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Exposure to cooking fuels and birth weight in Lanzhou, China: a birth cohort study
2015
BMC Public Health
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Early studies have suggested that biomass cooking fuels were associated with increased risk of low birth weight (LBW). However it is unclear if this reduced birth weight was due to prematurity or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Methods: In order to understand the relationship between various cooking fuels and risk of LBW and small for gestational age (SGA), we analyzed data from a birth cohort study conducted in Lanzhou, China which included 9,895 singleton live births. Results:
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2038-1
pmid:26215397
pmcid:PMC4517486
fatcat:wwh5wpkednbmbky2aozjuj4udy
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... to mothers using gas as cooking fuel, significant reductions in birth weight were observed for mothers using coal (weight difference = 73.31 g, 95 % CI: 26.86, 119.77) and biomass (weight difference = 87.84 g, 95 % CI: 10.76, 164.46). Using biomass as cooking fuel was associated with more than two-fold increased risk of LBW (OR = 2.51, 95 % CI: 1.26, 5.01), and the risk was mainly seen among preterm births (OR = 3.43, 95 % CI: 1. 21, 9.74). No significant associations with LBW were observed among mothers using coal or electromagnetic stoves for cooking. Conclusions: These findings suggest that exposure to biomass during pregnancy is associated with risk of LBW, and the effect of biomass on LBW may be primarily due to prematurity rather than IUGR.
Gastrostomy in the era of minimally invasive head and neck cancer surgery
2017
The Laryngoscope
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Objectives: Minimally invasive transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is less likely to necessitate gastrostomy tube (GT) following resection of head and neck lesions versus conventional open procedures. However, the incidence of and indications for GT after TORS has not been reported in detail. This study defines the incidence of intra-and postoperative gastrostomy following robotic resection of advanced head and neck disease. It seeks to clarify the relevance of GT after TORS. Design: Adult
doi:10.1002/lary.26829
pmid:28833221
fatcat:umaexoctkrenfo47alkybt6qei
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... undergoing TORS and neck dissection (ND) from 2008-2014 were identified in the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) allpayer administrative database. Methods: Demographic data and timing of GT in relation to surgery were recorded. Emergency Department (ED) visits and inpatient readmissions were compared with multivariable logistic analysis. Results: Of the 441 included patients, immediate, delayed and total GT incidence within the first postoperative year was 9.5%, 11.6% and 21.1%, respectively. GT complications resulted in 4.5% of 30-day ED visits, 3.3% of 30-day readmissions, and 3.5% of 90-day readmissions. Thirty-nine percent of 90-day readmissions were linked to poor postoperative oral intake. Delayed GT status was associated with an increase in 30-day ED visits, and 30 or 90-day readmissions attributable to poor oral intake (p=0.10, p<0.0001, 0.002, respectively). Conclusions: Even in the era of minimally invasive transoral robotic surgery, impaired oral intake is a significant postoperative burden to head and neck cancer patients with advanced disease. Attention to patient risk factors combined with a complicated hospital course may identify patients benefiting from early GT. Accepted Article and ultimately resulted in GT -is of clear value. The delayed GT patients in this study utilize significantly greater health care resources postoperatively. Paradoxically, however, they have a less complicated initial hospital course than immediate GT patients. It is unexpected for patients with a more benign hospital course to experience increased rates of fluid and electrolyte disruption, weight loss, failure to thrive, dysphagia and inability to tolerate oral feeding. Future studies that are prospective, randomized, and that utilize clinical nutritional and functional outcomes data may better elucidate the nuances of why this discrepancy is observed in our study. Given that delayed GT patients represent a minority (11.5%) of the patients in this study, a refined, rather than an overarching, riskscreening strategy should be used to identify patients benefiting from early GT in minimally invasive robotic resection of advanced head and neck cancers. Evidence-based guidelines to predict the need for gastrostomy exist, but high-quality evidence to support specific timing and screening criteria for tube feeds is lacking. 19 It is generally accepted that demographics, tumor site and staging, nutritional status, and the presence of dysphagia play a role in risk stratification. Brown et al. describes a validated high-risk stratification protocol for head and neck cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation in which patients meet gastrostomy criteria if they exhibit >10% unintentional weight loss or BMI <20 with 5-10% weight loss in past 6 months, or they meet other criteria for severe malnutrition as judged by a dietician. 