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Low doses of alcohol substantially decrease glucose metabolism in the human brain
2006
NeuroImage
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Moderate doses of alcohol decrease glucose metabolism in the human brain, which has been interpreted to reflect alcohol-induced decreases in brain activity. ...
Here, we measure the effects of two relatively low doses of alcohol (0.25 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg, or 5 to 10 mM in total body H 2 O) on glucose metabolism in the human brain. ...
This research was also supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.07.004
pmid:16085426
fatcat:uay35gncvnfdpgiqlq6fxcxtgq
Ethanol impairs glucose uptake by human astrocytes and neurons: protective effects of acetyl-L-carnitine
2011
International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology
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Our results indicate that ethanol exposure decreases the uptake of D-(2-(3)H)-glucose by human astrocytes and neurons. ...
These findings suggest that deprivation of glucose in brain cells contributes to neurotoxicity in alcohol abusers, and highlights ALC as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent the deleterious health ...
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by NIH/NIAAA grant AA016403-01A2 (to JH) and by UNMC Faculty Retention Fund. ...
pmid:21258656
pmcid:PMC3023411
fatcat:w6zqpirqzrepjdohxmsljor6re
Positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography in substance abuse research
2003
Seminars in nuclear medicine
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Many advances in the conceptualization of addiction as a disease of the brain have come from the application of imaging technologies directly in the human drug abuser. ...
This article highlights recent advances in the use of PET and SPECT imaging to measure the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of drugs of abuse on the human brain. ...
Similar to the effects of an acute dose of cocaine on brain metabolism in the cocaine abuser, 88 an acute dose of morphine in the opiate user results in an overall decrease in brain glucose metabolism. ...
doi:10.1053/snuc.2003.127300
pmid:12756644
fatcat:zmmfvghehvfidgsihdplag7tri
Nutritional Ketosis as a Potential Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder
2021
Frontiers in Psychiatry
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Several findings suggest that during alcohol intoxication there is a shift from glucose to acetate metabolism that is enhanced in individuals with AUD. ...
Here, we review evidence for nutritional ketosis as a potential means to reduce withdrawal and alcohol craving. We also review the underlying mechanisms of action of ketosis. ...
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank the late Dr. Richard Veech for his lasting contributions to the field of nutritional ketosis. ...
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.781668
pmid:34916977
pmcid:PMC8670944
fatcat:4abl26f64zavljycsgun2ay6aa
Uncoventional Views on Certain Aspects of Toxin-Induced Metabolic Acidosis
2010
Electrolytes & Blood Pressure
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In the presence of a modest increase in serum osmolal gap (<30 mOsm/L), the starting dose of ethanol should be far less than the usual recommended dose. ...
Impaired production of ammonia by the proximal tubule of the kidney plays a major role in the development of metabolic acidosis in pyroglutamic acidosis. ...
Hypoglycemia is common in salicylate poisoning 33) , and sometimes brain glucose is low while plasma glucose is normal because of increased utilization of glucose due to uncoupling that is most pronounced ...
doi:10.5049/ebp.2010.8.1.32
pmid:21468195
pmcid:PMC3041497
fatcat:7vihxue5mjevbduyptbp2c5bay
Influence of Alcohol on Mortality in Traumatic Brain Injury
2010
Journal of the American College of Surgeons
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Low dose alcohol was associated with marked attenuation of immediate post-injury hyperglycolysis in rats, with more normal glucose metabolism and less reduction of the cerebral blood flow in the injury ...
Plurad et al. found decreased mortality in victims of motor vehicle crashes with high dose compared to low dose alcohol 89. ...
Table 1 Experimental Studies of the Impact of Alcohol Intoxication (Low to Moderate Doses) on Outcomes of Subsequent Traumatic Brain Injury
First author Year Animal model Main findings Dash 28 2004 ...
doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.01.036
pmid:20510810
pmcid:PMC3837571
fatcat:psh3n3z4ovd5tgof35itckwxrq
The effects of acute alcohol administration on the human brain: Insights from neuroimaging
2014
Neuropharmacology
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Over the last quarter century, researchers have peered into the living human brain to develop and refine mechanistic accounts of alcohol-induced behavior, as well as neurobiological mechanisms for development ...
In this review, we will summarize recent findings about acute human brain responses to alcohol using neuroimaging techniques, and how they might explain behavioral effects of alcohol intoxication. ...
