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Surface mass balance analysis at Naradu Glacier, Western Himalaya, India
2021
Scientific Reports
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AbstractIn the present study, we analyze a field-based seven-year data series of surface mass-balance measurements collected during 2011/12 to 2017/18 on Naradu Glacier, western Himalaya, India. The average annual specific mass balance for the said period is − 0.85 m w.e. with the maximum ablation of − 1.15 m w.e. The analysis shows that the topographic features, south and southeast aspects and slopes between 7 to 24 degrees are the reasons behind the maximum ablation from a particular zone.
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-91348-3
pmid:34135366
fatcat:fvgov6iq45d4bkvkypuyta4hma
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... causes of surface mass balance variability have been analyzed through multiple linear regression analyses (MLRA) by taking temperature and precipitation as predictors. The MLRA demonstrates that 71% of the observed surface mass balance variance can be explained by temperature and precipitation. It clearly illustrates the importance of summer temperature, which alone explains 64% variance of surface mass balance. The seasonal analysis shows that most of the surface mass balance variability is described by summer temperature and winter precipitation as two predictor variables. Among monthly combinations, surface mass balance variance is best characterized by June temperature and September precipitation.
Changing climate and glacio-hydrology in Indian Himalayan Region: a review
2016
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change
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Jhajharia D, Singh VP. Trends in temperature, diurnal temperature range and sunshine duration in northeast India. Int J Climatol 2011, 31:1353-1367. doi:10.1002/joc.2164. 55. ...
Loharinag Pala
70.5
16.3
Temperature index model
Dhauli Ganga 109
1983-1984, 1987
Tapovan Vishnugad
77.3
10.3
Temperature index model
Advanced Review
wires.wiley.com/climatechange
53 . 53 Singh ...
doi:10.1002/wcc.393
fatcat:t25fo5ri7zd3rl3as2waolanru
Quantifying the Congruence between Air and Land Surface Temperatures for Various Climatic and Elevation Zones of Western Himalaya
2019
Remote Sensing
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The surface and near-surface air temperature observations are primary data for glacio-hydro-climatological studies. The in situ air temperature (Ta) observations require intense logistic and financial investments, making it sparse and fragmented particularly in remote and extreme environments. The temperatures in Himalaya are controlled by a complex system driven by topography, seasons, and cryosphere which further makes it difficult to record or predict its spatial heterogeneity. In this
doi:10.3390/rs11242889
fatcat:ud5sp6iysjbblm7c7kz6dx6wlq
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... , finding a way to fill the observational spatiotemporal gaps in data becomes more crucial. Here, we show the comparison of Ta recorded at 11 high altitude stations in Western Himalaya with their respective land surface temperatures (Ts) recorded by Moderate Resolution Imagining Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua and Terra satellites in cloud-free conditions. We found remarkable seasonal and spatial trends in the Ta vs. Ts relationship: (i) Ts are strongly correlated with Ta (R2 = 0.77, root mean square difference (RMSD) = 5.9 °C, n = 11,101 at daily scale and R2 = 0.80, RMSD = 5.7 °C, n = 3552 at 8-day scale); (ii) in general, the RMSD is lower for the winter months in comparison to summer months for all the stations, (iii) the RMSD is directly proportional to the elevations; (iv) the RMSD is inversely proportional to the annual precipitation. Our results demonstrate the statistically strong and previously unreported Ta vs. Ts relationship and spatial and seasonal variations in its intensity at daily resolution for the Western Himalaya. We anticipate that our results will provide the scientists in Himalaya or similar data-deficient extreme environments with an option to use freely available remotely observed Ts products in their models to fill-up the spatiotemporal data gaps related to in situ monitoring at daily resolution. Substituting Ta by Ts as input in various geophysical models can even improve the model accuracy as using spatially continuous satellite derived Ts in place of discrete in situ Ta extrapolated to different elevations using a constant lapse rate can provide more realistic estimates.
Automated detection and temporal monitoring of crevasses using remote sensing and their implications for glacier dynamics
2016
Annals of Glaciology
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Singh for help with DGPS data processing. ...
They are hazardous during field activities, particularly when buried under snow (Singh and others, 2013) . ...
In a pioneering study in the case of the Indian Himalaya, Singh and others (2013) used GPR in both 250 MHz frequency ground mode and 350 MHz airborne mode. ...
doi:10.3189/2016aog71a496
fatcat:rt7p6vw5uzcddagnbkyyj2zhh4
Modelling Permafrost Distribution in Western Himalaya Using Remote Sensing and Field Observations
2021
Remote Sensing
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Singh et al. ...
