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Impact of common sample pre-treatments on key soil microbial properties
2021
Soil Biology and Biochemistry
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Pre-treatment of soil samples prior to analysis is acknowledged to affect microbial activity and community parameters, but recommendations are diverging and there are no best-practice or standardised laboratory protocols. For the microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) as a ratio parameter of C allocated to anabolism over total metabolised C, the effects of sample pre-treatment are unpredictable because the underlying parameters of microbial metabolism may be affected differently. In treatment or
doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108321
fatcat:ujrfzipti5bptdvucqyaqgpu5u
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... land use comparisons, it is important to know whether soils are affected in a similar way by pre-treatment. Based on five different paired sites (each with cropland and forest), the effects of six common pre-treatments were evaluated on 18 O-CUE and associated parameters, i.e. respiration rate, soil microbial biomass C, total DNA extracted, and estimated abundances of fungi, bacteria and archaea. The six common pre-treatments were: (i) immediate analysis of field-fresh soil samples, and analysis following 14 d pre-incubation of soil samples that were (ii) field-fresh, (iii) air-dried, (iv) oven-dried (40 • C), (v) frozen at − 20 • C and (vi) frozen in-situ (dry ice and subsequently liquid N 2 ). The experiment revealed two main findings. The first was that pre-incubation of 14 d had the most pronounced effect and reduced microbial respiration rate, growth rate and microbial biomass C by between 28% and 63% on average compared with field-fresh samples, suggesting an impact of the reduction in readily available substrates on microbial activity. The second finding was that even after 14 days of pre-incubation, drying & rewetting caused an increase in the microbial respiration rate in forest soil samples of 64 ± 53% (air-drying) and 86 ± 65% (oven-drying), known as the Birch effect. However, CUE as a ratio parameter was found to be unaffected by sample pre-treatment, with only minor changes after 14 d of pre-incubation. Pre-treatment (including pre-incubation) affected cropland and forest samples similarly, with one exception: the estimated abundance of fungi increased only with drying & rewetting in forest soils. This suggests that dried cropland soils could potentially yield appropriate community data, while forest soils respond to soil drying in a more complex way. It was concluded that CUE values can be derived from soil samples regardless of whether they were dried & rewetted, frozen & thawed, or stored fresh.
Coagulation Factor XIII in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
2019
TH Open
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Fragment-based identification of multi-target ligands by self-organizing map alignment
2012
Journal of Cheminformatics
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Self-reported neck pain is associated with migraine but not with tension-type headache in adolescents
2014
Cephalalgia
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Aim: The aim of the present analysis is to confirm or refute the association of neck pain to migraine or tension-type headache and to assess whether this association is independent of other risk factors for headache. Methods: Secondary school students were invited to complete a questionnaire on headache and lifestyle factors in a cross-sectional study. Neck pain was assessed via (a) a screening question concerning neck pain and (b) denoting affected areas in schematic drawings of the human
doi:10.1177/0333102414523338
pmid:24554618
fatcat:m236yjr5irg75dzw5btycxvkry
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... Results: Absolute increment in prevalence of headache with pain in the shoulder-neck region was between 7.5% and 9.6%. Gender, grade, stress and lifestyle factors were assessed as potential confounding factors. Nearly all factors were associated with shoulder-neck pain and most with headache. After adjustment for confounders, the association of neck pain with headache was almost completely confined to migraine (OR 2.39; 95% CI 1.48-3.85) and migraine þ tension-type headache (OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.50-2.99), whereas the association with isolated tension-type headache was negligible (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.87-1.69). Conclusion: Neck pain is associated with migraine but not with tension-type headache. A possible link between migraine and neck pain may be the cervico-trigeminal convergence of neck and meningeal sensory afferents or a disturbed descending inhibition in migraine.
Childhood Stroke: Awareness, Interest, and Knowledge Among the Pediatric Community
2018
Frontiers in Pediatrics
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Objective: Acute childhood stroke is an emergency requiring a high level of awareness among first-line healthcare providers. This survey serves as an indicator of the awareness of, the interest in, and knowledge of childhood stroke of German pediatricians. Methods: Thousand six hundred and ninety-seven physicians of pediatric in-and outpatient facilities in Bavaria, Germany, were invited via email to an online-survey about childhood stroke. Results: The overall participation rate was 14%.
doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00182
pmid:29988546
pmcid:PMC6026646
fatcat:uld3eupbnvcmlkw6bqdmztbjom
more »
... six percent of participants considered a diagnosis of childhood stroke at least once during the past year, and 47% provide care for patients who have suffered childhood stroke. The acronym FAST (Face-Arm-Speech-Time-Test) was correctly cited in 27% of the questionnaires. Most commonly quoted symptoms of childhood stroke were hemiparesis (90%), speech disorder (58%), seizure (44%), headache (40%), and impaired consciousness (33%). Migraine (63%), seizure (39%), and infections of the brain (31%) were most frequently named as stroke mimics. Main diagnostic measures indicated were magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (96%) and computer tomography (CT) (55%). Main therapeutic strategies were thrombolysis (80%), anticoagulation (41%), neuroprotective measures, and thrombectomies (15% each). Thirty-nine percent of participants had taken part in training sessions, 61% studied literature, 37% discussed with colleagues, and 25% performed internet research on childhood stroke. Ninety-three percent of participants approve skill enhancement, favoring training sessions (80%), publications (43%), and web based offers (35%). Consent for offering a flyer on the topic to caregivers in facilities was given in 49%. Conclusion: Childhood stroke constitutes a topic of clinical importance to pediatricians. Participants demonstrate a considerable level of comprehension concerning the subject, but room for improvement remains. A multi-modal approach encompassing an elaborate Bonfert et al. Awareness of Childhood Stroke training program, regular educational publications in professional journals, and web based offers could reach a broad range of health care providers. Paired with a public adult and childhood stroke awareness campaign, these efforts could contribute to optimize the care for children suffering from stroke.
Prognostic value of procalcitonin in respiratory tract infections across clinical settings
2015
Critical Care
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Whether the inflammatory biomarker procalcitonin provides prognostic information across clinical settings and different acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) is poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the prognostic value of admission procalcitonin levels to predict adverse clinical outcome in a large ARI population. Methods: We analysed data from 14 trials and 4,211 ARI patients to study associations of admission procalcitonin levels and setting specific treatment failure
doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0792-1
pmid:25887979
pmcid:PMC4383063
fatcat:ykfhzirf5vedxmg67fl577caam
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... nd mortality alone at 30 days. We used multivariable hierarchical logistic regression and conducted sensitivity analyses stratified by clinical settings and ARI diagnoses to assess the results' consistency. Results: Overall, 864 patients (20.5%) experienced treatment failure and 252 (6.0%) died. The ability of procalcitonin to differentiate patients with from those without treatment failure was highest in the emergency department setting (treatment failure area under the curve (AUC): 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61, 0.67), adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.85 (95% CI: 1.61, 2.12), P <0.001; and mortality AUC: 0.67 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.71), adjusted OR: 1.82 (95% CI: 1.45, 2.29), P <0.001). In lower respiratory tract infections, procalcitonin was a good predictor of identifying patients at risk for mortality (AUC: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.74), adjusted OR: 2.13 (95% CI: 1.82, 2.49), P <0.001). In primary care and intensive care unit patients, no significant association of initial procalcitonin levels and outcome was found. Conclusions: Admission procalcitonin levels are associated with setting specific treatment failure and provide the most prognostic information regarding ARI in the emergency department setting.
Dispersal of suspended sediments and nutrients in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon during river-discharge events: conclusions from satellite remote sensing and concurrent flood-plume sampling
2010
Marine and Freshwater Research
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Intense wet-season rainfall in January 2005 caused rivers in the Mackay-Whitsunday region of Queensland, Australia, to produce large discharges to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon. The regional land use is dominated by sugarcane cultivation, beef grazing and urban uses. The high nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) fluxes from these land uses via river runoff produced a massive phytoplankton bloom in the GBR lagoon, which, after 9 days, had spread 150 km offshore. The plume and algal bloom
doi:10.1071/mf08030
fatcat:vemrqw2b5zd5lbm7j2v7z5473y
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... ounded inner-shelf reefs of the GBR such as Brampton Island Reef and its spread was tracked with a variety of satellite sensors including MODIS, SeaWiFS and Landsat over the 9-day period. The ability to be able to access imagery from a large number of satellite sensors allowed almost daily estimates of the extent of plume to be made, despite periods of cloud. Analysis of water samples from the plume revealed elevated (2-50 times higher) concentrations of Chlorophyll a (and hence phytoplankton biomass), up to 50 times higher than in non-flood conditions, nutrients (2-100 times higher) and herbicide residues (10-100 times higher) compared with GBR lagoon waters in nondischarge conditions. The concentration data from the samples and estimated exposure periods from the satellite images allowed estimates of the exposure of GBR marine ecosystems (coral reefs, the pelagic community, seagrass beds and mangrove forests) to the terrestrial contaminants to be made.
