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Comparison of Word Length Distributions in Spoken and Written Chinese
2018
OALib
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In this study we apply Zipf-Alecseev's function to word length distributions of Chinese prose and dialogue texts. ...
Since there are two potential measurement units of Chinese word length, we applied Zipf-Alecseev's function to both of them. ...
Word segmentation involves the definition of the word, which is a difficult problem especially in Chinese. ...
doi:10.4236/oalib.1104660
fatcat:neqbkt5nxrauhdjm5tu5pyt65a
Technical Approaches to Chinese Sign Language Processing: A Review
2019
IEEE Access
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Sign language processing entails the systematic recognition and translation of sign language images/videos to text or speech. ...
This survey provides an overview of the most important work on Chinese sign language recognition and translation, discussed its classification, highlights the features explored in sign language recognition ...
Sign Language Recognition (SLR) aims to develop algorithms and methods to correctly identify a sequence of produced signs and provides its meaning in the form of text or speech. ...
doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929174
fatcat:rgshrqqjtnga7jbrkhquzmoxwy
Typological differences in morphemic-syllabic word structure in English and Chinese
2017
Training Language and Culture
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features of morphemic-syllabic word structure in the analytical English and isolating Chinese languages. ...
Primary language segmentation involves making a distinction between its two facets -the sound and the meaning -which interconnectedness sets in motion the very process of segmentation in both areas. ...
Thus, this study illustrates that the second principle of the sign -the linear nature of the signifying component -restricts the functioning of the first principle -arbitrariness of the language sign. ...
doi:10.29366/2017tlc.1.3.4
fatcat:gyny4oi6brhtbjydnll5dm3o34
Signboard Text Translator: A Guide to Tourist
2017
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)
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the translated Telugu text back onto the screen of the phone. ...
The travelers face troubles in understanding the signboards which are written in local language. The travelers can rely on smart phone for traveling purposes. ...
They applied this methodology in developing a Chinese sign translation framework, which can consequently recognize Chinese signs taken from a camera, and translate the text into English [5] . ...
doi:10.11591/ijece.v7i5.pp2496-2501
fatcat:ijowdomdzvaiblepkqojh7xzuu
The 'Neutral' – the Semiotic Paradigm of Sinogram
2020
Signs and Media
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Redefining Roland Barthes' term 'The neutral' as 'the neutrality and dissolution of the dualistic opposition', this paper argues that Chinese characters are quasi-characters, quasi-signs, and neuter. ...
of such a paradigm to contemporary semiotic studies. ...
sign.1 However, this picture has introduced a segmented visual language: the entirety of the bird can be divided into several Chinese characters representing the word bird. ...
doi:10.1163/25900323-12340005
fatcat:zutqcpfsq5hsjmhylqghik33bq
Graphic linguistics and its terminology
1956
Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics
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"Linguistics" should include the analysis and study of the mechanism of both spoken and written languages, while "philology" should be used of studies of the content of written texts, in particular for ...
This attitude leads to or supports the view that the study of written documents should always be subsidiary to the study of some spoken idiom, or as an extreme to the idea that "texts" are not "language ...
dblp:journals/mtcl/Crossland56
fatcat:vr5rp3pawjcznp4pa5lpgjlfgq
From garbage to COVID-19: theorizing 'Multilingual Commanding Urgency' in the linguistic landscape
2022
Multilingua - Journal of Cross-cultural and Interlanguage Communiciation
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Examination of Vietnamese and Arabic on signs prohibiting the illegal disposal of household garbage on side streets in Seoul, and English, Chinese, and Japanese on mask-required due to COVID-19 signs within ...
the Seoul subway system allows for a robust analysis of what shapes the inclusion of additional languages on directive signage. ...
Kim (2020) finds many of the directive signs containing Chinese text further marginalized the Chinese community in the district. ...
doi:10.1515/multi-2022-0009
fatcat:63aqzz7vwzgx7j6w6aqxhgfes4
Teaching Chinese Sign Language with a Smartphone
2021
Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware
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There is a large group of deaf-mutes worldwide, and sign language is a major communication tool in this community. ...
To solve this problem, we developed a smartphone-based interactive Chinese sign language teaching system that facilitates sign language learning. ...
