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Document Image Analysis Using a New Compression Algorithm
[chapter]
1999
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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By proper exploitation of the structural characteristics existing in a compressed document, it is possible to speed up certain image processing operations. Alternatively, one can derive a compression scheme which would lend itself to an efficient manipulation of documents without compromising the compression factor. Here, a run-based compression technique is discussed for binary documents. The technique, in addition to achieving bit rates comparable to other compression schemes, preserves
doi:10.1007/3-540-48172-9_4
fatcat:t6u4qjkcxnes5fgmphzwigbzzi
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... nt features which are useful for analysis and manipulation of data. Algorithms are proposed to perform vertical run extraction, and similar operations in the compressed domain. These algorithms are implemented in software. Experimental results indicate that fast analysis of electronic data is possible if data is coded according to the proposed scheme. S . -W. Le e an d Y . N akan o ( E d s. ): DA S ' 98, LNCS 1655, p p . 32-41, 1999. c S p r i n ge r-Ve rl ag Be rl i n He i d e l b e rg 1999
Evaluation of an ultra-high-precision x-ray optics
2004
UV and Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Systems
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We are developing an ultra high precision soft X-ray telescope. The design of the telescope is a normal incident one for 13.5nm band using Mo/Si multilayers. Two ideas are introduced. One is the optical measurement system in order to monitor the precision of the optics system. The other is the adaptive optics system with a deformable mirror. Using an X-ray-optical separation filter, we can always monitor the deformation of the optics by optical light. With this information, we can control the
doi:10.1117/12.550364
fatcat:efuxlhm3tnexvn2k5dq2nxkwmq
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... formable mirror to compensate the system distortion as a closed loop system. The telescope system is now integrating and checking by optical light. The shape of the primary mirror is an off-axis paraboloid with a focal length of 2m and an effective diameter of 80mm. This primary mirror was coated by Mo/Si multilayers. The reflectivity of the primary mirror at 13.5nm was ranging from 30 to 50 %. The secondary mirror is a basically flat mirror but actually an deformable mirror with 31 piezo-actuators. The detector is now a wave front sensor (shack-hartmann type). The closed loop control has been performed and factor of 2.4 improvement of the wave front shape has been performed comparing to the un-control case.
Microcomputer processing of stress relaxation measurements
応力緩和データのマイクロコンピュータ処理
1985
Kobunshi ronbunshu (Tokyo)
応力緩和データのマイクロコンピュータ処理
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[Notes]
Microcomputer Processing of Stress Relaxation Measurements
Yoshihiro OHMIYA,*1 Toshihiko KAWAHATA,*1 Nobuto KANAI,*1 Kiyohiro KURODA,*1 Junichi KOBAYASHI,*1
and Hirotaro KAMBE*1
*1Research ...
doi:10.1295/koron.42.905
fatcat:4mvggbgxvjenbe5w3xykytfnai
Nematode-specific tRNAs that decode an alternative genetic code for leucine
2011
Nucleic Acids Research
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Class II transfer RNAs (tRNAs), including tRNA Leu and tRNA Ser , have an additional stem and loop structure, the long variable arm (V-arm). Here, we describe Class II tRNAs with a unique anticodon corresponding to neither leucine nor serine. Because these tRNAs are specifically conserved among the nematodes, we have called them 'nematode-specific V-arm-containing tRNAs' (nev-tRNAs). The expression of nev-tRNA genes in Caenorhabditis elegans was confirmed experimentally. A comparative sequence
doi:10.1093/nar/gkr1226
pmid:22187151
pmcid:PMC3333845
fatcat:3ps5k7diyrb5vmap2b2wykynxu
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... nalysis suggested that the nev-tRNAs derived phylogenetically from tRNA Leu . In vitro aminoacylation assays showed that nev-tRNA Gly and nev-tRNA Ile are only charged with leucine, which is inconsistent with their anticodons. Furthermore, the deletion and mutation of crucial determinants for leucylation in nev-tRNA led to a marked loss of activity. An in vitro translation analysis showed that nev-tRNA Gly decodes GGG as leucine instead of the universal glycine code, indicating that nev-tRNAs can be incorporated into ribosomes and participate in protein biosynthesis. Our findings provide the first example of unexpected tRNAs that do not consistently obey the general translation rules for higher eukaryotes.
