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Recognizing handwritten text
1991
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems Reaching through technology - CHI '91
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If recognizes require unnaturally neat or boxed character input, such systems may fail in the marketplace. Neural nets have shown excellent performance at handwriting recognition. ...
Handwriting recognition may be an important component of such systems, but only if everyday sloppy handwriting can be accommodated. ...
Figure 3 : 3 #a.mz #a..z #a..z #a..z #a..z #a..z A network to employ context in character recognition. ...
doi:10.1145/108844.108914
dblp:conf/chi/Pittman91
fatcat:oxsolzpkxfbezm6bmrhrfvceai
Handwritten Character Recognition on Focused on the Segmentation of Character Prototypes in Small Strips
2017
International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications
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A handwritten text can contain letters lowercase, uppercase letters, characters sticks and digits. ...
Therefore, it is capital to know extract and separate all these different units in order to process them with specific algorithms to their class handwriting. ...
The results obtained by our approach in a Multi scripter context of mixed writing are promising and encouraging. ...
doi:10.5815/ijisa.2017.12.04
fatcat:c6skwzsz2ffyrhnty2osu5okpe
Handwritten Optical Character Recognition (OCR): A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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Given the ubiquity of handwritten documents in human transactions, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of documents have invaluable practical worth. ...
Optical character recognition is a science that enables to translate various types of documents or images into analyzable, editable and searchable data. ...
of mixed numerals. 719
2009
[24]
262
2009
[25]
A novel connectionist system for unconstrained handwriting recognition.
1175
2009
[26]
Markov models for offline handwriting recognition ...
arXiv:2001.00139v1
fatcat:p3rdutz35besxfxf7suozt7r2u
optical character recognition
[chapter]
2000
Computer Science and Communications Dictionary
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When hand-printed characters were considered, the character set was constrained to numerals and a few letters and symbols. ...
Figure 8 : 8 Elliptical Fourier descriptors
Figure 9 : 9 Strokes extracted from the capital letters F, H and N. ...
doi:10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_12944
fatcat:6gd2qmtoxbdvjebz3mc6yeizia
Optical Character Recognition
[chapter]
2016
Practical Laboratory Automation
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When hand-printed characters were considered, the character set was constrained to numerals and a few letters and symbols. ...
Figure 8 : 8 Elliptical Fourier descriptors
Figure 9 : 9 Strokes extracted from the capital letters F, H and N. ...
doi:10.1002/9783527801954.app2
fatcat:i7yhlctvwnh23fvgfyqubxsvhm
Optical character recognition
1986
Computer Communications
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When hand-printed characters were considered, the character set was constrained to numerals and a few letters and symbols. ...
Figure 8 : 8 Elliptical Fourier descriptors
Figure 9 : 9 Strokes extracted from the capital letters F, H and N. ...
doi:10.1016/0140-3664(86)90284-7
fatcat:gcuc2u2idrfzbbgbylafwv6rmm
Objective evaluation of the discriminant power of features in an HMM-based word recognition system
[chapter]
1997
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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This paper describes an elegant method for evaluating the discriminant power of features in the framework of an HMM-based word recognition system. ...
This method employs statistical indicators, entropy and perplexity, to quantify the capability of each feature to discriminate between classes without resorting to the result of the recognition phase. ...
Fig. 2 . 2 Variability of handwriting styles: Handprinted (a) and (b), Cursive (c) and Mixed (d) and (e). ...
doi:10.1007/3-540-63791-5_4
fatcat:ntttdkkmobaopdjcrb64ilht6q
Preliminary Research on Computer-Assisted Transcription of Medieval Scripts in the Latin Alphabet using AI Computer Vision techniques and Machine Learning. A Romanian Exploratory Initiative
2020
Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Digitalia
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Our description will start by summarizing the previous attempts and the mixed-results achieved in e-palaeography so far, a continuously growing field of combined scholarship at an international level. ...
in an experimental project aiming to assist and improve the transcription effort of medieval texts with AI software solutions, uniquely designed and trained for the task. ...
Acknowledgment This work was supported by a grant from the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNDI-UEFISCDI, project PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0064: "The Rise of an Intellectual Elite in ...
doi:10.24193/subbdigitalia.2020.1.03
fatcat:egilfihzibhllenf4q23vt5rtu
Historical Document Processing: Historical Document Processing: A Survey of Techniques, Tools, and Trends
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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, to convert images of ancient manuscripts, letters, diaries, and early printed texts automatically into a digital format usable in data mining and information retrieval systems. ...
