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Methylphenidate enhances brain activation and deactivation responses to visual attention and working memory tasks in healthy controls
2011
NeuroImage
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Here, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used together with working memory (WM) and visual attention (VA) tasks to test the hypothesis that 20 mg oral MPH would increase activation in the ...
Methylphenidate (MPH) is a stimulant drug that amplifies dopamineric and noradrenergic signaling in the brain, which is believed to underlie its cognition enhancing effects. ...
Acknowledgments The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2RO1AA09481) and the National Center for Research Resources (GCRC 5-MO1-RR-10710) supported this work. ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.060
pmid:21029780
pmcid:PMC3020254
fatcat:xwsczu4mefc7jph455ltfudkka
Pharmaco fMRI: Determining the functional anatomy of the effects of medication
2016
NeuroImage: Clinical
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in affective disorders and emotional processing circuits; antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy and cognitive networks; and stimulants in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and networks of attention control ...
and can help to determine early treatment response, mechanisms of drug efficacy and side effects, and potentially advance CNS drug development. ...
deficits in task inhibition, attention, working memory and timing. ...
doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.002
pmid:27766202
pmcid:PMC5067101
fatcat:d3vn6chg4jeurhbvcaitjo3uu4
Drug-specific laterality effects on frontal lobe activation of atomoxetine and methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder boys during working memory
2013
Psychological Medicine
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Both drugs enhanced fronto-temporo-striatal activation in ADHD relative to control boys and deactivated the default-mode network, which were negatively associated with the reduced DLPFC activation and ...
Both drugs enhanced frontotemporo-striatal activation in ADHD relative to control boys and deactivated the default-mode network, which were negatively associated with the reduced DLPFC activation and performance ...
NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London and Lilly Pharmaceuticals. ...
doi:10.1017/s0033291713000676
pmid:23597077
fatcat:tvepa43jrre33ln245q4conqcu
A neurochemical yin and yang: does serotonin activate and norepinephrine deactivate the prefrontal cortex?
2010
Psychopharmacology
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To assess this hypothesis, three primary lines of evidence are examined comprising the effects of 5-HT and NE on impulsivity, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. ...
Results Here I examine the hypothesis that serotonin (5-HT) plays a general role in activating the PFC, whereas norepinephrine (NE) plays a general role in deactivating this brain region. ...
In the monkey, systemically administered clonidine (and clonidine iontophoretically applied to the PFC) enhanced spatial working memory-related neural activity in the PFC, and iontophoretically applied ...
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1856-1
pmid:20386882
fatcat:pgkuecpixfa2lks5yipyy4jgky
Methylphenidate modulates sustained attention and cortical activation in survivors of traumatic brain injury: a perfusion fMRI study
2011
Psychopharmacology
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Results-Behaviorally, MPH significantly improved both accuracy and reaction time (RT) in the sustained attention task, but only RT in the working memory task. ...
Perfusion fMRI scanning was carried out at rest and while participants performed cognitive tasks requiring sustained attention and working memory. ...
This study was supported by grant R24HD39621 (to J.W.), R24HD050836 (to J.W.; www.ncrrn.org), and P30NS045839 (to J.A.D.) from the NIH. Dr. ...
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2622-8
pmid:22203319
pmcid:PMC3369011
fatcat:qjvoru42nnhatpnb5bhitp5g6e
Pattern Classification of Working Memory Networks Reveals Differential Effects of Methylphenidate, Atomoxetine and Placebo in Healthy Volunteers
2011
Neuropsychopharmacology
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We combined event-related fMRI with multivariate pattern recognition to characterize the effects of MPH and ATX in healthy volunteers performing a rewarded working memory (WM) task. ...
During rewarded trials both drugs produced the opposite effect to reward, that is, attenuating WM networks and enhancing task-related deactivations (TRDs) in regions consistent with the default mode network ...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge the support of the King's College London Centre of Excellence in Medical Engineering, funded by the Wellcome Trust and EPSRC under grant no. ...
doi:10.1038/npp.2011.9
pmid:21346736
pmcid:PMC3079849
fatcat:afu7ip2vw5godabbgpyjabk3g4
Dopamine Transporters in Striatum Correlate with Deactivation in the Default Mode Network during Visuospatial Attention
2009
PLoS ONE
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and deactivation during a parametric visual attention task (measured with blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging) in healthy controls. ...
Thus, higher striatal DAT levels, which would result in an enhanced clearance of dopamine and hence weaker dopamine signals, would be associated to lower deactivation in the DMN during an attention task ...
To test this hypothesis we used PET and [ 11 C]cocaine to measure DAT, and BOLD-fMRI to measure brain activation during a parametric visual attention (VA) task [18] in healthy controls. ...
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006102
pmid:19564918
pmcid:PMC2699543
fatcat:m2cf2fz3k5bi7h66e6iggte7im
Methylphenidate Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Adults After Mild to Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: Rationale, Efficacy, and Neural Mechanisms
2019
Frontiers in Neurology
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Positive effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on attention and cognitive processing speed have been reported in studies of patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). ...