Cited original research performed by the authors was funded by intramural funding of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.07.039
pmid:23978384
pmcid:PMC3971012
fatcat:ibcxzzx6ijgzfbs4dmgoflpmeq
Antidiabetic claims of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers: critical appraisal and role in therapy
2015
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine
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The formulation induces a dose related decrease in hyperglycemia and augments islet SOD activity [53] . ...
Root extract is reported to normalize the antioxidant status of heart, brain, liver and kidney at a dose of in alloxan-rats and the effect is more prominent than glibenclamide and insulin. ...
doi:10.1016/s2221-1691(15)30173-8
fatcat:c722etgl4rd4vartrohumjrwgm
Precision Nutrition for Alzheimer's Prevention in ApoE4 Carriers
2021
Nutrients
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resistance and glucose metabolism. ...
However, no long-term human studies have been conducted to determine effective nutritional protocols for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease in ApoE4 carriers. ...
Acknowledgments: The authors would like to recognize patients and their care partners. It is you Acknowledgments: The authors would like to recognize patients and their care partners. It is you ...
doi:10.3390/nu13041362
pmid:33921683
fatcat:emrnw6d335a67ftl2ltilqxzuu
Thirst sensation and oral dryness following alcohol intake
2017
Japanese Dental Science Review
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The sensation of thirst experienced after heavy-alcohol drinking is widely regarded as a consequence of EtOH-induced diuresis; however, EtOH in high doses induces anti-diuresis. ...
, and by a decrease in salivary secretion, respectively. ...
Acknowledgment This research was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (JSPS KAKENHI 26462819 (K.I.)). ...
doi:10.1016/j.jdsr.2016.12.001
pmid:28725298
pmcid:PMC5501731
fatcat:iyb7nwyqrfh53c2sloaxcbxp3i
Suitability of Sugar Alcohols as Antidiabetic Supplements: A Review
2021
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
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Secondly, in ex vivo condition, xylitol dose-dependently decreased intestinal glucose absorption and increased muscle glucose uptake. ...
In a previous study, the supplementation of erythritol in doses of 100, 200, or 400 mg (kg body weight) À1 day À1 for ten days in diabetic rats induced with streptozotocin, decreased serum glucose levels ...
Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interests. ...
doi:10.38212/2224-6614.3107
fatcat:ucbqifoig5gd3k6iix24mrin44
Sugar addiction: is it real? A narrative review
2017
British Journal of Sports Medicine
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Contributors JJD performed the literature search and wrote the initial manuscript. JHO'K and WLW reviewed, edited and wrote sections of the final manuscript. ...
Competing interests JJD is the author of The Salt Fix and operates the website thesaltfix. com WLW sells a supplement that contains both L-glutamine and chromium picolinate. ...
In both animals and humans, the evidence in the literature shows substantial parallels and overlap between drugs of abuse and sugar, from the standpoint of brain neurochemistry as well as behaviour. ...
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097971
pmid:28835408
fatcat:7pvrueo46jc5lntbdpzov6vo3m
Contribution of Red Wine Consumption to Human Health Protection
2018
Molecules
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Its cardioprotective effects include improving endothelial function and glucose metabolism, reducing inflammation, and regulating blood lipids. ...
Resveratrol is active in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases by neutralizing free oxygen radicals and reactive nitrogenous radicals; it penetrates the blood-brain barrier and, thus, protects the ...
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. ...
doi:10.3390/molecules23071684
pmid:29997312
fatcat:jj2x3mds5vdnxihrt7z76xcb4y
Causes and consequences of low grade endotoxemia and inflammatory diseases
2013
Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)
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CAUSES OF LOW DOSE ENDOTOXEMIA
Chronic consumption of alcohol The consumption of alcohol in humans is associated with the onset of many human diseases including alcoholic liver disease, cardiomyopathy ...
Despite these advances, future studies are warranted to further examine the scopes, consequences, and mechanisms of low dose endotoxemia in humans. ...
doi:10.2741/s405
pmid:23277084
fatcat:cgy363jb7fbdbepbtamygiyqvq
Dexfenfluramine lacks amphetamine-like abuse potential
1996
Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
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Absorption and Metabolism The absorption half-life of fenfluramine after oral administration to humans is about 1 h, much less than its plasma half-life of 24 h. ...
of this compound from the U.S. market in 1997. ...
The half-life of fenfluramine in rat brain is about 4 h after high doses, but may be shorter after low doses. The half-life of norfenfluramine in brain is at least 24 h. ...
doi:10.1016/0278-5846(96)00081-4
pmid:8888108
fatcat:73bqhqzswfgafdkxgwzfatpte4
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