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Specifying and Verbalising Answer Set Programs in Controlled Natural Language
2018
Theory and Practice of Logic Programming
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AbstractWe show how a bi-directional grammar can be used to specify and verbalise answer set programs in controlled natural language. ...
We start from a program specification in controlled natural language and translate this specification automatically into an executable answer set program. ...
In Section 4, we present a specification written in controlled natural language, discuss the resulting answer set program and its verbalisation. ...
doi:10.1017/s1471068418000327
fatcat:zslnzudwevgy7je3j3gvszyzpy
Lossless Semantic Round-Tripping in PENG ASP
2020
Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
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Specifications written in PENG ASP are incrementally translated into executable answer set programs and vice versa. ...
That means the system allows for lossless semantic round-tripping between a human-readable specification and an answer set program. ...
The PENG ASP system focuses on writing specifications in CNL that can be translated into executable answer set programs (ASP) and vice versa [Schwitter, 2018] . ...
doi:10.24963/ijcai.2020/773
dblp:conf/ijcai/Schwitter20
fatcat:dtnq6wujpzgftb3ub2mgox4vcm
Attempto Controlled English for Knowledge Representation
[chapter]
2008
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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Attempto Controlled English (ACE) is a controlled natural language, i.e. a precisely defined subset of English that can automatically and unambiguously be translated into first-order logic. ...
Other tools include the Attempto Reasoner RACE, the AceRules system, the ACE View plug-in for the Protégé ontology editor, AceWiki, and the OWL verbaliser. ...
Other Controlled Natural Languages Traditionally, controlled natural languages fall into two major types: those that improve readability for human readers, and those that enable reliable automatic semantic ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-85658-0_3
fatcat:ku4ph55icrf5jikv4tzkurj52y
Automating generation of textual class definitions from OWL to English
2011
Journal of Biomedical Semantics
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The goal of natural language generation (NLG) from ontologies is to take the logical description of entities and generate fluent natural language. ...
Text definitions for entities within bio-ontologies are a cornerstone of the effort to gain a consensus in understanding and usage of those ontologies. ...
RP and SW designed and implemented the NLG system. AT implemented the NLG tools website. JM and RS created the study. All authors had input on the form of the language generated. ...
doi:10.1186/2041-1480-2-s2-s5
pmid:21624160
pmcid:PMC3102894
fatcat:bsv4pn2ezjemhlae7qisfahuvm
An NLG pipeline for a legal expert system: a work in progress
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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The second step is to render the answers of the reasoner in natural language. ...
We present the NLG component for L4, a prototype domain-specific language (DSL) for drafting laws and contracts. ...
In the longer term, we plan to support more types of queries, with hypotheticals and goal-seeking, such as What Would Make This True and What Else Is True, and new types of questions and answers require ...
arXiv:2107.02421v1
fatcat:kacsdxveszft7gwsctl6vieyku
Introduction to the 34-th international conference on logic programming special issue
2018
Theory and Practice of Logic Programming
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This special issue of Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP) contains the regular papers accepted for presentation at the 34-th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2018), held ...
in Oxford, United Kingdom, from July 14th to July 17th, 2018. ...
designed the web pages; Paul Fodor and Neda Saeedloei, who jointly chaired the Doctoral Program of ICLP; and ...
doi:10.1017/s1471068418000352
fatcat:npib57qunzgzvhp4grx2fsavae
The Computer Program as a Functional Whole
[chapter]
2020
Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications
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To answer this question, it must first be established whether a computer program should be considered as an integral whole, a collection, or a mere set of distinct files, and why. ...
The argumentation and answer contributes to the ontology of software artefacts, may assist industry in litigation cases, and demonstrates that the notion of unifying relation is operationalisable. ...
Computer programs as wholes, collections, or set? Having answered Q2 and Q3-genuineFP, SCgraphPath, and linked-we now can turn to Q1: is it a whole, a mere collection, or just a set? ...
doi:10.3233/faia200673
fatcat:yujvkjoeibfa5dqxu2mx5rv75q
EMIL: Extracting Meaning from Inconsistent Language
2019
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning
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on controlled natural languages. ...