The average annual LST were then converted to the mean annual air temperature (MAAT) following the statistically significant equations developed by Singh et al. ...
doi:10.3390/rs13214403
fatcat:bof73azhgval3eoeesybg37iuu
Impact of Brand on Rural and Urban Consumer BehaviorA Study on Mobile Phone Buyers
2014
IOSR Journal of Business and Management
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Consumers are the backbone of all business organizations & coherently all business activities concern with consumer and consumer satisfaction.Brand acts as a signal allowing customer to quickly recognize a product as they are familiar with or one they like.The powerful brand is which resides in the mind of the consumer.This paper examines how the rural and urban population conceive the notion of "BRAND". The research aims at comparing the buying behavior of rural & urban consumer & find out
doi:10.9790/487x-16537378
fatcat:fm6skxwgvnhbrcuao6so4j4b5a
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... r priorities while making a purchase decision regarding mobile phones .This study has been conducted through literature study as well as a questionnaire administered survey of 200 respondents of different age groups, income & occupation and has been analyzed through AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) to comply with the objectives & also to draw conclusions.The study reveals that the urban consumer is more brand and style 'conscious' compared to its rural counterpart which prioritizes functionality and price more. It also shows that urban population relies majorly on internet as source of information whereas rural population relies on T.V. ads& Mobile phone retailers.This paper serves as a valuable guideline for management to review their advertising campaigns & modify their mobiles according to the need of the customer.
Himalayan glaciers experienced significant mass loss during later phases of little ice age
2017
Scientific Reports
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The Northern Hemisphere temperatures are derived from Mann et al. 20 and the mean spring temperature departure timeseries for the western Himalaya is taken from Yadav and Singh 37 . ...
The reconstructed mean spring temperature departure time-series is taken from Yadav and Singh 37
Comparisons and recent trends In Fig. 4 , we show the variable responses of the Arctic, subarctic ...
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09212-2
pmid:28871188
pmcid:PMC5583174
fatcat:rz7vx3hx55clbooyqj4p75uylq
Small Lava Caves as Possible Exploratory Targets on Mars: Analogies Drawn from UAV Imaging of an Icelandic Lava Field
2020
Remote Sensing
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Volcanic-aeolian interactions and processes have played a vital role in landscape evolution on Mars. Martian lava fields and associated caves have extensive geomorphological, astrobiological, and in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) implications for future Mars missions which might be focused on subsurface exploration. Although several possible cave "skylights" of tens to >100 m diameter have been spotted in lava fields of Mars, there is a possibility of prevalence of meter-scale features which
doi:10.3390/rs12121970
fatcat:ns4aotqjvjfide5zwvr2pllkpi
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... re an order of magnitude smaller and difficult to identify but could have vital significance from the scientific and future exploration perspectives. The Icelandic volcanic-aeolian environment and fissure volcanoes can serve as analogs to study lava flow-related small caves such as surface tubes, inflationary caves, liftup caves, and conduits. In the present work, we have tried to explore the usability of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-derived images for characterizing a solidified lava flow and designing a sequential methodology to identify small caves in the lava flow. In the mapped area of ~0.33 km2, we were able to identify 81 small cave openings, five lava flow morphologies, and five small cave types using 2 cm/pixel high-resolution images. The results display the usefulness of UAV imaging for such analogous research, and also highlight the possibility of the widespread presence of similar small cave openings in Martian lava fields. Such small openings can facilitate optimal air circulation within the caves while sheltering the insides from physical weathering and harmful radiations. Using the available best resolution remote sensing images, we extend the analogy through the contextual and geomorphological analysis of several possible pit craters in the Tharsis region of Mars, in a region of extremely vesicular and fragile lava crust with pahoehoe-type morphology. We report two possible pit craters in this region, with diameters as small as ~20 m. The possibility that such small cave openings can lead to vast subterranean hollow spaces on Mars cannot be ruled out considering its low gravity.
Production Potential and Nutrient Uptake of Quality Protein Maize Hybrid as Influenced by Nitrogen and Sulphur Fertilization
2017
Journal of AgriSearch
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2 and Shaktiman 4) and three levels of sulphur (15, 30 and 45 kg S/ha) in sub-plots. ...
The experiment was laid out in split-plot design and replicated thrice, in which main plot were allotted four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha) and two quality protein maize hybrid (Shaktiman ...
