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Pupillary dynamics link spontaneous and task-evoked activations recorded directly from human insula
2020
Journal of Neuroscience
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Within the dorsal anterior insula, a brain region implicated in salience processing and alertness, activations that are either spontaneous or task-evoked are coupled with brief dilations of the pupil. ...
activations correlating positively with the magnitude of pupil dilation during a continuous performance task. ...
Moreover, human resting-state fMRI studies have linked spontaneous pupil fluctuations with slow hemodynamic activity in large-scale cortical networks, including the salience network (Murphy et al., 2014 ...
doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0435-20.2020
pmid:32631937
pmcid:PMC7406275
fatcat:xjdk4p4ctzbfhoyp2ccuf7rcju
Pupil Dilation during Reward Anticipation Is Correlated to Depressive Symptom Load in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
2020
Brain Sciences
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Depression is a debilitating disorder with high prevalence and socioeconomic cost, but the brain-physiological processes that are altered during depressive states are not well understood. ...
within salience network hubs. ...
study management, the recruitment and screening of BeCOME participants, and Ines Eidner und Anna Hetzel for their assistance with MRI scanning. ...
doi:10.3390/brainsci10120906
pmid:33255604
fatcat:dcnpwalvdraitar2oq7any57lm
Reduced arousal during reward anticipation in unmedicated depressed patients
[article]
2020
medRxiv
pre-print
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Depression is a debilitating disorder with high prevalence and socioeconomic cost, but the central processes that are altered during depressive states remain largely elusive. ...
Using pupillometry and concurrent fMRI in a sample of unmedicated participants diagnosed with major depression and healthy controls, we observed reduced pupil dilation during reward anticipation in depressed ...
study management, the recruitment and screening of BeCOME participants, and Ines Eidner und Anna Hetzel for their assistance with MRI scanning. ...
doi:10.1101/2020.03.03.20030478
fatcat:7ctd37sk6jctplp5av5nlsz5ie
The beneficial effects of meditation: contribution of the anterior cingulate and locus coeruleus
2013
Frontiers in Psychology
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During functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of meditation the cortical salience detecting and executive networks become active during "awareness of mind wandering," "shifting," and "sustained ...
The anterior cingulate (AC) is activated during "awareness of mind wandering." ...
Alpha waves spontaneously occur intermittently during an awake, relaxed, resting state, particularly with closed eyes (Goldman et al., 2002; DiFrancesco et al., 2008) , when the vmPFC and DMN are active ...
doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00731
pmid:24137145
pmcid:PMC3797386
fatcat:ywt5l7kdvnd3jptju4jus6irea
Brain Networks Underlying Eye's Pupil Dynamics
2019
Frontiers in Neuroscience
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Although pupil diameter is known to be associated with noradrenergic firing in the pontine Locus Coeruleus (LC), thus far the causal chain coupling spontaneous pupil dynamics to specific cortical brain ...
Furthermore, we found BOLD-fMRI activations correlated with pupil diameter change rate within a set of brain regions known to be implicated in selective attention, salience, error-detection and decision-making ...
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank Maxim Zaitsev at the University Medical Center Freiburg for the implementation of Multi Echo EPI on Siemens platform. ...
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00965
pmid:31619948
pmcid:PMC6759985
fatcat:dq4wdcicajbxhocquehmkcmiwy
Eye pupil – a window into central autonomic regulation via emotional/cognitive processing
2021
Physiological Research
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However, the changes in the pupil size can be observed at resting state even under constant lighting, these pupillary changes are mediated by global arousal level as well as by various cognitive factors ...
Moreover, as the pupillary response is involved in emotional (task-evoked pupillary dilation as an index of emotional arousal) and cognitive (task-evoked pupillary dilation as an index of cognitive workload ...
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency under grants VEGA 1/0030/22, VEGA 1/0190/20, and VEGA 1/0266/18, and UK grants UK/63/2021 and UK/80/2021. ...
doi:10.33549//physiolres.934749
fatcat:f5clstakkze7to7rhyoymoaloe
Eye pupil – a window into central autonomic regulation via emotional/cognitive processing
2021
Physiological Research
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However, the changes in the pupil size can be observed at resting state even under constant lighting, these pupillary changes are mediated by global arousal level as well as by various cognitive factors ...
Moreover, as the pupillary response is involved in emotional (task-evoked pupillary dilation as an index of emotional arousal) and cognitive (task-evoked pupillary dilation as an index of cognitive workload ...
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency under grants VEGA 1/0030/22, VEGA 1/0190/20, and VEGA 1/0266/18, and UK grants UK/63/2021 and UK/80/2021. ...
doi:10.33549/physiolres.934749
fatcat:nhzic6sw5fetfmj3dqvrtnvxxy
Individual differences in resting-state pupil size: Evidence for association between working memory capacity and pupil size variability
2019
International Journal of Psychophysiology
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We were unable to replicate the relation between average pupil size and WMC. However, the novel finding was that higher WMC was associated with higher variability in resting-state pupil size. ...