Studies which have acquired functional brain imaging before and while using MPH have also found alteration of brain activation while performing a cognitive task; in some studies, this alteration of activation ...
(34) found that 0.3 mg/kg of MPH taken over 7 weeks enhanced the effects of memory and attention training in a controlled study. ...
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00925
pmid:31572283
pmcid:PMC6751302
fatcat:zomzuy27mfehlhnjwhzemtfxt4
Use of Virtual Reality Working Memory Task and Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Assess Brain Hemodynamic Responses to Methylphenidate in ADHD Children
2021
Frontiers in Psychiatry
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The present study aimed to explore the acute effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on behavioral performance and brain activity during a VR-based working memory task simulating real-life classroom settings ...
Altogether, 12 healthy control (HC) subjects participated in the same task but did not receive MPH treatment. ...
JO and J-jK contributed to interpreting the results and worked on the manuscript. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript. EK supervised the project. ...
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.564618
pmid:33551860
pmcid:PMC7859615
fatcat:a4zcplsbz5dsxnbpozhu4h5bvu
Anything goes? Regulation of the neural processes underlying response inhibition in TBI patients
2017
European Neuropsychopharmacology
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Activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus (RIFG), an area associated with response inhibition, was significantly lower in patients compared to healthy controls. ...
Despite evidence for beneficial use of methylphenidate in response inhibition, no studies so far have investigated the effects of this drug in the neurobiology of inhibitory control in traumatic brain ...
Healthy controls (HC) underwent the same protocol without methylphenidate. ...
doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.12.002
pmid:28012706
fatcat:526ltbkgqff5tdwaqxbcysfs2i
Non-pharmacological cognitive enhancement
2013
Neuropharmacology
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While many ethical arguments of the cognitive enhancement debate apply to both pharmacological and non-pharmacological enhancers, some of them appear in new light when considered on the background of nonpharmacological ...
Here we summarize empirical data on approaches using nutrition, physical exercise, sleep, meditation, mnemonic strategies, computer training, and brain stimulation for enhancing cognitive capabilities. ...
of neural responses in widespread brain regions that are linked to conceptual processing, which suggests enhanced neural efficiency, probably via improved sustained attention and impulse control (Pagnoni ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.07.002
pmid:22828638
fatcat:hslrjrb4nndq7loihqlaymxzxy
Methylphenidate Has Differential Effects on Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent Signal Related to Cognitive Subprocesses of Reversal Learning
2008
Journal of Neuroscience
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In a whole-brain analysis, methylphenidate attenuated BOLD signal in the ventral striatum during response switching after negative feedback but modulated activity in the prefrontal cortex when subjects ...
level-dependent (BOLD) signal in a group of 20 healthy participants during probabilistic reversal learning, in a placebo-controlled design. ...
Methylphenidate has been shown to modulate neural activity in the striatum during response inhibition (Vaidya et al., 1998) and divided attention (Shafritz et al., 2004) but parietofrontal regions ...
doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1153-08.2008
pmid:18524902
pmcid:PMC6670335
fatcat:cq3l5epy7ree7faudrl2lbotru
Methylene blue modulates functional connectivity in the human brain
2016
Brain Imaging and Behavior
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Low dose MB also has memory enhancing effect in rodents and humans. However, the neural correlates of the effects of MB in the human brain are unknown. ...
Task-based and task-free fMRI were performed before and one hour after MB or placebo administration utilizing a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled design. ...
The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. ...
doi:10.1007/s11682-016-9541-6
pmid:26961091
pmcid:PMC5018244
fatcat:srxvv6f3dnb5xid6n6vbrdgyfq
Applications of pharmacogenetics in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
2014
Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine
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This review examines molecular genetic studies shown to be of importance in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and contrasts prefrontal versus sub-cortical mechanisms. ...
Further understandings of molecular mechanisms involved in etiology versus treatment and adverse effects should help personalize the treatment of ADHD. ...
The investigators hypothesized that higher DAT levels would result in a lower concentration of extracellular dopamine, reducing the availability to deactivate the DMN during the visual attention task. ...
doi:10.2147/pgpm.s52844
pmid:25404861
pmcid:PMC4230702
fatcat:dqvwiu5ojzbapaooti3zo4dnom
Psychostimulants and Cognition: A Continuum of Behavioral and Cognitive Activation
2013
Pharmacological Reviews
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Authorship Contributions Wrote or contributed to the writing of the transcript: Wood, Sage, Shuman, Anagnostaras. ...
A lower dose of oral methylphenidate (20 mg) in a group of healthy males showed a distinct pattern of activation and deactivation in different brain regions during a working memory task and a visual attention ...
In all, these studies indicate that methylphenidate may exert its cognitive-enhancing effects by a complicated interplay of activation and deactivation in different regions throughout the brain. D. ...
doi:10.1124/pr.112.007054
pmid:24344115
pmcid:PMC3880463
fatcat:npdhidfcyfahpirl3g7yqcy7qa
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