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Effect of spatial variability of wet snow on modeled and observed microwave emissions
2017
Remote Sensing of Environment
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This signal response was evaluated over an area approximately the size of a microwave pixel to assess whether a relationship exists between the aerial extent of wet snow and the magnitude of the T B response ...
A near-linear relationship was found between the T B signal response over a spatially heterogeneous snowpack and the percent area with liquid water content (LWC) present. ...
In this study, we investigate the sensitivity of T B to spatially distributed wet snow using loosely coupled, physically-based snow and emission models. ...
doi:10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.016
fatcat:y3vigi3b6nfhvf4sbz35ylh77m
Modeling synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scattering from a seasonally varying snow-covered sea ice volume at 5.3 and 9.25 GHz
1994
Polar Research
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The objective of thc research is to investigate the role of various geophysical and clcctrical properties in spccifying the total relative scattering cross section (u") of snow covered first-year sea ice ...
Thc effcct of the thermal insulation of a snow coveron sea ice was shown to be significant for both E' and E". ...
The SIMMS program is undertaken with support from a variety of agencies including a Centre of Excellence grant from the Province of Ontario and an NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council ...
doi:10.3402/polar.v13i1.6679
fatcat:m7hpi6vdc5ddxjnq3lgc3k4qay
Estimates of Threshold Wind Speeds for Snow Transport Using Meteorological Data
1997
Journal of applied meteorology (1988)
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The observations display a nonlinear but generally positive correlation between threshold wind speed and air temperature. ...
The threshold wind speed for snow transport is related to properties of the surface snowpack: snow particle bonding, cohesion, and kinetic friction. ...
Gray, Chairman of the Division of Hydrology, for his encouragement and support of this work. Mr. ...
doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1997)036<0205:eotwsf>2.0.co;2
fatcat:km2lv25anfe5lf2eofx2stgxpm
Estimation of Liquid Fraction of Wet Snow by Using 2-D Video Disdrometer and S-Band Weather Radar
2021
Remote Sensing
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Wet snow may cause significant damage to humans and property, and thus, it is necessary to estimate the corresponding liquid fraction (FL). ...
It was clarified that the volume-equivalent particle diameter (D)–FL and D–Ir relationships depended on T, and a relationship existed between Ir and FL. ...
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. ...
doi:10.3390/rs13101901
fatcat:vmhj6lhjhjhyvccgbxmvgslx6a
Proof of Concept: Development of Snow Liquid Water Content Profiler Using CS650 Reflectometers at Caribou, ME, USA
2017
Sensors
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For this reason, we present two (for dry and wet snow) statistical relationships between snow LWC and dielectric permittivity similar to Topp's equation for the LWC of mineral soils. ...
The temporal evolution of snow wetness's plays a significant role in wet-snow avalanche prediction, meltwater release, and water availability estimations and assessments within a river basin. ...
supervising the analysis and structure of the manuscript. ...
doi:10.3390/s17030647
pmid:28335574
pmcid:PMC5375933
fatcat:kg3fz2zh4rel3mj7gkihlesf2a
Potential and limitations of RADARSAT SAR data for wet snow monitoring
2000
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Index Terms-RADARSAT, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), wet snow. ...
Based on Canadian Satellite (RADARSAT) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and simulations from a radar-backscattering model, we determined that conventional wet snow-mapping algorithms should perform ...
This paper deals with the analysis of those data and the relationship between the backscattering coefficients, snow-surface wetness, incidence angle, and wet snow surface roughness. ...
doi:10.1109/36.823925
fatcat:ycaxe6mikrfrbnedulzp65hnuq
The Arctic Ocean Observation Operator for 6.9 GHz (ARC3O) – Part 1: How to obtain sea ice brightness temperatures at 6.9 GHz from climate model output
2020
The Cryosphere
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Finally, in our setup, we cannot assess the effect of wet snow properties. ...
We investigate the influence of simplifying assumptions for the representation of sea ice vertical properties on the simulation of microwave brightness temperatures. ...
We thank Stefan Kern for constructive comments and discussions. We also thank Mohammed Shokr and an anonymous reviewer for the detailed and constructive comments. Financial support. ...
doi:10.5194/tc-14-2369-2020
fatcat:7mzv2dv5bfhttad2z4de2zzgoi
Wideband Backscattering From Alpine Snow Cover: A Full-Season Study
2021
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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This article experimentally investigates relationships between copol backscattering at a wide range of frequencies (L-to Ka-bands) and snow-ground state parameters (SPs) in different evolution phases during ...
An anticorrelation between reasonably high snow wetness and backscattering coefficient is found, especially at higher microwave frequencies. ...