3 The findings of this study suggest that perioperative fluid and electrolyte disorders, weight loss, liver disease, alcohol abuse, paralysis, hypertension and the presence of any perioperative complication contribute a high risk nutritional status following TORS, and these patient characteristics could be included in future rubrics. The benefit of early GT with respect to head and neck surgery is controversial. Specifically, for TORS, 26.7% of surveyed surgeons routinely do not place either nasogastric or gastrostomy feeding access, and only 2.2% of surgeons routinely place a PEG. 7 Chandler et al. outlines a preoperative scoring system to predict gastrostomy specific to head and neck reconstruction, with emphasis on low preoperative albumin as a major risk factor for postoperative complications. 20 Mays et al. found that perioperative GT with respect to head and neck tumor resection suggests a high risk patient with a complicated hospital stay, but also that preoperative GT can protect against poor postoperative outcomes, such as prolonged hospital length of stay, wound complications, and weight loss. 21 Our data also suggests that postoperative outcomes can be improved by aggressive nutritional screening and early GT in appropriate candidates undergoing robotic primary head and neck tumor resection. This study is subject to the inherent limitations of a retrospective observational study, particularly surgeon selection bias when deciding on GT timing. The data are dependent on an administrative database, and thus are not clinically rich with tumor staging, histology, intraoperative details or postoperative laboratory data. This data is specific to the SPARCS database, which only includes patients within New York State. Data may not be extrapolated for the remainder of the United States, where trends may be different. Conclusion More than one-third of 30 and 90-day readmissions in TORS and neck dissection for advanced head and neck cancer in NY are related to impaired PO intake. A disproportionate number of these readmissions occur in patients with delayed GT. Patient risk factors combined with a complicated hospital course can identify patients benefiting from early GT, enhancing The Laryngoscope This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Accepted Article postoperative resource utilization. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate the true benefit of early GT in appropriate head and neck cancer surgical candidates, and how improved risk-stratification for this intervention may effect postoperative outcomes. An improved understanding of the benefits of GT in this population can assist surgeons during informed consent, and help them to balancing quality of life decisions versus potentially avoidable hospital readmissions. Acknowledgement We acknowledge the biostastical consultation and support provided by the Biostatistical Consulting Core at The Laryngoscope This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. GT = Gastrostomy Tube. P<0.05 is highlighted. *Three patient records (five ED visits and two 90-day readmission) were excluded. Values <6 suppressed due to cell size restrictions.
Drug Combinations against Borrelia burgdorferi Persisters In Vitro: Eradication Achieved by Using Daptomycin, Cefoperazone and Doxycycline
2015
PLoS ONE
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Although most Lyme disease patients can be cured with antibiotics doxycycline or amoxicillin using 2-4 week treatment durations, some patients suffer from persistent arthritis or posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome. Why these phenomena occur is unclear, but possibilities include host responses, antigenic debris, or B. burgdorferi organisms remaining despite antibiotic therapy. In vitro, B. burgdorferi developed increasing antibiotic tolerance as morphology changed from typical spirochetal form
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117207
pmid:25806811
pmcid:PMC4373819
fatcat:zaukmj5t35dltpgihzjp6l6h4a
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... n log phase growth to variant round body and microcolony forms in stationary phase. B. burgdorferi appeared to have higher persister frequencies than E. coli as a control as measured by SYBR Green I/propidium iodide (PI) viability stain and microscope counting. To more effectively eradicate the different persister forms tolerant to doxycycline or amoxicillin, drug combinations were studied using previously identified drugs from an FDA-approved drug library with high activity against such persisters. Using a SYBR Green/PI viability assay, daptomycin-containing drug combinations were the most effective. Of studied drugs, daptomycin was the common element in the most active regimens when combined with doxycycline plus either beta-lactams (cefoperazone or carbenicillin) or an energy inhibitor (clofazimine). Daptomycin plus doxycycline and cefoperazone eradicated the most resistant microcolony form of B. burgdorferi persisters and did not yield viable spirochetes upon subculturing, suggesting durable killing that was not achieved by any other two or three drug combinations. These findings may have implications for improved treatment of Lyme disease, if persistent organisms or detritus are responsible for symptoms that do not resolve with conventional therapy. Further studies are needed to validate whether such combination antimicrobial approaches are useful in animal models and human infection.
