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Prioritized norms in formal argumentation
2018
Journal of Logic and Computation
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Meanwhile, formal argumentation provides a way to represent nonmonotonic logics. In this paper, we propose a representation of prioritized normative reasoning by argumentation. ...
To resolve conflicts among norms, various nonmonotonic formalisms can be used to perform prioritized normative reasoning. ...
The research reported in this ...
doi:10.1093/logcom/exy009
fatcat:lyehut5z3neu7fkusz3mbryjve
Editorial
2018
Journal of Logic and Computation
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norms in formal argumentation', illustrate particularly well two central and related questions that arise at this interplay between argumentation, justification and norms: deontic detachment and normative ...
The first two papers of this issue, Beirlaen, Heininck and Straßer's 'Structured argumentation with prioritized conditional obligations and permissions' and Liao, Oren, Van der Torre and Villata's 'Prioritized ...
doi:10.1093/logcom/exy006
fatcat:rdxsqok6ezccljeqxbwrtn2zre
Student Conceptions of What it Means to Base a Proof on an Informal Argument
2016
International Journal of Research in Undergraduate Mathematics Education
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In this paper we explore how students construe what it means for an informal argument to be the basis of a proof. ...
We explore students' comparisons of informal arguments and formal proofs. Before discussing relevant literature, we clarify some terminology. ...
The instances where a student prioritized a single focus at the exclusion of others resulted in a normatively incorrect judgments about whether an informal argument is the basis of a proof. ...
doi:10.1007/s40753-016-0032-3
fatcat:zr4yl5mxebh3zezfpphtdx6xoa
From Abstract to Concrete Norms in Agent Institutions
[chapter]
2004
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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In this work we make use of logical methods in order to provide a formal characterization of the translation rules that operate the connection between abstract and concrete norms. ...
Norms specifying constraints over institutions are stated in such a form that allows them to regulate a wide range of situations over time without need for modification. ...
All remarks underlined in Section 4.2 about prioritizing defaults formalizing translation rules hold also for defaults formalizing normative rules. ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-540-30960-4_2
fatcat:n2vwkcjygnh7dmjivul4dqgzvm
Imagining and Preparing for the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Justification for Taking Caring Responsibilities into Consideration when Allocating Scarce Resources
2020
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
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My basic argument is that we should prioritize the survival of patients with caring responsibilities for similar reasons we should prioritize the survival of healthcare professionals. ...
Drawing on a threshold model that was designed to frame resource-allocation decisions in clinical care, I offer an ethical justification for taking caring responsibilities into consideration in such decisions ...
My basic argument is that we should prioritize the survival of patients with caring responsibilities for similar reasons we should prioritize the survival of healthcare professionals. ...
doi:10.1007/s11673-020-10041-8
pmid:33169246
pmcid:PMC7651793
fatcat:vkjhttnhgzeblohoqsclogxy7a
Normative reasoning by sequent-based argumentation
2015
Journal of Logic and Computation
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, such as reasoning with maximally consistent sets, prioritized norms, and deontic formalisms based on I/O logic. ...
In this paper we present an argumentative approach to normative reasoning. ...
For formalizing normative reasoning we need to enhance abstract argumentation in order to model the structure of arguments. There are various ways of doing so, like those in [18] and [41] . ...
doi:10.1093/logcom/exv050
fatcat:7yy7ea7yujepvbfcaxg53cxfrq
Dynamic Argument Systems: A Formal Model of Argumentation Processes Based on Situation Calculus
2001
Journal of Logic and Computation
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To illustrate the notions introduced in the paper we present a reconstruction of Rescher's theory of formal disputation and a dynamic argument system with three levels which we use to discuss a murder ...
We present a formal model of argumentation based on situation calculus which captures both the logical and the procedural aspects of argumentation processes. ...
In particular, this formalization fully captures Rescher's silence implies consent principle. ...
doi:10.1093/logcom/11.2.257
fatcat:hn7vvc65ovddzhhdmvtg6dr3ve
Reasoning Biases, Non-Monotonic Logics and Belief Revision
2016
Theoria
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Now, it seems reasonable to require that formal models of human reasoning be (minimally) empirically adequate if they are to be viewed as models of the phenomena in question. ...