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of the upper trapezius muscles – assessment of myofascial trigger points in patients with migraine
2019
The Journal of Headache and Pain
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Research in migraine points towards central-peripheral complexity with a widespread pattern of structures involved. Migraine-associated neck and shoulder muscle pain has clinically been conceptualized as myofascial trigger points (mTrPs). However, concepts remain controversial, and the identification of mTrPs is mostly restricted to manual palpation in clinical routine. This study investigates a more objective, quantitative assessment of mTrPs by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with
doi:10.1186/s10194-019-0960-9
pmid:30658563
pmcid:PMC6734472
fatcat:hm5sijex5vbdtpe743b3grim54
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... mapping. Ten subjects (nine females, 25.6 ± 5.2 years) with a diagnosis of migraine according to ICHD-3 underwent bilateral manual palpation of the upper trapezius muscles to localize mTrPs. Capsules were attached to the skin adjacent to the palpated mTrPs for marking. MRI of the neck and shoulder region was performed at 3 T, including a T2-prepared, three-dimensional (3D) turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence. The T2-prepared 3D TSE sequence was used to generate T2 maps, followed by manual placement of regions of interest (ROIs) covering the trapezius muscles of both sides and signal alterations attributable to mTrPs. The trapezius muscles showed an average T2 value of 27.7 ± 1.4 ms for the right and an average T2 value of 28.7 ± 1.0 ms for the left side (p = 0.1055). Concerning signal alterations in T2 maps attributed to mTrPs, nine values were obtained for the right (32.3 ± 2.5 ms) and left side (33.0 ± 1.5 ms), respectively (p = 0.0781). When comparing the T2 values of the trapezius muscles to the T2 values extracted from the signal alterations attributed to the mTrPs of the ipsilateral side, we observed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0039). T2 hyperintensities according to visual image inspection were only reported in four subjects for the right and in two subjects for the left side. Our approach enables the identification of mTrPs and their quantification in terms of T2 mapping even in the absence of qualitative signal alterations. Thus, it (1) might potentially challenge the current gold-standard method of physical examination of mTrPs, (2) could allow for more targeted and objectively verifiable interventions, and (3) could add valuable models to understand better central-peripheral mechanisms in migraine.
Procalcitonin to Guide Initiation and Duration of Antibiotic Treatment in Acute Respiratory Infections: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis
2012
Clinical Infectious Diseases
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Long (2011) [15]
No (odd and even patient ID numbers)
No
156/156 (100%)
Not reported
Nobre (2008) [18]
Yes (sequentially numbered, opaque,
sealed envelopes)
No
52/52 (100%)
81% adherence
Schroeder ...
Nobre (2008)
[18]
Switzerland
ICU, single center Suspected severe sepsis or
septic shock
Duration; R against AB: <0.5 (<0.25) or
>80% drop; R for AB: >0.5 (>1.0)
52 (79) f
AB use
1 mo
Schroeder ...
doi:10.1093/cid/cis464
pmid:22573847
pmcid:PMC3412690
fatcat:av4lhla74zfedaoxvokgxyewzy
Economic evaluation of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy in acute respiratory infections: a US health system perspective
2015
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
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AbstractWhether or not antibiotic stewardship protocols based on procalcitonin levels results in cost savings remains unclear. Herein, our objective was to assess the economic impact of adopting procalcitonin testing among patients with suspected acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) from the perspective of a typical US integrated delivery network (IDN) with a 1,000,000 member catchment area or enrollment.To conduct an economic evaluation of procalcitonin testing versus usual care we built a
doi:10.1515/cclm-2014-1015
pmid:25581762
fatcat:ivutlwbpbrez5eagk2rddeuwy4
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... ost-impact model based on patient-level meta-analysis data of randomized trials. The meta-analytic data was adapted to the US setting by applying the meta-analytic results to US lengths of stay, costs, and practice patterns. We estimated the annual ARI visit rate for the one million member cohort, by setting (inpatient, ICU, outpatient) and ARI diagnosis.In the inpatient setting, the costs of procalcitonin-guided compared to usual care for the one million member cohort was $2,083,545, compared to $2,780,322, resulting in net savings of nearly $700,000 to the IDN for 2014. In the ICU and outpatient settings, savings were $73,326 and $5,329,824, respectively, summing up to overall net savings of $6,099,927 for the cohort. Results were robust for all ARI diagnoses. For the whole US insured population, procalcitonin-guided care would result in $1.6 billion in savings annually.Our results show substantial savings associated with procalcitonin protocols of ARI across common US treatment settings mainly by direct reduction in unnecessary antibiotic utilization. These results are robust to changes in key parameters, and the savings can be achieved without any negative impact on treatment outcomes.