Consumer uncertainty and price discrimination through online coupons: An empirical study of restaurants in Shanghai
2015
Information Economics and Policy
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Tau Zhang, the founder of Dianping, notes that fake reviews "can be a problem" and that as the Dianping.com website grows, more people try to spam and trick the website (Bye, 2009 ). ...
doi:10.1016/j.infoecopol.2015.10.002
fatcat:2caf3x32trb7jmoelg4zunq5xa
The Impact of Integrin β2 on Granulocyte/Macrophage Progenitor Proliferation
2019
Stem Cells
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by National Science funding in China (#81470566, #81670765, #81770890) to Ying-Mei Feng and the FWO G0E0117N and G0D1715N to Catherine Verfaillie. ...
STEM CELLS published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press 2018 Zhang, Yan, Schouteden et al.
Figure 3 . 3 Microarray analysis. ...
doi:10.1002/stem.2961
pmid:30537419
pmcid:PMC6849781
fatcat:f63day6conchbkuxonxr5sc5ni
Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Accelerated DNA Methylation Aging
2018
Environmental Health Perspectives
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Interestingly, PAH exposure has been related to lipid oxidation damages and disturbed lipid homeostasis (Kuang et al. 2013) , and lipid oxidation is a culprit of aging (Kregel and Zhang 2007) . ...
doi:10.1289/ehp2773
pmid:29906262
pmcid:PMC6108582
fatcat:qhlzwopys5bqbi4zp74wrzs53i
Fhit Deficiency-Induced Global Genome Instability Promotes Mutation and Clonal Expansion
2013
PLoS ONE
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Loss of Fhit expression, encoded at chromosome fragile site FRA3B, leads to increased replication stress, genome instability and accumulation of genetic alterations. We have proposed that Fhit is a genome 'caretaker' whose loss initiates genome instability in preneoplastic lesions. We have characterized allele copy number alterations and expression changes observed in Fhit-deficient cells in conjunction with alterations in cellular proliferation and exome mutations, using cells from mouse
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080730
pmid:24244712
pmcid:PMC3828255
fatcat:epj7tzs2efg5jfis6gkmqwv7lm
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... fibroblasts (MEFs), mouse kidney, early and late after establishment in culture, and in response to carcinogen treatment. Fhit -/-MEFs escape senescence to become immortal more rapidly than Fhit +/+ MEFs; -/-MEFs and kidney cultures show allele losses and gains, while +/+ derived cells show few genomic alterations. Striking alterations in expression of p53, p21, Mcl1 and active caspase 3 occurred in mouse kidney -/-cells during progressive tissue culture passage. To define genomic changes associated with preneoplastic changes in vivo, exome DNAs were sequenced for +/+ and -/-liver tissue after treatment of mice with the carcinogen, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, and for +/+ and -/-kidney cells treated in vitro with this carcinogen. The -/-exome DNAs, in comparison with +/+ DNA, showed small insertions, deletions and point mutations in more genes, some likely related to preneoplastic changes. Thus, Fhit loss provides a 'mutator' phenotype, a cellular environment in which mild genome instability permits clonal expansion, through proliferative advantage and escape from apoptosis, in response to pressures to survive.
Comparative Genomics of Pediococcus pentosaceus Isolated From Different Niches Reveals Genetic Diversity in Carbohydrate Metabolism and Immune System
2020
Frontiers in Microbiology
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Orthologous genes were used to construct phylogenetic trees using the python script 3 and the tree was modified using Evolgenius 4 (Zhang et al., 2012) . ...
Copyright © 2020 Jiang, Yang, Ross, Stanton, Zhao, Zhang and Chen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). ...
