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A Review on Feature Extraction and Feature Selection for Handwritten Character Recognition
2015
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications
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To overcome these issues and maximize classification performance, many techniques have been proposed for reducing the dimensionality of the feature space in which data have to be processed. ...
This paper provides a review of these advances. In a HCR, the set of features plays as main issues, as procedure in choosing the relevant feature that yields minimum classification error. ...
[53] combine different feature extraction techniques such as intersection based features, shadow features, chain code and curve fitting features for Indian Devnagari language script. Kimura et al. ...
doi:10.14569/ijacsa.2015.060230
fatcat:kaevu3rdnvehll5de7phax4u7e
The Optical Character Recognition for Cursive Script Using HMM: A Review
2014
Research Journal of Applied Sciences Engineering and Technology
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This paper present a comprehensive literature review of the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for off-line and on-line character recognition for Urdu, Arabic and Persian languages, based on Hidden Markov ...
We surveyed all most all significant approaches proposed and concluded future directions of OCR for cursive languages. ...
The rest of the paper will present a comprehensive literature review of the OCR methods
ISSUES IN CURSIVE SCRIPT LANGUAGES The literature reflects that Arabic language out of the prevailed cursive script ...
doi:10.19026/rjaset.8.1193
fatcat:7cpmia3vgrgttjahnkqqbvwaxy
Pashto Characters Recognition Using Multi-Class Enabled Support Vector Machine
2021
Computers Materials & Continua
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Recognition results are generated for the proposed model based on a manifold and hybrid feature map. ...
The highest accuracy rate of 83% for the multi-class SVM model based on a hybrid feature map re ects the applicability of the proposed model. ...
Pashto is also considered as sibling to the Urdu, Arabic and Persian languages. All these languages are cursive in nature and composed from right to left like Pashto script. ...
doi:10.32604/cmc.2021.015054
fatcat:id6f7jegpzcffchbq2gzf3yyxq
Review on Recent Advances in Automatic Handwritten MODI Script Recognition
2015
International Journal of Computer Applications
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Many HOCR systems was developed for different foreign language and efforts on Indian script still verdant. ...
The geographical and cultural vastness of the country various spoken languages and writing scripts were invented and utilized for daily communication. ...
This review concludes that many promising methodologies were developed for OCR and HOCR in last few decades for Indian scripts like English (cursive) [26] , Arabic [27] , Gurumukhi [32] , Persian [ ...
doi:10.5120/20257-2636
fatcat:qxu55br355c6zfpmfo3exg2due
Off-line Cursive Handwritten Tamil Character Recognition
2008
2008 International Conference on Security Technology
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The process of segmentation and recognition pose quiets a lot of challenges especially in recognizing cursive hand-written scripts of different languages. ...
The concept proposed is a solution crafted to perform character recognition of hand-written scripts in Tamil, a language having official status in India, Sri Lanka, and Singapore. ...
HMMs qualify as suitable tool for cursive script recognition for a number a reasons. First, they are stochastic models that can cope with noise and pattern variations occurring is human handwriting. ...
doi:10.1109/sectech.2008.33
fatcat:shcmjyb46veinnl6vyfn4sgfcq
Isolated Handwritten Pashto Character Recognition Using a K-NN Classification Tool based on Zoning and HOG Feature Extraction Techniques
2021
Complexity
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This database consists of 11352 character images (258 samples for each 44 characters in a Pashto script). ...
Enriched feature extraction techniques of histogram of oriented gradients and zoning-based density features are used for feature extraction of carved Pashto characters. ...
Literature Review Recent research shows prominent improvements in OCRs for many languages, especially which are cursive in nature. ese include Arabic, Urdu, Persian, and others that possess same cursive ...
doi:10.1155/2021/5558373
fatcat:xlronet2ybhlrjruqgv4c25fny
KNN and ANN-based Recognition of Handwritten Pashto Letters using Zoning Features
2018
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications
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In this work, we have designed a database of moderate size, which encompasses a total of 4488 images, stemming from 102 distinguishing samples for each of the 44 letters in Pashto. ...
Furthermore, the recognition framework extracts zoning features followed by K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Neural Network (NN) for classifying individual letters. ...
However, limited OCR-based systems are available for cursive languages such as Persian and Arabic and are not highly robust. ...
doi:10.14569/ijacsa.2018.091069
fatcat:aan4uvbw2zgxflap3264syws54
Development of a New Image-to-text Conversion System for Pashto, Farsi and Traditional Chinese
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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We report upon the results of a research and prototype building project Worldly OCR dedicated to developing new, more accurate image-to-text conversion software for several languages and writing systems ...