A CASE OF INFLAMMATORY ESOPHAGOGASTRIC POLYP
Inflammatory esophagogastric polypの1例
1996
Gastroenterological Endoscopy
Inflammatory esophagogastric polypの1例
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Two complementary techniques for digitized document analysis
1988
Proceedings of the ACM conference on Document processing systems - DOCPROCS '88
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Two complementary methods are proposed for characterizing the spatial structure of digitized technical documents and labelling various logical components without using optical character recognition. The top-down method segments and labels the page image simultaneously using publication-specific information in the form of a page-grammar. The bottom-up method naively segments the document into rectangles that contain individual connected components, combines blocks using knowledge about generic
doi:10.1145/62506.62539
fatcat:mj7vn652orezzczcuxacldd4zu
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... yout objects, and identifies logical objects using publication-specific knowledge. Both methods are based on the X-Y tree representation of a page image. The procedures are demonstrated on scanned and synthesized bit-maps of the title pages of technical articles.
Management of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma
2000
Annals of Surgery
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Objective To compare the experience and outcome in the management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma at one American and one Japanese medical center. Summary Background Data Controversies surround the issues of extent of resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma and whether the histopathology of such cancers are similar between patients treated in America and in Japan. Methods Records were reviewed of 100 patients treated between 1980 and 1995 at the Lahey Clinic in the United States, and of 155 patients
doi:10.1097/00000658-200008000-00003
pmid:10903592
pmcid:PMC1421125
fatcat:bzax6tjgnnhtnn3wmb4ccs3svu
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... treated between 1977 and 1995 at Nagoya University Hospital in Japan. Selected pathologic slides of resected cancers were exchanged between the two institutions and reviewed for diagnostic concordance. Results In the Lahey cohort, there were 25 resections, 53 cases of surgical exploration with biliary bypass or intubation, and 22 cases of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage or endo-scopic biliary drainage without surgery. In the Nagoya cohort, the respective figures were 122, 10, and 23. The overall 5-year survival rate of all patients treated (surgical and nonsurgical) during the study periods was 7% in the Lahey cohort and 16% in the Nagoya cohort. The overall 10-year survival rates were 0% and 12%, respectively. In patients who underwent resection with negative margins, the 5-and 10-year survival rates were 43% and 0% for the Lahey cohort and 25% and 18% for the Nagoya cohort. The surgical death rate for patients undergoing resection was 4% for Lahey patients and 8% for Nagoya patients. Of the patients who underwent resection, en bloc caudate lobectomy was performed in 8% of the Lahey patients and 89% of the Nagoya patients. Histopathologic examination of resected cancers showed that the Nagoya patients had a higher stage of disease than the Lahey patients.
Semiquantitative Evaluation of Muscle Repair by Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Mice
2018
JBMR Plus
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Muscle injury is one of the most common traumas in orthopedic and sports medicine. However, there are only a few treatment options with marginal clinical benefits for this condition. Muscle repair after injury involves multiple and complex processes, such as the inflammation phase, regeneration phase, and remodeling phase. To develop a treatment modality and to examine the efficacy of novel interventions and agents for patients with muscle injuries, it is essential to establish a reliable and
doi:10.1002/jbm4.10040
pmid:30283903
pmcid:PMC6124170
fatcat:xqbk2ntadbdr5httn7b5lsidwi
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... nsitive method to monitor the changes in muscle structure and status during muscle repair. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging has been widely used to assess the diffusivity of water molecules in tissue. When it is used in combination with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), the microstructure of muscle tissue can be indirectly depicted. In the present study, we evaluated the time-course changes in the diffusivity and anisotropy in muscles by DTI and histology after injury in mice. We found that the diffusivity and anisotropy exhibit distinct kinetics during muscle repair and that these kinetics were significantly altered in mutant mice with a defect in muscle regeneration. Our data show that muscle repair processes can be readily evaluated and monitored by DTI technique and suggest that DTI can be clinically applied for assessing muscle injury and repair in humans.
