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Primary hand motor representation areas in healthy children, preadolescents, adolescents, and adults
2020
NeuroImage
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The development of the organization of the motor representation areas in children and adolescents is not well-known. ...
Similarly, there was less overlap between hand and forearm muscles representations in children compared to adults (p<0.001). ...
The funding sources had no involvement in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117702
pmid:33385558
fatcat:btfwx75osjc7bhzfaxsxgobkxi
Development of corticospinal motor excitability and cortical silent period from mid-childhood to adulthood – a navigated TMS study
2018
Neurophysiologie clinique
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METHODS Both hemispheres of healthy right-handed children (6-9 years, n=10), preadolescents (10-12 years, n=13), adolescents (14-17 years, n=12) and young adults (22-34 years, n=12) of both genders were ...
The optimal cortical representation site and resting motor threshold (rMT) were determined for the abductor pollicis brevis muscle. ...
The authors wish to thank all subjects for participating in the study. We thank ...
doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2017.11.004
pmid:29274767
fatcat:cqv2nxh3rjgwjo7jdyx4untnyu
Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhanced Motor Learning on Robotic Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Motor Maps in Children
2021
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Primary mapping outcomes were volume (mm2/mV) and area (mm2). Secondary outcomes were centre of gravity (COG, mm) and hotspot magnitude (mV). ...
Large effects on map area and volume were not observed while changes in COG may occur. ...
in healthy adults and children (Nitsche and Paulus, 2000; Nitsche et al., 2003; Ciechanski and Kirton, 2017; Cole et al., 2018) and enlarged motor map representations following motor performance alone ...
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.747840
pmid:34690726
pmcid:PMC8526891
fatcat:kf7ldkkyg5eoln6vm7zxfaiegm
Functional and structural asymmetry in primary motor cortex in Asperger syndrome: a navigated TMS and imaging study
2019
Brain Topography
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With nTMS, we found less focused cortical representation areas of distinct hand muscles in AS. ...
in manual dexterity and other motor functions commonly encountered in children with AS. ...
In healthy adults, the muscle representation areas of hand, wrist and shoulder have been shown to overlap substantially and to be of equal size even though the locations of their optimal sites or CoGs ...
doi:10.1007/s10548-019-00704-0
fatcat:5pp6m77lu5gnham5pn3okdkl64
A Narrative Review of School-Based Physical Activity for Enhancing Cognition and Learning: The Importance of Relevancy and Integration
2018
Frontiers in Psychology
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Engaging in regular physical activity can have substantial cognitive and academic benefits for children, and is generally promoted for its beneficial effects on children's physical and mental health. ...
In this narrative review, we describe these two separately evolved schools of thought, highlighting their differences and commonalities. ...
Caterina Pesce and Amie Wallman-Jone for the fruitful feedback and proofreading the manuscript respectively. ...
doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02079
pmid:30464752
pmcid:PMC6234858
fatcat:umbtff2zfzfrdncdmfo332c4re
Training-Induced Neural Plasticity in Youth: A Systematic Review of Structural and Functional MRI Studies
2021
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Here, we systematically review MRI-based evidence of training-induced neural plasticity in children and adolescents. A total of 71 articles were included in the review. ...
Significant changes in brain activation, structure, microstructure, and structural and functional connectivity were reported with different types of trainings in the majority (87%) of the studies. ...
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS OT and RG formulated the research question. OT conducted literature search and data extraction, and RG supervised this process. OT and RG wrote and revised the manuscript. ...
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.497245
pmid:33536885
pmcid:PMC7848153
fatcat:oebewauzhfa3zdlil3xo3rnoo4
The relationship between white matter microstructure, cardiovascular fitness, gross motor skills, and neurocognitive functioning in children
2021
Journal of Neuroscience Research
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This study investigates the role of white matter microstructure in the relationship of both cardiovascular fitness and gross motor skills with neurocognitive functioning in healthy children. ...
Recent evidence indicates that both cardiovascular fitness and gross motor skill performance are related to enhanced neurocognitive functioning in children by influencing brain structure and functioning ...
However, the available studies show that higher cardiovascular fitness is related to greater FA in healthy preadolescent children (Chaddock-Heyman et al., 2014) and greater FA and lower AD and RD in ...
doi:10.1002/jnr.24851
pmid:34019710
pmcid:PMC8453576
fatcat:oqsiptabjjgh3fhy2cnvshynba
Evaluation of the Feasibility of International Growth Standards for School-Aged Children and Adolescents
2006
Food and Nutrition Bulletin
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Diane Reese and Brenda Denzler for their assistance in editing the manuscript, and we are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers. ...