These include the cursive scripts Farsi and Pashto, and Latin cursive scripts. ...
Steps to developing OCR for the Bromello font This procedure has led to the development of an OCR system for a specific Latin cursive script: Bromello [12] . ...
arXiv:2005.08650v1
fatcat:3nmbzaz72vgwnab2ts7iz6ugly
Urdu Handwritten Text Recognition: A Survey
2020
IET Image Processing
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In this study, the authors presented a comprehensive survey for a number of offline and online handwritten text recognition systems for Urdu script written in Nastaliq font style from 2004 to 2019. ...
Following features make their contribution worthwhile and unique among the reviews of a similar kind: (i) their review classifies the existing studies based on types of recognition systems used for Urdu ...
A hybrid technique of hidden Markov model (HMM) and the fuzzy rule is used to recognise the handwritten digit of both Arabic and Urdu script. ...
doi:10.1049/iet-ipr.2019.0401
fatcat:vm6xhbrulvhrnj6eglcydaxwwe
A Review of Arabic Optical Character Recognition Techniques & Performance
English
2020
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technoloy
English
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These OCR systems available for several languages including Arabic, Arabic OCR has been developed and improved over decades, which ultimately causes to a huge number quantity of approaches with robust ...
Accordingly, it is necessary to review existing approaches that have reliable results. In addition, the review of deep learning for Arabic OCR systems and researches is very important and useful. ...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work is supported by UniSZA Center of Excellence Management and Research Incubator and University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. ...
doi:10.14445/22315381/cati1p208
fatcat:ilgf3ea7pfa45e2uo7iv7dszxe
An Efficient Skewed Line Segmentation Technique for Cursive Script OCR
2020
Scientific Programming
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In cursive text OCR systems, the segmentation of handwritten Urdu language text is a complex task because of the context sensitivity and diagonality of the text. ...
This paper presents a line segmentation algorithm for Urdu handwritten and printed text and subsequently to ligatures. ...
In this section, we will review existing techniques for text segmentation of printed and handwritten cursive scripts. ...
doi:10.1155/2020/8866041
fatcat:yqg4naghwbfvppue4vhifq7bku
ANALYZING DIFFERENT ALGORITHMS AND TECHNIQUES TO FIND OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION FOR TAMIL SCRIPTS
2020
JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
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Tamil is one of the world's ancient languages. This paper focuses mainly in particular on OCR for the digitalization and conservation of texts and inscriptions in the Tamil language. ...
A variety of algorithms have been analyzed for OCR texts for Tamils, and ancient letter conversion still has a big challenge to convert ancient Tamils into today's digital text format for Tamils. ...
Fig. 4 demonstrates the Tamil Script test method for
Literature Review Agnihotri and Dimitrova's red color component [XIII] gives a strong contrast between texts and backgrounds. ...
doi:10.26782/jmcms.2020.02.00029
fatcat:t3szo4mhavcvjluba6mhysdre4
Comparative Analysis of Segmentation and Recognition Techniques for Offline Handwritten Words
2020
International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub
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It attempt to review various techniques for character segmentation considering touching characters for offline handwritten words in Devanagari script and scripts sharing similar characteristics (like Bangla ...
This paper is a review which is confined to offline handwritten script domain. ...
Section 4 gives various techniques used in the literature for segmentation used in different scripting languages. ...
doi:10.47392/irjash.2020.91
fatcat:oqm5ps2kdngh5a5qypkxtzhtae
A survey on Arabic character segmentation
2012
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition
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This survey presents the description of the Arabic script characteristics with an overview on OCR systems and a comprehensive review mainly on off-line printed Arabic character segmentation techniques. ...
Arabic character segmentation is a necessary step in Arabic Optical Character Recognition (OCR). ...
For these reasons, more and more cursive script OCR systems use this technique for improving the recognition accuracy [35, 59, 114] . ...
doi:10.1007/s10032-012-0188-6
fatcat:w5hszp2ksbcb3kw627yw2cwehy
A Survey on Arabic Handwritten Script Recognition Systems
2021
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
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They can also do a transformation of such data type into machine-processable form to facilitate the interaction between user and machine in various applications. ...
In this paper, we present the global structure of an OCR system, with its types (on-line and off-line), categories (printed and handwritten) and its main steps. ...
THe ARABIC LANGUAGe ANd SCRIPT, oRIGIN ANd CHARACTeRISTICS The Arabic language (also Quranic and liturgical language) is being used by around 1.8 billion people. ...
doi:10.4018/ijaiml.20210701.oa9
fatcat:eyf77ynim5cpdi6fkgwhmm656m
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