Frequency of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Factor 4/Heparin Antibodies in Patients With Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Prior to the COVID-19 Pandemic
2021
Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)
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Cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in combination with thrombocytopenia have recently been reported within 4 to 28 days of vaccination with the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (AstraZeneca/Oxford) and Ad.26.COV2.S (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) COVID-19 vaccines. An immune-mediated response associated with platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies has been proposed as the underlying pathomechanism.
doi:10.1001/jama.2021.9889
pmid:34213527
pmcid:PMC8317004
fatcat:4nzed57hrjh3fl2o6m63dy45w4
Duration of antibiotic treatment using procalcitonin-guided treatment algorithms in older patients: a patient-level meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials
2021
Age and Ageing
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Background Older patients have a less pronounced immune response to infection, which may also influence infection biomarkers. There is currently insufficient data regarding clinical effects of procalcitonin (PCT) to guide antibiotic treatment in older patients. Objective and design We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the association of age on effects of PCT-guided antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic use and outcome. Subjects and methods We had access to
doi:10.1093/ageing/afab078
pmid:33993243
pmcid:PMC8437072
fatcat:rcojjmdu2rbbzasmjuhlxuqvoa
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... ,421 individual infection patients from 28 randomized controlled trials comparing PCT-guided antibiotic therapy (intervention group) or standard care. We stratified patients according to age in four groups (<75 years [n = 7,079], 75–80 years [n = 1,034], 81–85 years [n = 803] and >85 years [n = 505]). The primary endpoint was the duration of antibiotic treatment and the secondary endpoints were 30-day mortality and length of stay. Results Compared to control patients, mean duration of antibiotic therapy in PCT-guided patients was significantly reduced by 24, 22, 26 and 24% in the four age groups corresponding to adjusted differences in antibiotic days of −1.99 (95% confidence interval [CI] −2.36 to −1.62), −1.98 (95% CI −2.94 to −1.02), −2.20 (95% CI −3.15 to −1.25) and − 2.10 (95% CI −3.29 to −0.91) with no differences among age groups. There was no increase in the risk for mortality in any of the age groups. Effects were similar in subgroups by infection type, blood culture result and clinical setting (P interaction >0.05). Conclusions This large individual patient data meta-analysis confirms that, similar to younger patients, PCT-guided antibiotic treatment in older patients is associated with significantly reduced antibiotic exposures and no increase in mortality.
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
[chapter]
2016
Aktuelle Rechtsfragen im Profifußball
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TrunzDer Spielertransfer in der EU -20 Jahre nach dem Bosman-UrteilWerner SchroederDiskussionsbericht zum Vortrag von Werner Schroeder "Ablösesummen und Spielertransfer nach Bosman"Gabriella PirasDer ...
von Christoph Schulte-Kaubrügger, "Insolvenz in der laufenden Saison und ihre Auswirkungen auf den Spielbetrieb" Das Erstellen und Weitergeben von Kopien dieses PDFs ist nicht zulässig.Ulrich Haas / Mirjam ...
doi:10.5771/9783845264257-1
fatcat:g75ktydvybgl3iuvkgzyhvf7ie
Page 5496 of Psychological Abstracts Vol. 79, Issue 12
[page]
1992
Psychological Abstracts
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, Karen A., 2857 Schroeder, Marsha L., “an * ames Schruijer, Sandra G. ...
., Schmader, Kenneth, 43687 Schmaltz, Stephen, 41511 Schmid, Hillel, 45068 Schmida, Mirjam, 44874 Schmidt, —* 43661 Schmidt, Frank L., 44586 Schmidt, John J., 44754 Schmidt, Kirsten W., 42873 Schmidt, ...
Page 517 of Psychological Abstracts Vol. 59, Issue 2
[page]
1978
Psychological Abstracts
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., 2829 Schroeder, James E., 2585, 2666 Schroeder, Mirjam, 3796 Schubert, Daniel S., 3460, 3461 Schubring, G., 3035 Schucman, Helen, 3714 Schufer de Paikin, Marta L., 2424 Schuld, Donald, 3712 Schulman ...
., 3139 Schroeder, D. ...
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