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Financing Drug Research: What are the Issues?
2008
Social Science Research Network
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Financing Drug Research: What Are the Issues?
Executive Summary Rising drug prices are placing an ever larger burden on family budgets and the economy. ...
The four main potential problems are: 1) the incentives for pursuing useful research are inadequate; 2) incentives are created through market distortions for pursuing less productive lines of research; ...
doi:10.2139/ssrn.1134983
fatcat:zpvn3n2ysfa33mjacufymwuqym
TESOL at Forty: What Are the Issues?
2006
TESOL Quarterly (Print)
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In this context, publishing a state of the art issue on TESOL requires caution. Such an issue is not only about where we are now but how we got here. ...
For the state of the art serves to define what is legitimate knowledge in the field. That is to say, the description will become the new orthodoxy. Therefore, ...
The paradigms in our field have changed so radically that it is questionable whether we are still proceeding along the lines of development sketched out in the 25th anniversary issues. ...
doi:10.2307/40264509
fatcat:3ylhxsqjibhipm5ei4vwcgwdbq
Implementation Issues in Product Line Scoping
[chapter]
2000
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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ABSTRACT Often product line engineering is treated similar to the waterfall model in traditional software engineering, i.e., the different phases (scoping, analysis, architecting, implementation) are treated ...
Hence, assessing these relationships adequately in the beginning has a strong impact on performing a product line project right. In this paper we present a framework that helps in exactly this task. ...
Number of products What is the number of products the product line is expected to contain? ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-44995-9_11
fatcat:rjdmc3qt7fgobjomtemare62la
The 'Scottish approach' to policy and policymaking: what issues are territorial and what are universal?
2016
Policy and politics (Print)
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We demonstrate these issues in two ' ...
The 'Scottish approach' refers to its distinctive way to make and implement policy. Its reputation suggests that it is relatively comfortable with local discretion and variations in policy outcomes. ...
Acknowledgement This work was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant number ES/L003325/1) ...
doi:10.1332/030557315x14353331264538
fatcat:r3oh767bxnfs7kajjtn6hnseha
Antifungal Drug Therapeutic Monitoring: What are the Issues?
2015
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports
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However, there are still uncertainties regarding the optimal use of antifungal TDM in clinical practice. ...
We conducted a review of recent literature in order to describe the clinical situations and specific antifungal agents for which TDM is ideal and summarize key information about the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics ...
As both classes are only available in IV formulations, there are no issues with variable absorption. ...
doi:10.1007/s40588-015-0019-x
fatcat:6zhlcaboibb23bywygsgrjthjq
Variability Issues in Software Product Lines
[chapter]
2002
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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Differences are managed by d elaying design decisions, thereby introducing variation points. The whole of variation points is typically referred to as the variability of the software product line. ...
A software product line captures the commonalities between a set of products while providing for the differences. ...
As a result it is often not clear what parts of the product-line architecture are needed for a specific product. • Tool support: The number of variation points and associated variants as well as the dependencies ...
doi:10.1007/3-540-47833-7_3
fatcat:nkwhstz76nh5fkatn6uqniemey
Cytochrome P450: What Have We Learned and What Are the Future Issues?
2004
Drug metabolism reviews (Softcover ed.)
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Many crystal structures are now becoming available. The significance of P450 in in vivo metabolism is appreciated, particularly in the context of pharmacogenetics. ...
Current scientific issues involve posttranslational modification, gene regulation, component interactions, structures of P450 complexed with ligands, details of high-valent oxygen chemistry, the nature ...
Another issue is what steady-state kinetic parameters really mean in P450 reactions. ...
doi:10.1081/dmr-120033996
pmid:15237850
fatcat:5pfnj3vnevakvlijcprbdznnf4
The Service Liberalisation Agenda of the World Trade Organisation What are the Issues?
1997
Geneva papers on risk and insurance. Issues and practice
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Standards Standards are met across the whole spectrum of WTO business, and the issue is a systemic one of growing importance. ...
