)">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/xk3e6rxghbe6deizzubhwnayna" style="color: black;">Archives of Ophthalmology</a>
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Objective: To estimate and compare the incidence of operable cataract and the desired cataract surgery rates required to eliminate cataract-related visual impairment in several Latin American settings. Methods: We obtained raw data on age-specific cataract prevalence from standardized population-based surveys. We used the data in a previously described model to estimate the incidence of operable cataract at 11 sites in 10 countries across Latin America. Age-specific incidence rates were then
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.2147">doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.2147</a>
<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22892824">pmid:22892824</a>
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... tiplied by corresponding population data to calculate the desired cataract surgery rates needed to eliminate cataract-related visual impairment in eyes in each country. Age-standardized incidence was also calculated to explore potential non-age-related differences in incidence among the countries. Results: The desired cataract surgery rates ranged from 3441 to 8935 in the 11 sites. Much of the variation was owing to differing age structures, but there may be important variation in age-specific incidence rates as well. Conclusions: Age structure has a major effect on the number of cataract surgeries needed in different countries of Latin America, and it is essential to consider this when planning cataract surgical services. Potential differences in non-age-related risk factors for cataract among different populations also deserve further study.
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The Eyes Have It—Or Do They?
<span title="2017-05-03">2017</span>
<i title="American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/rvumurecv5g6rj35mgpcyyzwre" style="color: black;">American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</a>
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Authors' addresses: Susan Lewallen This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction ...
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<a target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0045">doi:10.4269/ajtmh.17-0045</a>
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