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00253
pmid:32174896
pmcid:PMC7055311
fatcat:23xh5kjrh5esxlwypwy3572ag4
High-Dimensional Structured Feature Screening Using Binary Markov Random Fields
2012
Journal of machine learning research workshop and conference proceedings
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., 2002; Zhang et al., 2006; Ye et al., 2011) . ...
restricted to LASSO (Tibshirani, 1996) , SCAD (Fan & Li, 2001) , Lars (Efron et al., 2004) , Dantzig selector (Candés & Tao, 2007) , elastic net (Zou & Hastie, 2005) , adaptive elastic net (Zou & Zhang ...
pmid:23606924
pmcid:PMC3630518
fatcat:j2houlva65cutcfjum7qkyu5uy
Expression and genomic status of EGFR and ErbB-2 in alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
2006
Modern Pathology
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Both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ErbB-2 play an important role in cancer biology and constitute promising molecular targets of therapy. EGFR and ErbB-2 expression has been observed in rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines but not analyzed systematically in rhabdomyosarcoma tumors. Tissue microarray sections representing 66 rhabdomyosarcoma tumors (34 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, 32 alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma) were surveyed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies specific for EGFR and
doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800636
pmid:16729016
fatcat:55oeam3tevcqbbva7voxoifpky
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... . Immunostains were assessed for intensity (0: no immunostaining; 1: weak; 2: moderate; 3: strong) and percentage of at least 500 neoplastic cells exhibiting membranous or membranous and cytoplasmic immunostaining. EGFR and ErbB-2 expression was considered positive if the product of intensity and percentage was greater than 10. Patients had a median age of 5.7 years (range 8 months-19.1 years), and of 65/ 66 patients, 38 were males and 27 were females. Expression of ErbB-2 was identified in 22/66 (33%) cases and tended to be more frequent in the alveolar subtype (13/32, 41%, vs 9/34, 26%, P ¼ 0.30). Expression of EGFR was identified in 31/66 (47%) cases and correlated with the embryonal subtype (26/34, 76%, vs 5/32, 16%, Po0.0001) independent of stage, age, and gender. Coexpression of EGFR and ErbB-2 was identified in eight tumors, of which six were embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. None of the cases exhibited EGFR or ErbB-2 gene amplification, as assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Furthermore, analysis of 11 additional rhabdomyosarcoma tumors (six alveolar; five embryonal) revealed no evidence of mutations in EGFR exons 18, 19, 20, and 21. In summary, expression of EGFR and/or ErbB-2 is detected in a sizeable subset of rhabdomyosarcoma tumors without evidence of EGFR or ErbB-2 amplification or mutations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain. Notably, expression of EGFR correlates with the embryonal subtype, which is also more likely to coexpress EGFR and ErbB-2.
OR07-04 A Novel Ex Vivo Live-Cell Interrogative Assay of Human Parathyroid Tissue Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Calcium Sensing Failure in Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
2020
Journal of the Endocrine Society
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Disruption of calcium homeostasis is common to all forms of hyperparathyroidism (HPT), but the underlying biochemical mechanisms that distinguish the various forms of HPT pathology remain poorly characterized. We previously have observed that the kinetics and amplitude of CASR-mediated signaling vary significantly among parathyroid (PT) adenomas and found specific functional and gene expression profiles preferentially associated with increased risk of bone density loss. While these data
doi:10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.526
fatcat:mbhbakk7ebbwvchtb2atk3ncse
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... hed a clear connection between CASR activity and clinical phenotype, a direct comparison of the kinetics of PTH secretory behavior between normal and neoplastic intact human PT tissue has yet to be performed. Utilizing eucalcemic normal human organ donor tissues (n=3) as a reference standard, we examined a series of cryopreserved live PT tissue specimens obtained from patients with primary (n=9), secondary (n=12) and tertiary (n=5) HPT. PT tissue fragments matched for viability, mass, and cellular content were placed on permeable membranes and exposed to a series of extracellular calcium concentrations over equivalent time intervals of challenge and normocalcemic recovery to interrogate dynamic PTH secretory induction or suppression. As expected, normal tissue exhibited a sigmoid response curve indicative of allosteric calcium-mediated inhibition, with a mean EC50 of 0.95 mM (95% CI: 0.859–1.254). In contrast, the majority of primary HPT adenomas (n=6) displayed a concave response curve indicative of non-competitive inhibition, consistent with a primary sensing deficit, such as loss of CASR expression. Two distinct PTH secretory behaviors were observed in secondary HPT specimens. One subset (secondary type 1, n=4) retained a sigmoid response curve but with a modest EC50 increase (mean EC50=1.50 mM, 95% CI: 1.41–1.61) and maximal suppression similar to normal tissue, features reflective of competitive inhibition in response to elevated calcium. This pattern could indicate enhanced CASR antagonist activity relative to normal tissue. A second subset, (secondary type 2, n=8) demonstrated a large EC50 shift (mean EC50=2.46 mM; 95% CI: 1.844–2.621), a sigmoid response curve, and an elevated threshold of persistent PTH secretion at high calcium conditions. These parameters are suggestive of non-competitive inhibitory behavior, consistent with loss of a CASR-dependent downstream effector. Three of the primary HPT adenomas shared this response phenotype. Of the tertiary specimens, four matched the primary HPT adenoma pattern, while one exhibited secondary type 2 behavior. These results reveal a series of progressively attenuated dynamic response patterns, where PTH secretion becomes increasingly uncoupled from extracellular calcium sensing. These findings suggest that primary, secondary, and tertiary HPT arise through distinct mechanisms of calcium sensing failure.