Onderzoek (TNO) for his cooperation in this process. ...
Growth Standard for Preadolescent and Adolescent Children. ...
doi:10.1177/15648265060274s501
pmid:17361654
fatcat:arq2t4aiefervjcijhsc2w7mly
Relationship of temporal lobe volumes to neuropsychological test performance in healthy children
2008
Brain and Cognition
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; Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Third Edition-PPVT-III) in 48 healthy children ages 5-18 years. ...
Studies have examined the relationship between adaptive skills and test performance, with less focus on the association between regional brain volumes and neurobehavioral function in healthy children. ...
This study was supported by NIH grants R01 NS042851 and M01 RR 00052. ...
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2008.04.004
pmid:18513844
pmcid:PMC2592537
fatcat:y35jo4oxxvfajh46jradar6xji
The mirror mechanism and its potential role in autism spectrum disorder
2012
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
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ASD Autism spectrum disorder The mirror mechanism allows the direct translation of a perceived (seen, felt, heard) action into the same motor representation of its related goal. ...
In this review, we address the theoretical issues underlying the social impairments in ASD and discuss them in relation to the cognitive role of the mirror mechanism. ...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by the EU grants TESIS and Rossi to VG, the European Research Council Grant CogSystem to MJR, and Fondazione Monte to CB. ...
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04398.x
pmid:22924341
fatcat:cxlabj7qejdell6fyy3icc3h6i
Thinking, Walking, Talking: Integratory Motor and Cognitive Brain Function
2016
Frontiers in Public Health
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In this article, we argue that motor and cognitive processes are functionally related and most likely share a similar evolutionary history. ...
In addition, we also argue that cognitive processes coincide with complex motor output. ...
FiGURe 2 | 2 Motor network connections during unimanual hand movements in (A) healthy individuals and (B) significant differences in functional coupling during affected (right) hand movement in individuals ...
doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00094
pmid:27252937
pmcid:PMC4879139
fatcat:5slkniq4pvalviygipvwmmg27i
Effects of physical activity on children's executive function: Contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise
2010
Developmental Review
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Executive function refers to the cognitive processes necessary for goal-directed cognition and behavior, which develop across childhood and adolescence. ...
Finally, these experimental findings are placed within the larger context of known links between action and cognition in infancy and early childhood, and the clinical and practical implications of this ...
, Lindqvist, Bergman, Bohlin, & Klingberg, 2008) , older children and adolescents (Klingberg, Forssberg, & Westerberg, 2002; Klingberg et al., 2005) , and adults Jaeggi, Buschkuehl, Jonides, & Perrig ...
doi:10.1016/j.dr.2010.08.001
pmid:21818169
pmcid:PMC3147174
fatcat:5jlkb72okrhoboiy5ls2lxcdfy
Developmental Tuning and Decay in Senescence of Oscillations Linking the Corticospinal System
2010
Journal of Neuroscience
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In children, CMC was smaller and less stationary in amplitude and frequency than in adults. ...
in children (4 -12 years of age), young adults (20 -35 years of age), and elderly adults (Ͼ55 years of age). ...
Conclusions We have previously proposed that representation of the hand in the human primary sensorimotor cortex is reflected in a "frequency coding" as well as in areal-based, somatotopic representation ...
doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5621-09.2010
pmid:20220000
fatcat:iqexf6goovh5boy775xceubv5e
Neural representation of expected value in the adolescent brain
2014
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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This work was supported in part by startup funds (to A.G.) and by a UCLA Translational Neuroscience of Drug Addiction Predoctoral Fellowship (to E.B.-L.). ...
We thank participating families and helpful comments from members of the A.G. Laboratory and Craig R. Fox. ...
Nineteen healthy right-handed adult participants (ages 25-30, mean age 27.9 y, SD = 1.9 y; 11 female) and 22 healthy right-handed adolescent participants (ages 13-17, mean age 15.6 y, SD = 1.4 y; 11 female ...
doi:10.1073/pnas.1319762111
pmid:24474790
pmcid:PMC3910617
fatcat:xi6vurtq3bgrvlja3p5ft3czi4
A time of change: Behavioral and neural correlates of adolescent sensitivity to appetitive and aversive environmental cues
2010
Brain and Cognition
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We highlight empirical work in humans and animals that addresses the interactions between these neural systems in adolescents relative to children and adults, and propose a neurobiological model that may ...
account for the nonlinear changes in adolescent behavior. ...
Sackler family, and the Dewitt-Wallace Fund. ...
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.07.003
pmid:19695759
pmcid:PMC2814936
fatcat:pzajwkbedvfuvixc3zg3fekahi
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