In this study, we designed and implemented a Chinese sign language teaching system on a smartphone that covers the Chinese sign language vocabulary set with 1000 frequently used words. ...
doi:10.1016/j.vrih.2021.05.004
fatcat:pdfx5cdvkzasrlhhh3r3vgpora
A Cognitive Model of Chinese Word Segmentation for Machine Translation
2011
Meta : Journal des traducteurs
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Découvrir la revue Citer cet article Zhijie Wu "A Cognitive Model of Chinese Word Segmentation for Machine Translation." Meta 563 (2011): 631-644. ...
attribute of Chinese is abundant in the language. ...
Pragmatically-oriented Feature of Chinese Some studies in contrastive linguistics have shown that European languages are mainly syntactically-oriented while Chinese is basically pragmatically-oriented. ...
doi:10.7202/1008337ar
fatcat:6jx2qryj2nfdlgcske234xs6ky
A Study on the Guidelines for Chinese-English Translation of Traffic Signs
2016
International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature
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Aiming at developing a nation-wide standard software out of a programming language named Python, The paper focuses on guidelines for Chinese-English translation of traffic signs based on relevant regulations ...
of several major cities in China and three principles of translation by Newmark: consistency, ...
Municipal Foreign Affairs Office also in 2007. [5]According to Newmark in his A Textbook of Translation, traffic signs can be classified in the category of vocative text, in contrast with expressive text ...
doi:10.20431/2347-3134.0402008
fatcat:h4ckaembpzbktnfnpecg52y2le
DeepWriterID: An End-to-end Online Text-independent Writer Identification System
[article]
2015
arXiv
pre-print
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Even though we only use pen-position information in the pen-down state of the given handwriting samples, we achieved new state-of-the-art identification rates of 95.72% for Chinese text and 98.51% for ...
However, most studies on writer identification have not been satisfying because of the insufficiency of data and difficulty of designing good features under various conditions of handwritings. ...
In addition, when faced with multiple languages, the basic units differ in size (e.g., characters in Chinese and words in English), introducing further difficulties in proper segmentation. ...
arXiv:1508.04945v2
fatcat:znuydo54tvbbhihjtlnhreqddi
Semiotic Landscapes: Scaling Indonesian Multilingualism
2020
Humaniora
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This article presents a very preliminary description of a sample of photos of signage (e.g. posters, signs, billboards) drawn from around six hundred photos taken in Bandung in January 2019. ...
I explore how an analysis of this signage can provide insights into multilingualism, inequality, and mobility in Indonesia, as well as how different social, political, and economic regimes effect the multilingual ...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This paper has benefited from the help of a number of colleagues. ...
doi:10.22146/jh.57647
fatcat:iozmanxhibd3zihkjfncex7ggm
Towards Automatic Speech to Sign Language Generation
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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We aim to solve the highly challenging task of generating continuous sign language videos solely from speech segments for the first time. ...
Since the current datasets are inadequate for generating sign language directly from speech, we collect and release the first Indian sign language dataset comprising speech-level annotations, text transcripts ...
The dataset contains videos of a signer signing in Indian Sign Language standards [4] accompanied by corresponding speech segments. ...
arXiv:2106.12790v1
fatcat:gpzprxuwczaqzmgwsempznjksa
Semiotic Analysis of the Visual Signs of Protest on Online Jordanian Platforms: Code Choice and Language Mobility
2019
Theory and Practice in Language Studies
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The study further views the signs of protest as a new trend of mobility, often considered a challenging notion to the territoriality of fixed signs in most linguistic landscape studies. ...
The political discourse of protesting which comprises carrying signs for clarifying demands and expressing feelings constitutes a significant area of study in the signs of online platforms within the linguistic ...
language of protest in order to explore the protestors' linguistic diversity in addressing different segments of audiences. ...
doi:10.17507/tpls.1001.09
fatcat:bv3b22rdkvfhlh3lwfsiyh5tge
Boundary-Adaptive Encoder With Attention Method for Chinese Sign Language Recognition
2021
IEEE Access
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Due to the intricate temporal correlation of input sequences, Chinese sign language recognition (SLR) has a modeling challenge. ...
The hierarchical structure of sign language signal can be encoded by the boundary-adaptive encoder (BAE) in the proposed method. ...
In addition, we evaluated the performance of different methods on sign language of different lengths to study the effect of sign language length on performance. And the results are shown in Fig. 5 . ...
doi:10.1109/access.2021.3078638
fatcat:v24getlbj5axlkldzhafibzstu
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