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Model Checking the FlexRay Physical Layer Protocol
[chapter]
2010
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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In this paper, we present the first timed automata model of its physical layer protocol, and we use automatic verification to prove fault tolerance under several error models and hardware assumptions. ...
The FlexRay standard, developed by a cooperation of leading companies in the automotive industry, is a robust communication protocol for distributed components in modern vehicles. ...
The authors want to thank Matthew Lewis for pointing out the Nangate Open Cell Library [11] and the anynomous reviewers for their helpful comments. ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-15898-8_9
fatcat:bvvypbu46baizcgav4zunmauvm
Modeling and verifying the FlexRay physical layer protocol with reachability checking of timed automata
[article]
2021
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In this thesis, I report on the verification of the resilience of the FlexRay automotive bus protocol's physical layer protocol against glitches during message transmission and drifting clocks. ...
Finally, it reports on the verified resilience of FlexRay's physical layer protocol against specific patterns of glitches under varying assumptions about the underlying hardware, like clock drift. ...
This work was partially supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the Transregional Collaborative Research Center "Automatic Verification and Analysis of Complex Systems" (SFB/TR 14 ...
doi:10.22028/d291-33312
fatcat:of5lcfrlz5hhdirguw4ga4hgja
FlexRay for Avionics: Automatic Verification with Parametric Physical Layers
2012
Infotech@Aerospace 2012
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We use the real-time model checker Uppaal to automatically verify the behavior of the FlexRay physical layer protocol when executed on a range of hardware configurations. ...
Upgrading existing physical layers, such as CAN-based systems, with FlexRay is attractive, especially given that inexpensive FlexRay hardware is available on the market. ...
This work was partially supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the Transregional Collaborative Research Center "Automatic Verification and Analysis of Complex Systems" (SFB/TR 14 ...
doi:10.2514/6.2012-2583
dblp:conf/itaero/0002EFP12
fatcat:digsijf4jvfkfozhjwc43ipegq
On the verification of automotive protocols
2006
Proceedings of the Design Automation & Test in Europe Conference
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LIN, CAN and FlexRay protocols. ...
In automotive, the verification flow is historically based on a layered approach, where each level (model, design and system) has its proper verification and validation methodology. ...
The main block is the PE verification component that contains a model of the Protocol Engine based on what described in FlexRay specifications. ...
doi:10.1109/date.2006.243873
dblp:conf/date/ZarriCDMPRT06
fatcat:2trurjgcy5fk3oflgutb724dlu
Towards a Systematic Test for Embedded Automotive Communication Systems
2008
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
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In this paper we concentrate on the test of distributed systems based on FlexRay, the protocol that is envisioned as the communication backbone for future automotive systems. ...
The cornerstones of our approach are a decomposition of the system into layers and mechanisms, and a versatile strategy for monitoring and stimulation under various conditions. ...
Our approach is somewhat similar to the OSI layer model, however, finer-grained. In [28] , we have illustrated the complete model for the FlexRay communication services. ...
doi:10.1109/tii.2008.2002704
fatcat:76z7vuc2bjdgtnyf5yc43tmmbe
Design of a FlexRay/Ethernet Gateway and Security Mechanism for In-Vehicle Networks
2020
Sensors
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This is because the existing communication protocols (such as FlexRay) do not provide sufficiently high bandwidth requirements. ...
For one-to-one mapping logic, the execution times of FlexRay to the Ethernet path and Ethernet to FlexRay path are constant, at 4.67 μs and 6.71 μs, respectively. ...
Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank the Editors and all the Reviewers for their valuable comments.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. ...
doi:10.3390/s20030641
pmid:31979269
pmcid:PMC7038325
fatcat:yafjwaii3rgshbmaeasjw6uvsy
Categorizing and Analysis of Activated Faults in the FlexRay Communication Controller Registers
2009
2009 14th IEEE European Test Symposium
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FlexRay communication protocol is expected becoming the de-facto standard for distributed safetycritical systems. ...
To study the activated faults, a FlexRay bus network, composed of four nodes, was modeled by Verilog HDL; and a total of 135,600 transient faults were injected in only one node, where 9,342 (6.9%) of the ...
In addition, its physical layer provides support for bus, star, and multiple star topologies [4] . ...
doi:10.1109/ets.2009.21
dblp:conf/ets/SedaghatM09
fatcat:67q25z7y7rdwzmvn63t5vydzee
Refactoring an Automotive Embedded Software Stack using the Component-Based Paradigm
2007
2007 International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems
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We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by performing the refactoring of the modules FlexRay Driver and FlexRay Interface as an example and by deploying the resulting refactored components in a ...
the particular requirements of the application. ...