The present results are relevant for the current debate on the role of noradrenergic activity on working memory capacity. ...
Acknowledgments This work was funded by grant 231286/F20 (TE) from the Research Council of Norway. ...
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.03.007
pmid:30894328
fatcat:k366z74tbjf3hpt43darzik5mm
Orienting and Reorienting: The Locus Coeruleus Mediates Cognition through Arousal
2012
Neuron
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Central activation of neuromodulatory neurons and peripheral arousal, together, prepare the organism for a reorientation or reset of cortical networks and an adaptive behavioral response. ...
The noradrenergic nucleus locus coeruleus is activated in parallel with the autonomic system in response to biological imperatives. ...
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This review was written while S.J.S. was Visiting Professor at the Institute of Neurosciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai. ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.011
pmid:23040811
fatcat:enfk6simljecncocexixffqjii
Oculometric signature of switch into awareness? Pupil size predicts sudden insight whereas microsaccades problem-solving via analysis
2020
NeuroImage
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Pupil dilation and microsaccades were not reliably related, but both appear to be robust markers of how people solve problems (with or without insight). ...
Additionally, we explored eye movement dynamics during the same task to investigate if the problem-solving strategies used are linked to specific oculomotor behaviors. ...
Acknowledgements This research was supported by a grant from the Smart Family Foundation of New York to JG. ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116933
pmid:32413459
pmcid:PMC7440842
fatcat:x6dkej5i2ja2rmw3pgqwtzsrjm
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Modulation of Pupillary Unrest
2020
Frontiers in Neuroscience
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Furthermore, we found that spontaneous fluctuations of skin conductance are accompanied by increases of pupil size. ...
In an independent sample, we were able to corroborate the relation of PUI with RMSSD and skin conductance. ...
In accordance to this finding, other studies suggest that changes of pupil size are mainly regulated by the salience network that contains structures related to sympathetic control (Beissner et al., 2013 ...
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00178
pmid:32218721
pmcid:PMC7078331
fatcat:pkxdwyd4hbh7xbtuwzbii35wfy
A locus coeruleus-norepinephrine account of individual differences in working memory capacity and attention control
2017
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
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Specifically, we suggest that because of dysregulation of LC-NE functioning, the fronto-parietal control network for low WMC individuals is only weakly activated, resulting in greater default-mode network ...
In the current article we suggest that part of the WMC-attention control relation is due to variation in the functioning of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE). ...
Author notes The authors thank Randy Engle for initially inspiring this line of research. This research was supported by Office of Naval Research grant N00014-15-1-2790. ...
doi:10.3758/s13423-016-1220-5
pmid:28108977
fatcat:k4lkvin3nzdqvkn2psjsthwvfu
Neuromodulation of Brain State and Behavior
2020
Annual Review of Neuroscience
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Neural activity and behavior are both notoriously variable, with responses differing widely between repeated presentation of identical stimuli or trials. ...
We propose that the brain has an identifiable set of states through which it wanders continuously in a nonrandom fashion, owing to the activity of both ascending modulatory and fast-acting corticocortical ...
Spontaneous fluctuations in the SCP have the same organization as resting-state networks observed in fMRI (He et al. 2008) , and negative SCP correlates with fMRI activation in simultaneous recordings ...
doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-100219-105424
pmid:32250724
fatcat:prwvmdbyibhyzfflzhbguc6y7y
Individual differences in baseline oculometrics: Examining variation in baseline pupil diameter, spontaneous eye blink rate, and fixation stability
2019
Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
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The results also demonstrated the importance of examining what participants are thinking about during the baseline measure. ...
Overall, the vast majority of correlations with the baseline eye measures were weak and nonsignificant, suggesting that these associations may not be very robust. ...
In another resting state study, Schneider et al. (2016) found that pupil dilations (but not overall pupil size) was related to activity in the frontal-parietal network and to activity in the salience ...
doi:10.3758/s13415-019-00709-z
pmid:30888645
fatcat:bx34y23fgbb3jm5l2vs4ingikq
Beyond eye gaze: What else can eyetracking reveal about cognition and cognitive development?
2017
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
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Taken together, gaze, pupil dilation, and blink rate are three non-invasive and complementary measures of cognition with high temporal resolution and well-understood neural foundations. ...
Spontaneous eyeblink rate correlates with levels of dopamine in the central nervous system, and can reveal processes underlying learning and goal-directed behavior. ...
In addition to the task-related findings above, it has been shown that pupil dilation during resting-state fMRI or mental imagery is temporally correlated with activation of default-mode areas (medial ...
doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2016.11.001
pmid:27908561
pmcid:PMC6987826
fatcat:ilwqvnq6vfanbmuip7dzx477he
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