Investigation and quantification of such relationships are keys to developing a snow property retrieval algorithm, which considers the physics of microwave radiative transfer through the snow at a reasonable ...
doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3112772
fatcat:lo3se2sz5vgxde5art3liefl5i
Diverging sensitivity of soil water stress to changing snowmelt timing in the Western U.S
2016
Advances in Water Resources
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The observation and model results confirmed 470 that the physical mechanisms capable of driving the observed snow disappearance-growing 471 season relationships depended on interactions between soil properties ...
Of the 62 sites investigated, 36 had significant relationships between earlier snowmelt and the duration of soil water stress. ...
doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.03.017
fatcat:f2pfbvjxszdznmw2cbhxdc6ype
Climatic physical snowpack properties for large-scale modeling examined by observations and a physical model
2012
Polar Science
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Here we have conducted an integral study using site observations and a model with detailed snow dynamics, to examine the capability of the model for deriving a simple relationship between the density and ...
The one-dimensional snow dynamics model, SNOWPACK, simulated the evolution of the snowpack and compared observations between all sites. ...
The snow water equivalent data of AMSR-E were provided by the AMSR-E near real-time database of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), through the IARC-JAXA Information System (IJIS). ...
doi:10.1016/j.polar.2012.02.003
fatcat:dv7m3wpv4belpincgitlfsnowm
Remote sensing of Greenland ice sheet using multispectral near-infrared and visible radiances
2007
Journal of Geophysical Research
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1] We present the physical basis of and validate a new remote-sensing algorithm that utilizes reflected visible and near-infrared radiation to discriminate between dry and wet snow. ...
We combine this empirical relationship with historic temperature data to infer that the melt-day area of the western part of the ice sheet doubled between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s and that the largest ...
Physical Basis of Multispectral Wet/Dry Snow Detection [6] An algorithm developed recently to distinguish between water, ice and mixed phase clouds [Chylek and Borel, 2004; King et al., 2004; Chylek et ...
doi:10.1029/2007jd008742
fatcat:v6znwpmymzdpdbvukqlt5day7y
Microwave Signatures of Snow on Sea Ice: Modeling
2006
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Current snow-depthover-sea-ice retrieval algorithms do not sufficiently account for variations in snow and ice physical properties that can affect the accuracy of retrievals. ...
For this reason, airborne microwave observations were coordinated with ground-based measurements of snow depth and snow properties in the vicinity of Barrow, AK, in March 2003. ...
Mätzler for the use of the MEMLS code and the reviewers of this paper for their excellent comments and suggestions. ...
doi:10.1109/tgrs.2006.882139
fatcat:tm55aukerbhc5mbccgvy7e7woy
A broad spectral, interdisciplinary investigation of the electromagnetic properties of sea ice
1998
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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The objectives of the initiative were the following: 1) understand the mechanisms and processes that link the morphological and physical properties of sea ice to its electromagnetic (EM) characteristics ...
This paper highlights the interrelationship of research completed by a team of investigators and presented in the several individual papers comprising this Special Section on the Office of Naval Research ...
Such measurements provide a new tool for understanding the relationships between ice physical and optical properties. ...
doi:10.1109/36.718635
fatcat:gr3hgcmzirdq7nyhlfwofdsv2y
Possible Effect of Anthropogenic Aerosol Deposition on Snow Albedo Reduction at Shinjo, Japan
2005
Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan
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Measurement of the atmospheric aerosols above the snow surface using a laser optical particle counter suggested that wet deposition of atmospheric aerosols caused snow impurities of more than 1 ppmw in ...
We examined the dependence of albedos on snow grain size and on concentration of snow impurities, comparing observations and theoretical calculations using a radiative transfer model for atmosphere-snow ...
This work was conducted as a part of the ADEOS II/GLI Cal/ Val experiment, supported by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and a cooperative study on the optical properties of snow between the Meteorological ...
doi:10.2151/jmsj.83a.137
fatcat:ahbsmvs3efeqldk3mrmywsyyvm
Greenland ice-sheet surface properties observed by the Seasat-A scatterometer at enhanced resolution
1994
Journal of Glaciology
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, wet-snow, and ablation facies, over virtually the entire ice sheet. ...
The results provide a base line with which to compare current (ERS-1) and future Greenland radar maps of snow-and ice-surface conditions. ...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge the support of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) programs in Physical Oceanography (D. Adamec) and Polar Sciences (R. Thomas). ...
doi:10.3189/s0022143000007310
fatcat:s7djhdewhjdxfixxmqe52o6obq
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