A range of formal models of human reasoning have been proposed in a number of fields such as philosophy, logic, artificial intelligence, computer science, psychology, cognitive science, etc.: various logics ...
Thus, the non-prioritized belief revision formal framework as presented here suggests that the effect of beliefs in the participants' performance, which is viewed as a "bias" under the assumption that ...
doi:10.1111/theo.12108
fatcat:5y6zj4nggvgpxa2k36xkpx5rzi
Deontic logics for prioritized imperatives
2006
Artificial Intelligence and Law
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This paper examines how such a conflict resolution works, compares mechanisms that have been proposed in the literature, and gives preference to one developed by Brewka and Nebel. ...
So for a logical analysis, some formal representation of norms is required. I only consider unconditional imperatives like "Invite Jones to dinner!", and I is a set of such imperatives. ...
for ¬q as demonstrated, but intuitively any consistent argument including i1 cannot be defeated, so the argument for q should win. ...
doi:10.1007/s10506-005-5081-x
fatcat:2nwouwhnxzhxto4n43dzvam4oy
Who prioritizes the economy over health? The role of political orientation and human values
2021
Personality and Individual Differences
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In contrast, people valuing normative values less, interactive values more, reported higher levels of Covid-19 related fear, and were more left-leaning, tended to prioritize the health of people. ...
We found that people holding self-enhancement and normative values, had lower levels of Covid-19 fear, and were more right-leaning in terms of their political orientation, tended to prioritize the economy ...
Therefore, we hypothetize that prioritizing the economy would be influenced by materialistic values (i.e., promotion, existence, normative; Hypothesis 1), whereas prioritizing health would be influenced ...
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110890
pmid:34866722
pmcid:PMC8631548
fatcat:u7ci7kcmonb55fafkckkvglfcq
Introduction to Symposium on Devika Hovell "Due Process in the United Nations"
2016
AJIL Unbound
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in which it developed belies her argument. ...
Hovell's argument thus moves from ought to is and back again, striving for a normative analysis that is sensitive to empirical context. ...
Echoing Tzanakapoulos' argument about the UN sanctions regime, Freedman shows that in the Haiti context, the victims and their advocates turned to litigation not because they preferred or prioritized litigation ...
doi:10.1017/s2398772300002294
fatcat:xmm3g2nnjjeb7odpgndyl2gglq
Reaching beyond the review of research evidence: a qualitative study of decision making during the development of clinical practice guidelines for disease prevention in healthcare
2017
BMC Health Services Research
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assessment and prioritization within and between four different lifestyle areas. ...
The frequency of the use of various criteria in discussions varied over time. ...
The chair of the group has the potential to influence processes and norms in a direction where information is distributed and shared [50, 51] . ...
doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2277-1
pmid:28490325
pmcid:PMC5426017
fatcat:b7uunjki5nh4djmkxbzuransnu
Philosophy Of Law And The Development Of Law As A Normative Legal Science
2022
International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences
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Philosophy is an attempt to fundamentally study and express a man's depiction in the world towards the afterlife. The object is material and formal. ...
in human life. ...
In terms of argumentation, juridical (law) argumentation is a special argumentation model. The specificity of the argument is: no judge or lawyer starts arguing from a vacuum. ...
doi:10.51601/ijersc.v3i1.293
fatcat:t23mpf23u5bl7ovabs5fnoqx6y
Zenker's Ceteris Paribus in Conservative Belief Revision: On the Role of Minimal Change in Rational Theory Development
2009
Informal Logic
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Zenker is correct in pointing out that structuralist reconstruction fails in prioritizing the formal elements over the historical. ...
Although a background in formal logic and model theory are not needed, having some familiarity with formal logic and model theory certainly helps. ...
doi:10.22329/il.v29i4.2909
fatcat:rhk45gfh6jdlbg2webnkuyv4e4
Nonmonotonic reasoning as prioritized argumentation
2001
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
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This paper proposes a formalism for nonmonotonic reasoning based on prioritized argumentation. ...
We also show that it is possible, but more di cult, to express prioritized argumentation by default logic: even some particular forms of prioritized argumentation cannot be represented modularly by defaults ...
In particular, the term prioritized argumentation was rst used by a referee which prompted an investigation that produced Section 2.3. ...
doi:10.1109/69.971190
fatcat:5pvgxa7zmnet5gtygzbdh6fsyq
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