The QPM
Cochran and Cox 1967
Cheema and Singh 1991
Table 1
-1
-1
girths were recorded at 45 kg S ha compared to 15 kg S ha
-1 ...
doi:10.21921/jas.v4i1.7415
fatcat:b3rv6kt3bbbjvinknb2biyyoqu
Effect of Nitrogen and Sulphur Levels on Yield, Economics and Quality of QPM Hybrids under Dryland Condition of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
2012
Journal of Agricultural Science
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(0.77%) and lysine content (3.88) than Shaktiman-2. ...
The effect of four nitrogen levels {0 kg N ha -1 (N 0 ), 50 kg N ha -1 (N 1 ), 100 kg N ha -1 (N 2 ) and 150 kg N ha -1 (N 3 )} two QPM hybrids {Shaktiman-2 (G 1 ) and Shaktiman-4 (G 2 )} and three levels ...
the experimental data collected on various aspects of the investigation on maize and soil were statistically analysed with the procedure described by Cochran & Cox (1967) and adopted by Cheema and Singh ...
doi:10.5539/jas.v4n9p31
fatcat:wrteo7xhhvemjiejhyxz2dgwna
Genotype x Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis for Yield and Quality Traits in QPM (Zea mays L.)
2020
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences
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This study was conducted to evaluate 30 maize hybrids and 06 parents including two checks (Shaktiman-3 & Shaktiman-4) to study the stability parameters for grain yield per plant and quality parameters ...
Later on in India several QPM hybrids were developed for different agroclimatic conditions like HQPM 4, HQPM 1, HQPM 5, HQPM 7, Vivek QPM 9, Shaktiman 1, Shaktiman 2, Shaktiman 3 and Shaktiman 4 (Dass ...
Materials and Methods The experimental material consist of six inbreed line with 2 checks (Shaktiman-3 and Shaktiman-4) as mentioned in table-1. ...
doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2020.901.255
fatcat:ay2wbsw6rrhqjpsktf4lgmuuny
In vitro evaluation of different varieties of maize fodder for their methane generation potential and digestibility with goat rumen liquor
2016
Veterinary World
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Seven varieties of maize, four normal (HTHM 5101, DHM 117, HM 5, and Shaktiman/900 M Gold), and three high-quality protein (HQPM 5, HQPM 7, and HQPM 9/Vivek) were grown in different plots under the same ...
Discussion
Composition of feed samples The proximate compositions of different varieties of maize studied in the experiment were within the range of reported values in earlier study by Singh et al. ...
Collection of feed materialSeeds of 4 normal maize varieties (HTHM 5101, DHM 117, HM 5, and Shaktiman/900M Gold) and 3 QPM varieties (high-quality protein maize [HQPM] 5, HQPM 7, and HQPM 9/Vivek) were ...
doi:10.14202/vetworld.2016.1209-1213
pmid:27956770
pmcid:PMC5146299
fatcat:ghx6n4inujeaneskiq65lcavhm
Studies on Grain Yield, Physico-Chemical and Cooking Characters of Elite Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in Eastern India
2012
Journal of Agricultural Science
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followed by Ajay (6400 kg ha -1 ), Satyakrishna (6300 kg ha -1 ),Varshadhan (6200 kg ha -1 ) and Gayatri (6100 kg ha -1 ) and lowest in Tara (2800 kg ha -1 ) following Kalinga-3 (3100 kg ha -1 ) and Shaktiman ...
1.49
26.1
3300
irrigated
Kshira
77.5
66.5
57.5
5.6
2.38
2.35
5.0
155
9.95
3.93
1.77
23.0
4500
Indira
80.0
74.0
62.5
6.03
2.5
2.41
7.0
302.5
10.5
3.7
1.7
23.8
3400
Shaktiman ...
doi:10.5539/jas.v4n12p269
fatcat:tqnhyvdg45gmvafquruqeclmqa
Heterosis and combining ability for grain yield and its component characters in quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
2019
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding
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Therefore, they showed potential to be exploited as single cross hybrids since they are showing more than 5% heterosis over the check (Shaktiman QPM-5). ...
It has great yield potential and attained the leading position among the cereals based on production as well as productivity (Singh et al., 2012) .In India maize is grown in an area of 9.2 m ha with an ...
doi:10.5958/0975-928x.2019.00013.9
fatcat:qktt62vv3vdqxca4ryywh443yy
Heterosis analysis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for Lycopene, TSS, titrable acidity and Ascorbic acid
2019
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding
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The mean value of parents and standard check (BT-12 and Shaktiman) presented in Table 1 . ...
Kumar, R., Srivastava, K., Singh R. K. and Kumar, V. 2013. ...
doi:10.5958/0975-928x.2019.00198.4
fatcat:2kt4ihsepjhydl7ywu4bkag63a
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