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Polarized Emission from Gamma-Ray Burst Jets
2017
Galaxies
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I review how polarization signals have been discussed in the research field of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). I mainly discuss two subjects in which polarimetry enables us to study the nature of relativistic jets. (1) Jet breaks: Gamma-ray bursts are produced in ultra-relativistic jets. Due to the relativistic beaming effect, the emission can be modeled in a spherical model at early times. However, as the jet gradually slows down, we begin to see the edge of the jet together with polarized signals at
doi:10.3390/galaxies5040080
fatcat:7jpjcngnxrhsnbflq2yv4rbjpu
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... some point. (2) Optical flash: later time afterglow is known to be insensitive to the properties of the original ejecta from the GRB central engine. However, a short-lived, reverse shock emission would enable us to study the nature of of GRB jets. I also briefly discuss the recent detection of optical circular polarization in GRB afterglow.
Gravitational Radiation from Gamma-Ray Burst Progenitors
2004
AIP Conference Proceedings
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A key feature of internal shocks is that the observed gamma-ray variability reflects the variability in the activity of the central engine (Kobayashi, Piran & Sari 1997) . ...
doi:10.1063/1.1810817
fatcat:5dzqz5njlrgctmunyka6syaaai
Luminosity and Variability of Collimated Gamma-Ray Bursts
2003
AIP Conference Proceedings
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The wind can be modeled by a succession of relativistic shells (Kobayashi, Piran & Sari 1997, hereafter KPS) . ...
A simplified description of this process is to assume that the two shells reflect with a smaller relative velocity (Kobayashi & Sari 2001). ...
doi:10.1063/1.1579352
fatcat:4r555435xffbhfkruboqgxgvyi
Ultraefficient Internal Shocks
2001
Astrophysical Journal
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Ðreball (Sari & Piran 1995 ; Kobayashi, Piran, & Sari 1999) . ...
We have developed a relativistic code with an exact Riemann solver to solve relativistic hydrodynamics problems (Kobayashi et al. 1999) . ...
doi:10.1086/320249
fatcat:hl3ceynumvdxxjxjxsiyaeioqm
Best differential characteristic search of FEAL
[chapter]
1997
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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This paper presents the results of the best differential characteristic search of FEAL. The search algorithm for the best differential characteristic (best linear expression) was already presented by Matsui, and improvements on this algorithm were presented by Moriai et al. We further improve the speed of the search algorithm. For example, the search time for the 7round best differential characteristic of FEAL is reduced to about 10 minutes (Pentium/166 MHz), which is about 212"6 times faster
doi:10.1007/bfb0052333
fatcat:ykbf4ziur5belfteu3jbyqobku
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... an Matsui's algorithm. Moreover, we determine all the best differential characteristics of FEAL for up to 32 rounds assuming all S-boxes are independent. As a result, we confirm that the N-round (7 < N <32) best differential characteristic probability of FEAL is 2 -2N, which was found by Biham. For N = 6, we find 6-round differential characteristics with a greater probability, 2 -11 , than that previously discovered, 2 -12.
Optical flashes and radio flares in GRB afterglows: Numerical study
2000
AIP Conference Proceedings
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We numerically study the evolution of an adiabatic relativistic fireball interacting with an ambient uniform medium, both in the initial energy transfer stage and in its late evolution. It is shown that the Blandford-McKee solution adequately describes the evolution of the shocked ejecta quite early on and for as long as the fireball material has relativistic temperatures. In the case where the reverse shock is only mildly relativistic, the shocked ejecta becomes cold almost immediately and the
doi:10.1063/1.1361598
fatcat:wtr2eduicrd4vbmjqfpvev2a3y
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... evolution deviates from the Blandford-McKee solution. We derive analytical expressions for the ejecta evolution in its cold regime. This solution gives a good approximation to the numerical results. We estimate the radiation from the fireball ejecta using the numerical hydrodynamic evolution in both cases: cold and hot ejecta. Surprisingly, we find that both evolutions give rather similar light curves, decaying approximately as t-" in the optical and peaking after about one day in the radio, even though the hydrodynamics is different.
Revealing Short GRB Jet Structure and Dynamics with Gravitational Wave Electromagnetic Counterparts
[article]
2017
arXiv
pre-print
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Figure adapted from Lamb & Kobayashi 2017c ...