Furthermore, if acknowledgment or flow control is required by the higher layer, the respective slices (namely the flow control and/or the acknowledgment slice) of the FlexRay Transport Protocol are required ...
doi:10.1109/sies.2007.4297336
dblp:conf/sies/GallaSFKGH07
fatcat:bxvfmx2c75d3xh4brus7zamo5q
A Low-Cost On-Line Monitoring Mechanism for the FlexRay Communication Protocol
2009
2009 Fourth Latin-American Symposium on Dependable Computing
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Based on these results and detailed study of the FlexRay specifications, a low-cost on-line monitoring mechanism is proposed to check freeze errors. ...
Among the communication protocols, FlexRay is expected to become the communication backbone for future automotive systems. ...
Fault tolerance of the TTP/C protocol has been assessed, by heavy-ion fault injection [16] and physical pin-level fault-injection [17] . ...
doi:10.1109/ladc.2009.20
dblp:conf/ladc/SedaghatM09
fatcat:k6fjrx76obgz7h5t7azzjf2qm4
A Code Generation Framework for Time-Triggered Real-Time Systems
2009
2009 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems
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We present the plug-in interfaces and describe sample plug-ins we developed for the FlexRay communication bus using two hardware platforms with FlexRay controllers. ...
The framework is extensible by the use of plug-ins, which are used to support specific node platforms and communication protocols and therefore guarantee a clear separation of platform independent from ...
scheduler plug-in for the time-triggered FlexRay protocol. ...
doi:10.1109/icess.2009.46
dblp:conf/icess/PletzerTP09
fatcat:6w3bfkisg5dabm2suxug3lifpm
A Systematic Development Methodology for Mixed-Mode Behavioral Models of In-Vehicle Embedded Electronic Systems
2010
EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems
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The model development methodology is described and the results of the methodology applied to two case studies are presented: (1) the mixed-mode behavioral model of a generic Flexray physical layer transceiver ...
and (2) the mixed-mode behavioral model of a CAN bus transceiver-integrated circuit. ...
Flexray Physical Layer Transceiver. The mixed-mode behavioral model of Flexray physical layer transceiver reported in [16] is fully compatible with the Flexray standard [9] . ...
doi:10.1155/2010/726286
fatcat:r6vybin37bg4zkkns6yszrfw4a
EVALUATION OF BABBLING IDIOT FAILURES IN FLEXRAY-BASED NETWORKES
2007
IFAC Proceedings Volumes
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To do this, a FlexRay communication controller is modeled by Verilog HDL at the behavioral level. Then, this controller is exploited to setup a FlexRay-based network composed of four nodes. ...
The evaluation is based on about 35680 bit-flip fault injections inside different parts of the FlexRay communication controller. ...
FAILURE AND ERROR MODELS
Error models The FlexRay protocol has different mechanisms for detecting errors in the controller. ...
doi:10.3182/20071107-3-fr-3907.00055
fatcat:wwcn2u3ptvb4boy7mwvcrosbkm
An FSM-based monitoring technique to differentiate between follow-up and original errors in safety-critical distributed embedded systems
2011
Microelectronics Journal
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The proposed technique is based on monitoring the operational states of a communication controller. In this paper, this technique has been applied to the FlexRay protocol. ...
However, it is applicable for all communication protocols having an FSM-based description such as FlexRay, TTP/C, and TT-Ethernet. ...
Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank Mrs. ...
doi:10.1016/j.mejo.2011.04.003
fatcat:qt7ti4fdyvdezhcx54wiviptte
Energy Efficiency Due to a Common Global Timebase—Synchronizing FlexRay to 802.1AS Networks as a Foundation
2018
Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications
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Nowadays, this is achieved by technologies specifically designed for the automotive domain, like FlexRay, which offer a fault-tolerant time synchronization mechanism built into the protocol. ...
In this article, we present the first step: Synchronizing legacy FlexRay networks to the upcoming Ethernet backbone, which will contain a precise clock over the generalized Precision Time Protocol (gPTP ...
Acknowledgments: This research was done, while Paul Milbredt was working for AUDI AG, whom we thank not only for all the resources but also for the permission to publish. ...
doi:10.3390/jlpea8030026
fatcat:pi5lkktmnre3xal33f5icjo374
An approach to the pervasive formal specification and verification of an automotive system
2005
Proceedings of the 10th international workshop on Formal methods for industrial critical systems - FMICS '05
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We will discuss in detail the model layers from the hardware up to a computational model for concurrent user processes interacting with a generic microkernel written in C. ...
The Verisoft project aims at the pervasive formal verification of entire computer systems. In particular, the verification of functional and timing properties of the Automotive System is attempted. ...
The OSEKtime standard comprises a fault-tolerant communication layer, FTCom, which supports real-time bus protocols as FlexRay. ...
doi:10.1145/1081180.1081195
fatcat:vap5ajcewfb2bc6lt6rfjfwg5i
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