TWO CASES OF METASTATIC CARCINOMA OF THE DUODENUM
転移性十二指腸腫瘍の2例
1995
Gastroenterological Endoscopy
転移性十二指腸腫瘍の2例
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Hideyuki SEKI Two Cases of Metastatic Carcinoma of the Duodenum.
doi:10.11280/gee1973b.37.782
fatcat:szwlyvz6mndtbpldxe6neoqmke
Inter-assay variability of next-generation sequencing-based gene panels
2022
BMC Medical Genomics
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Background Tumor heterogeneity has been known to cause inter-assay discordance among next-generation sequencing (NGS) results. However, whether preclinical factors such as sample type, sample quality and analytical features of gene panel can affect the concordance between two different assays remains largely unexplored. Methods Replicate sets of DNA samples extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) (n = 20) and fresh frozen (FF) tissues (n = 10) were herein analyzed using a
doi:10.1186/s12920-022-01230-y
pmid:35428255
pmcid:PMC9013031
fatcat:zydkg7cxhrendmsdqgzetwnxje
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... tumor-only (TO) and paired tumor–normal (TN) gene panel in laboratories certified by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment. Reported variants from the TO and TN panels were then compared. Furthermore, additional FFPE samples were sequentially sliced from the same FFPE block and submitted to another TN panel assay. Results Substantial discordance (71.8%) was observed between the results of the two panels despite using identical DNA samples, with the discordance rate being significantly higher for FFPE samples (p < 0.05). Among the 99 variants reported only in the TO panel, 32.3% were consistent with germline variants, which were excluded in the TN panel, while 30.3% had an allele frequency of less than 5%, some of which were highly likely to be artificial calls. The comparison of two independent TN panel assay results from the same FFPE block also showed substantial discordance rate (55.3%). Conclusions In the context of clinical settings, our comparative analysis revealed that inter-NGS assay discordance commonly occurred due to sample types and the different analytical features of each panel.
Development of Open Service Collaborative Platform for Coming ECS by International Joint Efforts
[chapter]
2002
Electronic Business and Education
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EC will not stay at only e-commerce but be evolved into other ECs such as electronic services for communities, and further, into electronic services for cultures. Present providers deliver mutually independent services, but within very short time, these services will be combined and collaborated over the network into single services just like an idea of global computing. In future, the services will be self-organized for pursuing human needs in communities and cultures. According to this bold
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1497-8_14
fatcat:z7bv4ej2eneldgav5frm5o5mua
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... sion, Japanese and European leading industries have initiated technological development based on an idea of chaining non-deterministic provisioning of services and standardization efforts on this innovative open service platform.
Genomic Heterogeneity in a Natural Archaeal Population Suggests a Model of tRNA Gene Disruption
2012
PLoS ONE
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Understanding the mechanistic basis of the disruption of tRNA genes, as manifested in the intron-containing and split tRNAs found in Archaea, will provide considerable insight into the evolution of the tRNA molecule. However, the evolutionary processes underlying these disruptions have not yet been identified. Previously, a composite genome of the deep-branching archaeon Caldiarchaeum subterraneum was reconstructed from a community genomic library prepared from a C. subterraneum-dominated
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032504
pmid:22403667
pmcid:PMC3293823
fatcat:2uklx4xqxrf67eh7xdv6gqzam4
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... ial mat. Here, exploration of tRNA genes from the library reveals that there are at least three types of heterogeneity at the tRNA Thr (GGU) gene locus in the Caldiarchaeum population. All three involve intronic gain and splitting of the tRNA gene. Of two fosmid clones found that encode tRNA Thr (GGU), one (tRNA Thr-I ) contains a single intron, whereas another (tRNA Thr-II ) contains two introns. Notably, in the clone possessing tRNA Thr-II , a 59 fragment of the tRNA Thr-I (tRNA Thr-F ) gene was observed 1.8-kb upstream of tRNA Thr-II . The composite genome contains both tRNA Thr-II and tRNA Thr-F , although the loci are .500 kb apart. Given that the 1.8-kb sequence flanked by tRNA Thr-F and tRNA Thr-II is predicted to encode a DNA recombinase and occurs in six regions of the composite genome, it may be a transposable element. Furthermore, its dinucleotide composition is most similar to that of the pNOB8-type plasmid, which is known to integrate into archaeal tRNA genes. Based on these results, we propose that the gain of the tRNA intron and the scattering of the tRNA fragment occurred within a short time frame via the integration and recombination of a mobile genetic element.