The afterglow is bright for an on-axis observer (Lamb & Kobayashi 2017d) . ...
arXiv:1712.02986v1
fatcat:5tay6hclbzdptdt5xh2nnwna4m
Background Gravitational Wave Produced in Inflationary Universe
1992
Progress of theoretical physics
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We quantize the gravitational wave which arises from quantum fluctuations in the inflationary universe and compute its time evolution using a simple model of the cosmological evolution. As a result, we obtain the power spectrum of the background gravitational wave and calculate the behavior of the squeezed parameters.
doi:10.1143/ptp.88.1107
fatcat:6wxhduteq5gmhd3i63dji5oijq
Light Curves of Gamma‐Ray Burst Optical Flashes
2000
Astrophysical Journal
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2000 pre-print arXiv:astro-ph/0009319v1 fatcat:ttpppnfjdncf3p7m6n4lm6hxyy
The fireball of GRB 990123 is likely to be a marginal case (Kobayashi & Sari 2000) . ...
A prompt optical emission from GRB 990123 (Akerlof et al. 1999) can be regarded as this emission (Sari & Piran 1999b; Kobayashi & Sari 2000) . ...
doi:10.1086/317869
fatcat:zywftljjfbgeph6vsii2xacspq
Can internal shocks produce the variability in GRBs?
1998
Fourth Huntsville gamma-ray burst symposium
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We discuss the possibility that gamma-ray bursts result from internal shocks in an ultra-relativistic matter. Using a simple model we calculate the temporal structure and we estimate the efficiency of this process. In this model the ultra-relativistic matter flow is represented by a succession of shells with random values of the Lorentz factor. We calculate the shocks that take place between those shells and we estimate the resulting emission. Internal shocks can produce the highly variable
doi:10.1063/1.55397
fatcat:gljzoqwqirczbh35rhqtcgpbti
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... oral structure observed in most of the bursts provided that the source emitting the relativistic flow is highly variable. The observed peaks are in almost one to one correlation to the activity of the emitting source. A large fraction of the kinetic energy is converted to radiation. The most efficient case is when an inner engine produces shells with comparable energy but very different Lorentz factors. It also gives the most preferable temporal structure.
Beach Changes Observed in Phan Rang City in Southeast Vietnam
2015
Procedia Engineering
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In cooperation with Ho Chi Minh City University of Vietnam, beach changes on the coasts of Phan Rang City 270 km east of Ho Chi Minh City were investigated. Beach changes associated with the elongation of a sand spit and sand accumulation owing to the blockage of longshore sand transport by a jetty were investigated using satellite images together with site observation. This method combined satellite image analysis and site observation is useful for investigating beach changes in developing
doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.278
fatcat:b3nfz3uabrhxpi6jkw7mp77xz4
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... tries, where field data necessary for the analysis are often lacking. Preventive or mitigation measures were considered in view of Integrated Coastal Zone Management in place of the local optimization.
GRB 021004: Reverse Shock Emission
2003
Astrophysical Journal
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The shock crossing time is (Sari & Piran 1999b; Kobayashi 2000) . ...
The lower 12 11 10 ( p p 2.4) 8.8 # 10 ( p p 2.2) also makes the reverse shock emission dimmer in the n (t ) m, r # R band (Kobayashi 2000) . ...
doi:10.1086/367691
fatcat:vfjajboqkfgkpnq5reqv7nbwei
Polyphenol Contents and Processing Properties of Screenings of Black-kerneled Glutinous Rice Cultivar ^|^lsquo;Shiho^|^rsquo;
紫黒糯米品種「紫宝」における篩い下米のポリフェノール含量と加工特性
2013
Nippon sakumotsu gakkai kiji
紫黒糯米品種「紫宝」における篩い下米のポリフェノール含量と加工特性
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Polyphenol Contents and Processing Properties of Screenings of Black-kerneled Glutinous Rice Cultivar 'Shiho' : Kazuyuki Kobayashi 1) , Toshio Joh 2) and Toshinori Fukuyama 2) ( 1) Niigata Agr. Res. ...
Kobayashi, Y. Nishiba, S. Furuta, I. Suda and T.
Sato 2002. Polymeric procyanidins as radical-scavenging components
in red-hulled rice. J. Agric. ...
doi:10.1626/jcs.82.192
fatcat:ftkhospaina5jc5274ehhlkkga
Ⅱ-2. Influence of groundwater on primary production
Ⅱ-2. 低次生産と地下水・海底湧水
2016
Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi
Ⅱ-2. 低次生産と地下水・海底湧水
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Anderson Localization in the Sky and Cosmological Magnetic Field
1996
Soryushiron Kenkyu Electronics
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Anderson Localization in the Sky and Cosmological Magnetic Field i Shiho KOBAYASHP Dept. of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology It has long been suspected that the presently observed galactic and cluster ...
doi:10.24532/soken.93.3_c117
fatcat:zegeqconxba6jmnkzb6g75k5m4
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