Towards a Controlled Natural Language for Argumentation. ...
The resulting text does not have any answer set under the standard stable semantics for logic programs. 37 Interpreting the text under the courteous semantics does produce a unique answer set, but this ...
doi:10.1016/j.ijar.2019.04.010
fatcat:4dhnsbsvnrauddygf2peidgmxq
Why a computer program is a functional whole
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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To answer this question, it must first be established whether a program should be considered as an integral whole, a collection, or a mere set of distinct files, and why. ...
The argumentation and answer contributes to the ontology of software artefacts, may assist industry in litigation cases, and demonstrates that the notion of unifying relation is operationalisable. ...
Acknowledgements I would like to thank the advocate and lawyer on the litigation case for the conversations on this topic, which assisted with devising examples and descriptions to try to explain the theory ...
arXiv:2008.07273v1
fatcat:bdlhdhwli5dqjkbftj6jzjkqqu
A Web-Based Tool for Analysing Normative Documents in English
[article]
2017
arXiv
pre-print
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and methods for answering queries asked of a given model. ...
This requires the combination of a number of different elements, including information extraction from natural language, formal languages for model representation, and an interface for property specification ...
From here, the model can be verbalised in a controlled natural language and viewed in a compact formal notation. 6. ...
arXiv:1707.03997v1
fatcat:kjhkdt35gjexbn5c3r5fxg522m
Big data management skills: accurate measurement
2018
Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning
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This methodology offers an effective tool for understanding individual of differences in digital skill development. ...
Some say that big data is transforming business and society. This can mean wide-reaching disruption for commerce, health and world governance. ...
Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. ...
doi:10.1186/s41039-018-0071-2
pmid:30595736
pmcid:PMC6294210
fatcat:c2nqk6xbwba3bcksk7i5dxtpoi
Predicting the Understandability of OWL Inferences
[chapter]
2013
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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In this paper, we describe a method for predicting the understandability level of inferences with OWL. ...
This model has been applied in our research on generating accessible explanations for an entailment of OWL ontologies, to determine the most understandable inference among alternatives, from which the ...
We thank our colleagues and the anonymous viewers. ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38288-8_8
fatcat:jzrgwj7d3bbm7c5ploxczbsz6i
Orientation and metacognition in virtual space
2016
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
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We address the verbalisability of spatial concepts relevant in this regard, along with the conscious strategies reported by participants. ...
Surprisingly, the linguistic data we collected relate to reference system verbalisations known from the earlier literature only to a limited extent, but instead reveal complex cognitive mechanisms and ...
We thank our student assistants, particularly Tonia Sperling, for the many hours of data collection, transcription, and annotation that went into this study. ...
doi:10.1037/xhp0000178
pmid:26594879
fatcat:kyycb6idujcw7gounhnoevirby
A Systematic Review of Automatic Question Generation for Educational Purposes
2019
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
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Similar to what was found previously, there is little focus in the current literature on generating questions of controlled difficulty, enriching question forms and structures, automating template construction ...
The aims of this review are to: provide an overview of the AQG community and its activities, summarise the current trends and advances in AQG, highlight the changes that the area has undergone in the recent ...
Verbalisation Employing natural language generation and processing techniques in order to present questions in natural and correct forms and to eliminate errors that invalidate questions, such as syntactic ...
doi:10.1007/s40593-019-00186-y
fatcat:76pklz67u5ecjco6vfwqwqfdte
Ontology Guided Semantic Self Learning Framework
2015
International Journal of Knowledge Engineering-IACSIT
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The research solved the problem of lack of understanding and capturing the knowledge from Natural Language sources and represents the captured knowledge in an automated and efficient manner. ...
Knowledge extraction process is performed by modeling ontology from the natural language text. The system uses its acquired knowledge to perform teaching and explaining activities to its end users. ...
The efforts made on the domain are still in the status of processing controlled natural language instead of complete natural language. ...
doi:10.7763/ijke.2015.v1.5
fatcat:urnd23am4bggligwixp7yuj7lu
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