It incorporates algorithms and software tools from various subfields of computer science, including computer vision, document analysis and recognition, natural language processing, and machine learning ...
Therefore, handwriting recognition (in contrast to optical character recognition) usually relies on a recognition methodology that is segmentation free at the character level. ...
arXiv:2002.06300v2
fatcat:nxufntuk7famfph6ownyuys2py
Discrimination between Arabic and Latin from bilingual documents
[article]
2012
arXiv
pre-print
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2011
2011 International Conference on Communications, Computing and Control Applications (CCCA)
unpublished
doi:10.1109/ccca.2011.6031496 fatcat:rng4uy5xnba55l5qgsyabcxc2m
doi:10.1109/ccca.2011.6031496 fatcat:rng4uy5xnba55l5qgsyabcxc2m
2011 International Conference on Communications, Computing and Control Applications (CCCA) ...
Contrary to the Latin script, the Arab characters are script from the right to left, and do not comprise capital letters. ...
Among the obtained results, we find the OCR (Optical characters recognition). This system makes to read the scripts form images, to convert them in numerical form. ...
arXiv:1204.1615v1
fatcat:fuq5bm5465dntaflwcg7yrakou
A survey of methods and strategies in character segmentation
1996
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
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The higher recognition rates for isolated characters vs. those obtained for words and connected character strings well illustrate this fact. ...
A good part of recent progress in reading unconstrained printed and written text may be ascribed to more insightful handling of segmentation. This paper provides a review of these advances. ...
Acknowledgment An earlier, abbreviated version of this survey was presented at ICDAR95 in Montreal, Canada. Prof. George Nagy and Dr. ...
doi:10.1109/34.506792
fatcat:jxlca7tthvgslazh57y5ki3fke
Handwritten Optical Character Recognition (OCR): A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
2020
IEEE Access
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Given the ubiquity of handwritten documents in human transactions, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of documents have invaluable practical worth. ...
Optical character recognition is a science that enables to translate various types of documents or images into analyzable, editable and searchable data. ...
FIGURE 11 . 11 (a) Primitive and relations (b) Directed graph for capital letter R and E [100] .
FIGURE 12 . 12 Sample image from CEDAR dataset [42] . ...
doi:10.1109/access.2020.3012542
fatcat:f5bfni5kbfhf3i63lvv3t6pena
Deep Learning for Historical Document Analysis and Recognition—A Survey
2020
Journal of Imaging
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Nowadays, deep learning methods are employed in a broad range of research fields. The analysis and recognition of historical documents, as we survey in this work, is not an exception. ...
We also discuss research datasets published in the field and their applications. ...
of the presence of various artefacts (like capital illuminated letters and marginalia, that is, notes added to the page). ...
doi:10.3390/jimaging6100110
pmid:34460551
pmcid:PMC8321201
fatcat:nevh2ctshzfwtey4girgjtaftq
A survey on Arabic character segmentation
2012
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition
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Arabic character segmentation is a necessary step in Arabic Optical Character Recognition (OCR). ...
The cursive nature of Arabic script poses challenging problems in Arabic character recognition; however, incorrectly segmented characters will cause misclassifications of characters which in turn may lead ...
In the last few years, there, also, has been recent work in different areas such as text segmentation from mixed documents [117] , omnifont Arabic text recognition using HMM [118] , online Arabic handwriting ...
doi:10.1007/s10032-012-0188-6
fatcat:w5hszp2ksbcb3kw627yw2cwehy
Capitalization and punctuation restoration: a survey
2021
Artificial Intelligence Review
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2021 pre-print arXiv:2111.10746v1 fatcat:qgki33cebvgmdj2tlb2zkt54bi
Ensuring proper punctuation and letter casing is a key pre-processing step towards applying complex natural language processing algorithms. ...
This is especially significant for textual sources where punctuation and casing are missing, such as the raw output of automatic speech recognition systems. ...
This is confirmed in numerous papers cited throughout this survey where
such individual models were compared with mixed models. ...
doi:10.1007/s10462-021-10051-x
fatcat:j4blakzh5rew3iljtytpcnnc4q
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