Dota 2 with Large Scale Deep Reinforcement Learning
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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You, Y., Zhang, Z., Hsieh, C.-J., Demmel, J. & Keutzer, K. ...
benchmarks against humans including the OG match and OpenAI Arena. • Christopher Berner, Greg Brockman, Vicki Cheung, Przemysław "Psyho" Dębiak, Quirin Fischer, Shariq Hashme, Chris Hesse, Rafal Józefowicz, Catherine ...
arXiv:1912.06680v1
fatcat:cu237lzmbjff5ecpjd26berpbu
Maternal tea consumption and the risk of preterm delivery in urban China: a birth cohort study
2016
BMC Public Health
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Studies investigating the relationship between maternal tea drinking and risk of preterm birth have reached inconsistent results. Methods: The present study analyzed data from a birth cohort study including 10,179 women who delivered a singleton live birth were conducted in Lanzhou, China between 2010 and 2012. Results: Drinking tea (OR = 1.36, 95 % CI: 1.09-1.69), and specifically green (OR = 1.42, 95 % CI: 1.08-1.85) or scented tea (OR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.04-2.50), was associated with an
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3100-3
pmid:27246202
pmcid:PMC4886392
fatcat:nr5zjq335betppdxcj76jdgffy
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... sed risk of preterm birth. Drinking tea was associated with both moderate preterm (OR = 1.41, 95 % CI: 1.12-1.79) and spontaneous preterm birth (OR = 1.41, 95 % CI: 1.09-1. 83). Risk of preterm birth increased with decreasing age of starting tea drinking (<20 years, OR = 1.60, 95 % CI: 1.17-2. 20) and increasing duration (p for trend < 0.01). The relationship between tea drinking and preterm birth is modified by both maternal age (p < 0.05) and gestational weight gain (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite conflicting findings in the previous literature, we saw a significant association with maternal tea drinking and risk of preterm birth in our cohort. More studies are needed both to confirm this finding and to elucidate the mechanism behind this association.
Exome-wide single-base substitutions in tissues and derived cell lines of the constitutive Fhit knockout mouse
2016
Cancer Science
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., 18 (adapted with permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Nature 2013) and Signature C (d) from Zhang et al., (30) (adapted with permission under the CC BY-NC-ND license, http://creativecommons.org ...
doi:10.1111/cas.12887
pmid:26782170
pmcid:PMC4832848
fatcat:5tejrmrhsbgsdbmwg7souvmhpm
Research Commentary on Recommendations with Side Information: A Survey and Research Directions
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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Jie Zhang by the BMW Tech Office Singapore. ...
CKE KDD 2016 ---✓ ✓ ✓ -Zhang et al. TransNets RecSys 2017 ---✓ ---Catherine and Cohen PACE KDD 2017 ---✓ ✓ --Yang et al. RKGE RecSys 2018 ---✓ ---Sun et al. KPRN AAAI 2018 ---✓ ---Wang et al. ...
. 2017b)* (3) JRL (Zhang et al. 2017a) CNN (1) 3D-CNN (Tuan and Phuong 2017)* (2) DeepCoNN (Zheng et al. 2017b)* (3) TransNets (Catherine and Cohen 2017)* (4) D-Attn (Seo et al. 2017)* RNN (1) SERM (Yao ...
arXiv:1909.12807v2
fatcat:2nj4crzcd5attidhd3kneszmki
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