There are of course also other fundamental issues of a global nature which condition WTO responses. ...
doi:10.1057/gpp.1997.27
fatcat:jcqdwwq7gnfldfyfzwnpccgzhi
Germ-line gene editing: What are the social and moral risks?
2016
Medicina e Morale
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to go beyond the limits of reasonable domination over nature '. 6 What is at issue is the risk that the use of germ-line gene editing could lead to an increasing failure on the part of society to give ...
Lewis wrote: 'if any age attains, by eugenics and scientific education, the power to make its descendants what it pleases, all men who live after it are the patients of that power'. 7 What he feared was ...
doi:10.4081/mem.2016.435
fatcat:i33gywptnjb5dj7ccjlvpb7z7q
What are the key determinants of maintenance performance?
2020
Production
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According to the research findings, recommendations in line with this research are presented in the form of two categories of practical and research suggestions. ...
The purpose of this paper was to evaluate well-known production criteria by focusing on Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and Overall Line Effectiveness (OLE) using the intelligent systems paradigm ...
Appendix A. the fuzzy DEMATEL technique calculations. ...
doi:10.1590/0103-6513.20190155
fatcat:kmxxoznsazeihnqtxenz5wjayq
International Regulation and Treatment of Trade Finance: What are the Issues?
2010
Social Science Research Network
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in the case of default), which are currently of interest to the trade finance community, in particular the traditional providers of trade credit and guarantees, such as banks, export credit agencies, ...
The paper does not deal with the specific issue of regulation of official insured-export credit, under the OECD Arrangement, which is a specific matter left out of this analysis. ...
Looking into the future: what are the important trade finance issues for "Basel III"? A. Acknowledging the safe character of trade credit and finance 1. ...
doi:10.2139/ssrn.1561623
fatcat:xrjsblcg35fwhaqdcy4riqp7ui
What Are the Most Oppressing Legal and Ethical Issues Facing Biorepositories and What Are Some Strategies to Address Them?
2011
Biopreservation and Biobanking
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This is far more complex and time consuming than issues concerning patient consent and what the specimens can be used for. ...
Two examples are the following: 1) The return of research results to patients: While this issue affects biorepositories worldwide, some of the legal issues that complicate this topic are national. ...
doi:10.1089/bio.2011.9403
pmid:24836626
pmcid:PMC4275773
fatcat:bypzusq5sne4ldeogkemd2tfsu
Moving Target: What Are the Key Elements That Are Conducive to a Creative Environment for Industrial/Product Design Study Today?
2022
Zenodo
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The pedagogic approaches to the delivery of the different aspects of industrial product design are examined as well as the varying emphasis given to the industrial product design skill set across programmes ...
This paper outlines research undertaken for the development of the new product design undergraduate programmes at the University of Derby in 2010. ...
An increased awareness of the importance of sustainability issues within product design was highlighted by employers, but also somewhat surprisingly by current students. ...
doi:10.5281/zenodo.5848877
fatcat:gp7iwihxmnchdb2hjggq22wwrm
Moving Target: What Are the Key Elements That Are Conducive to a Creative Environment for Industrial/Product Design Study Today?
2022
Zenodo
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The pedagogic approaches to the delivery of the different aspects of industrial product design are examined as well as the varying emphasis given to the industrial product design skill set across programmes ...
This paper outlines research undertaken for the development of the new product design undergraduate programmes at the University of Derby in 2010. ...
An increased awareness of the importance of sustainability issues within product design was highlighted by employers, but also somewhat surprisingly by current students. ...
doi:10.5281/zenodo.5848876
fatcat:bkghhv5mzrchbczt6qxqk53cta
Biosolids: what are the different types of reuse?
2019
Journal of Cleaner Production
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In recent years, rapid population growth and industrialization have increased the use of natural resources and the production of waste. ...
This paper aims to review the possible alternatives to reuse the BS in order to increase matter recovery. Around 250 papers, reviews, books and conference proceedings have been examined. ...
What are biosolids (BS)? ...
doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117844
fatcat:7kdlxcy7zvgqfeafmfovatmtam
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