Comprehensive Analysis of Archaeal tRNA Genes Reveals Rapid Increase of tRNA Introns in the Order Thermoproteales
2008
Molecular biology and evolution
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The analysis of archaeal tRNA genes is becoming more important to evaluate the origin and evolution of tRNA molecule. Even with the recent accumulation of complete genomes of numerous archaeal species, several tRNA genes are still required for a full complement of the codon table. We conducted comprehensive screening of tRNA genes from 47 archaeal genomes by using a combination of different types of tRNA prediction programs and extracted a total of 2,143 reliable tRNA gene candidates including
doi:10.1093/molbev/msn216
pmid:18832079
fatcat:ty2vgfp3b5gnhmjbhdnepxdjs4
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... 37 intron-containing tRNA genes, which covered more than 99.9% of the codon tables in Archaea. Previously, the content of intron-containing tRNA genes in Archaea was estimated to be approximately 15% of the whole tRNA genes, and most of the introns were known to be located at canonical positions (nucleotide position between 37 and 38) of precursor tRNA (pre-tRNA). Surprisingly, we observed marked enrichment of tRNA introns in five species of the archaeal order Thermoproteales; about 70% of tRNA gene candidates were found to be intron-containing tRNA genes, half of which contained multiple introns, and the introns were located at various noncanonical positions. Sequence similarity analysis revealed that approximately half of the tRNA introns found at Thermoproteales-specific intron locations were highly conserved among several tRNA genes. Intriguingly, identical tRNA intron sequences were found within different types of tRNA genes that completely lacked exon sequence similarity, suggesting that the tRNA introns in Thermoproteales could have been gained via intron insertion events at a later stage of tRNA evolution. Moreover, although the CCA sequence at the 3# terminal of pre-tRNA is added by a CCA-adding enzyme after gene transcription in Archaea, most of the tRNA genes containing highly conserved introns already encode the CCA sequence at their 3# terminal. Based on these results, we propose possible models explaining the rapid increase of tRNA introns as a result of intron insertion events via retrotransposition of pre-tRNAs. The sequences and secondary structures of the tRNA genes and their bulge-helix-bulge motifs were registered in SPLITSdb (http:// splits.iab.keio.ac.jp/splitsdb/), a novel and comprehensive database for archaeal tRNA genes.
Fetal Myocardial Thickening Measured by Ultrasonic-Based Technique Called 'Phased-Tracking Method'
2006
Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy
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Kanai et al. [8] reported a tracking method by which measurement points of refl ected ultrasonic pulsatile waves fi xed in myocardium were accurately examined. ...
doi:10.1159/000093889
pmid:16912496
fatcat:3onzsiypung55mjb6igq2cng3i
Invasion of the Amami Islands, Kagoshima, Japan by Quadrastichus erythrinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
奄美群島へのデイゴヒメコバチ(ハチ目:ヒメコバチ科)の侵入
2008
Nihon oyo dobutsu konchu gakkaishi
奄美群島へのデイゴヒメコバチ(ハチ目:ヒメコバチ科)の侵入
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Kenichi KANAI, 1, * Kunihiko
MATSUHIRA, 2 Nami UECHI 3 and Junichi YUKAWA 4 1 Oshima High
School; Amami, Kagoshima 894-8588, Japan. 2 Oshima Branch,
Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Agricultural ...
doi:10.1303/jjaez.2008.151
fatcat:fwmfhl4zxrezfc2dv7actvcdkq
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